USAP-DC

{"dp_type": "Project", "free_text": "d18O"}

[{"awards": "1644118 Dunbar, Robert", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-108 -73,-107.3 -73,-106.6 -73,-105.9 -73,-105.2 -73,-104.5 -73,-103.8 -73,-103.1 -73,-102.4 -73,-101.7 -73,-101 -73,-101 -73.3,-101 -73.6,-101 -73.9,-101 -74.2,-101 -74.5,-101 -74.8,-101 -75.1,-101 -75.4,-101 -75.7,-101 -76,-101.7 -76,-102.4 -76,-103.1 -76,-103.8 -76,-104.5 -76,-105.2 -76,-105.9 -76,-106.6 -76,-107.3 -76,-108 -76,-108 -75.7,-108 -75.4,-108 -75.1,-108 -74.8,-108 -74.5,-108 -74.2,-108 -73.9,-108 -73.6,-108 -73.3,-108 -73))", "dataset_titles": "Antarctic Seawater d18O isotope data from SE Amundsen Sea: 2000, 2007, 2009, 2019, 2020", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "601611", "doi": "10.15784/601611", "keywords": "Amundsen Sea; Antarctica; Chemistry:Water; Cryosphere; CTD; d18O; NBP0001; NBP0702; NBP0901; NBP1901; NBP2002; Oceans; oxygen isotope; R/V Nathaniel B. Palmer; seawater isotope; Southern Ocean", "people": "Hennig, Andrew", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Antarctic Seawater d18O isotope data from SE Amundsen Sea: 2000, 2007, 2009, 2019, 2020", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601611"}], "date_created": "Wed, 21 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Estimating Antarctic ice sheet growth or loss is important to predicting future sea level rise. Such estimates rely on field measurements or remotely sensed based observations of the ice sheet surface, ice margins, and or ice shelves. This work examines the introduction of freshwater into the ocean to surrounding Antarctica to track meltwater from continental ice. Polar ice is depleted in two stable isotopes, 18O and D, deuterium, relative to Southern Ocean seawater and precipitation. Measurements of seawater isotopic composition in conjunction with precise observations of seawater temperature and salinity, will permit discrimination of freshwater derived from melting glacial ice from that derived from regional precipitation or sea ice melt.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThis research describes an accepted method for determining rates and locations of meltwater entering the oceans from polar ice sheets. As isotopic and salinity perturbations are cumulative in many Antarctic coastal seas, the method allows for the detection of any marked acceleration in meltwater introduction in specific regions, using samples collected and analyzed over a period of years to decades. Impact of the project derives from use of an independent method capable of constraining knowledge about current ice sheet melt rates, their stability and potential impact on sea level rise. The project allows for sample collection taken from foreign vessels of opportunity sailing in Antarctic waters, and subsequent sharing and interpretation of data. Research partners include the U.S., Korea, China, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and Germany. Participating collaborators will collect seawater samples for isotopic and salinity analysis at Stanford University. USAP cruises will concentrate on sampling the Ross Sea, and the West Antarctic. The work plan includes interpretation of isotopic data using box model and mixing curve analyses as well as using isotope enabled ROMS (Regional Ocean Modeling System) models. The broader impacts of the research will include development of an educational module that illustrates the scientific method and how ocean observations help society understand how Earth is changing.", "east": -101.0, "geometry": "POINT(-104.5 -74.5)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "SALINITY; Meltwater inventory; Stable Isotopes; Oxygen Isotopes; Pine Island Bay; OCEAN CHEMISTRY; WATER TEMPERATURE", "locations": "Pine Island Bay", "north": -73.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Dunbar, Robert", "platforms": null, "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -76.0, "title": "Estimation of Antarctic Ice Melt using Stable Isotopic Analyses of Seawater", "uid": "p0010380", "west": -108.0}, {"awards": "1744832 Severinghaus, Jeffrey; 0838843 Kurbatov, Andrei; 1745006 Brook, Edward; 1745007 Mayewski, Paul; 1744993 Higgins, John", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((159.16667 -76.66667,159.19167 -76.66667,159.21667 -76.66667,159.24167 -76.66667,159.26667 -76.66667,159.29167 -76.66667,159.31667 -76.66667,159.34167 -76.66667,159.36667 -76.66667,159.39167 -76.66667,159.41667 -76.66667,159.41667 -76.673336,159.41667 -76.680002,159.41667 -76.686668,159.41667 -76.693334,159.41667 -76.7,159.41667 -76.706666,159.41667 -76.713332,159.41667 -76.719998,159.41667 -76.726664,159.41667 -76.73333,159.39167 -76.73333,159.36667 -76.73333,159.34167 -76.73333,159.31667 -76.73333,159.29167 -76.73333,159.26667 -76.73333,159.24167 -76.73333,159.21667 -76.73333,159.19167 -76.73333,159.16667 -76.73333,159.16667 -76.726664,159.16667 -76.719998,159.16667 -76.713332,159.16667 -76.706666,159.16667 -76.7,159.16667 -76.693334,159.16667 -76.686668,159.16667 -76.680002,159.16667 -76.673336,159.16667 -76.66667))", "dataset_titles": "Allan Hills CMC3 ice core d18Oatm, d15N, dO2/N2, dAr/N2, d40/36Ar, d40/38Ar 2021 \u0026 2022; Allan Hills Stable Water Isotopes; I-165-M GPR Field Report 2019-2020", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "601669", "doi": "10.15784/601669", "keywords": "Allan Hills; Antarctica; Cryosphere; Ground Penetrating Radar; Ice Core; Report", "people": "Nesbitt, Ian; Brook, Edward", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "Allan Hills", "title": "I-165-M GPR Field Report 2019-2020", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601669"}, {"dataset_uid": "609541", "doi": "10.7265/N5NP22DF", "keywords": "Allan Hills; Antarctica; Chemistry:Ice; Cryosphere; Geochemistry; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Isotope", "people": "Mayewski, Paul A.; Kurbatov, Andrei V.; Spaulding, Nicole; Introne, Douglas", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "Allan Hills", "title": "Allan Hills Stable Water Isotopes", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/609541"}, {"dataset_uid": "601620", "doi": "10.15784/601620", "keywords": "18O of atmospheric O2; Allan Hills; Allan Hills blue ice; Antarctica; Blue Ice Area; Cryosphere; Delta 15N; Delta 18O; Dole Effect; Dole Effect; Firn Thickness; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; ice core chronology; Ice Core Records", "people": "Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "Allan Hills", "title": "Allan Hills CMC3 ice core d18Oatm, d15N, dO2/N2, dAr/N2, d40/36Ar, d40/38Ar 2021 \u0026 2022", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601620"}], "date_created": "Fri, 27 Aug 2021 00:00:00 GMT", "description": " Between about 2.8-0.9 Ma, Earth\u2019s climate was characterized by 40 kyr cycles, driven or paced by changes in the tilt of Earth\u2019s spin axis. Much is known about the 40k world from studies of deep-sea sediments, but our understanding of climate change during this period and the transition between the 40kyr glacial cycles from 2.8-0.9 Ma and the 100kyr glacial cycles of the last 0.9 Myr is incomplete because we lack records of Antarctic climate and direct records of atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. We propose to address these issues by building on our recent studies of \u003e1 Ma ice discovered in shallow ice cores in the Allan Hills Blue Ice Area (BIA), Antarctica. During the 2015-2016 field season we recovered ice from two nearby drill cores that dates to \u003e 2 million years in age using the 40Ar/38Ar ratio of the trapped gases. Our discovery of ice of this antiquity in two cores demonstrates that there is gas-record quality ice from the 40k world in the Allan Hills BIA. To further characterize the composition of Earth\u2019s atmosphere and Antarctic climate during the 40k world we request support for two field seasons to drill new large-volume (4\u201d or 9\u201d diameter) ice cores at sites where we have previously identified \u003e1 Ma ice and nearby sites where ground penetrating radar has identified bedrock features conducive to the preservation of old ice. ", "east": 159.41667, "geometry": "POINT(159.29167 -76.7)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "SNOW/ICE; AMD/US; Allan Hills; FIELD SURVEYS; AMD; USAP-DC; USA/NSF; LABORATORY", "locations": "Allan Hills", "north": -76.66667, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Mayewski, Paul A.; Kurbatov, Andrei V.; Brook, Edward J.; Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.; Higgins, John", "platforms": "OTHER \u003e PHYSICAL MODELS \u003e LABORATORY; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD SURVEYS", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "Allan Hills", "south": -76.73333, "title": "Collaborative research: Snapshots of Early and Mid-Pleistocene Climate and Atmospheric Composition from the Allan Hills Blue Ice Area ", "uid": "p0010253", "west": 159.16667}, {"awards": "1644159 Jacobs, Stanley", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-180 -72.5,-177 -72.5,-174 -72.5,-171 -72.5,-168 -72.5,-165 -72.5,-162 -72.5,-159 -72.5,-156 -72.5,-153 -72.5,-150 -72.5,-150 -73.15,-150 -73.8,-150 -74.45,-150 -75.1,-150 -75.75,-150 -76.4,-150 -77.05,-150 -77.7,-150 -78.35,-150 -79,-153 -79,-156 -79,-159 -79,-162 -79,-165 -79,-168 -79,-171 -79,-174 -79,-177 -79,180 -79,178.2 -79,176.4 -79,174.6 -79,172.8 -79,171 -79,169.2 -79,167.4 -79,165.6 -79,163.8 -79,162 -79,162 -78.35,162 -77.7,162 -77.05,162 -76.4,162 -75.75,162 -75.1,162 -74.45,162 -73.8,162 -73.15,162 -72.5,163.8 -72.5,165.6 -72.5,167.4 -72.5,169.2 -72.5,171 -72.5,172.8 -72.5,174.6 -72.5,176.4 -72.5,178.2 -72.5,-180 -72.5))", "dataset_titles": "Antarctic Seawater d18O isotope data from SE Amundsen Sea: 2000, 2007, 2009, 2019, 2020; Ross Island area salinity and temperature records 1956 to 2020", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "601458", "doi": "10.15784/601458", "keywords": "Antarctica; Cryosphere; CTD; Oceans; Physical Oceanography; Ross Island; Ross Sea; Salinity; Temperature", "people": "Giulivi, Claudia; Jacobs, Stanley", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Ross Island area salinity and temperature records 1956 to 2020", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601458"}, {"dataset_uid": "601611", "doi": "10.15784/601611", "keywords": "Amundsen Sea; Antarctica; Chemistry:Water; Cryosphere; CTD; d18O; NBP0001; NBP0702; NBP0901; NBP1901; NBP2002; Oceans; oxygen isotope; R/V Nathaniel B. Palmer; seawater isotope; Southern Ocean", "people": "Hennig, Andrew", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Antarctic Seawater d18O isotope data from SE Amundsen Sea: 2000, 2007, 2009, 2019, 2020", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601611"}], "date_created": "Fri, 25 Jun 2021 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This project extended and combined historical and recent ocean data sets to investigate ice-ocean-interactions along the Pacific continental margin of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. The synthesis focused on the strikingly different environments on and near the cold Ross Sea and warm Amundsen Sea continental shelves, where available measurements reach back to 1911 and 1994, respectively. On the more extensively covered Ross Sea continental shelf, multiple reoccupations of ocean stations and transects since the 1950s were used to extend our knowledge of ocean thermohaline change and variability. The more rugged Amundsen Sea continental shelf contains the earth\u0027s fastest melting ice shelves, which Holland et al (2019) show can be linked to decadal-scale variability in the tropical Pacific, and Jacobs et al. (2021) document as being the primary influence on freshening downstream in the Ross Sea. Recent and potential future rates of sea level rise are the primary broad-scale impacts revealed by the observations of ice and ocean changes in these study areas. More regionally, freshening also influences the properties of slope front and coastal currents, and abyssal water mass formation. The overriding question in such work is whether their contributions to global and regional sea levels will continue to increase ~linearly, perhaps allowing greenhouse gas reductions to head off the worst consequences, or accelerate and contribute to major social and economic upheavals. The compiled ocean station profile data has been derived from measurements made from 16 ships operated by 6 countries, from 5 projects using holes through fast and glacier ice, and from 3 studies using drifting floats. We are grateful to the many individuals who have acquired, processed and provided the data, along with their supporting agencies, and welcome corrections and updates to this archive.\n\n", "east": -150.0, "geometry": "POINT(-174 -75.75)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "USAP-DC; AMD; SALINITY/DENSITY; USA/NSF; COMPUTERS; AMD/US; Ross Sea; SHIPS; OCEAN TEMPERATURE", "locations": "Ross Sea", "north": -72.5, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Jacobs, Stanley", "platforms": "OTHER \u003e MODELS \u003e COMPUTERS; WATER-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e VESSELS \u003e SURFACE \u003e SHIPS", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -79.0, "title": "West Antarctic Ice Shelf- Ocean Interactions ", "uid": "p0010208", "west": 162.0}, {"awards": "1643394 Buizert, Christo; 1643355 Steig, Eric", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60))", "dataset_titles": "Antarctica 40,000 Year Temperature and Elevation Reconstructions; Layer and Thinning based Accumulation Rate Reconstructions; WAIS Divide 67-6ka nssS Data and EDML, EDC and TALDICE Volcanic Tie Points", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "601448", "doi": "10.15784/601448", "keywords": "Antarctica; Cryosphere; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Records; Snow/Ice", "people": "Fudge, T. J.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Layer and Thinning based Accumulation Rate Reconstructions", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601448"}, {"dataset_uid": "200219", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "NCEI", "science_program": null, "title": "Antarctica 40,000 Year Temperature and Elevation Reconstructions", "url": "https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo-search/study/32632"}, {"dataset_uid": "200220", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "NCEI", "science_program": null, "title": "WAIS Divide 67-6ka nssS Data and EDML, EDC and TALDICE Volcanic Tie Points", "url": "https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/24530"}], "date_created": "Fri, 28 May 2021 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The main objectives of the proposed work are twofold: (1) to fully characterize the timing and spatial pattern of millennial-scale Antarctic climate change during the deglaciation and Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) cycles using multiple synchronized Antarctic ice cores; (2) to provide state-of-the-art, internally-consistent ice core chronologies for all US Antarctic ice cores. The WAIS Divide, Siple Dome, Byrd, Taylor Dome and South Pole ice cores will be synchronized using volcanic, dust and gas (CH4 and d18Oatm) markers; this synchronization will be combined with ice-flow and firn densification modeling to create gas-age and ice-age scales for these ice cores, consistent with the highly accurate WAIS Divide chronology. The grant will support ongoing efforts to synchronize the WAIS Divide core to the Dome C and Dronning Maud Land cores, which in turn have been synchronized to several East Antarctic ice cores. Using this chronological framework, the interpolar phasing of millennial-scale climate change will be investigated during the DO cycles using 6 Antarctic ice cores, and during the last deglaciation using 11 ice cores. The relationship between accumulation rate and site temperature during the natural warming of the last deglaciation will be investigated for all the Antarctic ice cores included in the framework.", "east": 180.0, "geometry": "POINT(0 -89.999)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "GLACIERS/ICE SHEETS; Antarctica", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Fudge, T. J.; Steig, Eric J.; Buizert, Christo", "platforms": null, "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "NCEI; USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "Collaborative Research: The Timing and Spatial Expression of the Bipolar Seesaw", "uid": "p0010183", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "1443105 Steig, Eric", "bounds_geometry": "POINT(0 -90)", "dataset_titles": "Continuous-flow measurements of the complete water isotope ratios (D/H, 17O/16O, 18O/16) from the South Pole ice core; South Pole high resolution ice core water stable isotope record for dD, d18O; South Pole Ice Core Holocene Major Ion Dataset; South Pole Ice Core Sea Salt Sodium; SP19 Gas Chronology; Temperature, accumulation rate, and layer thinning from the South Pole ice core (SPC14)", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "601396", "doi": "10.15784/601396", "keywords": "Accumulation; Antarctica; Cryosphere; Diffusion Length; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Records; Ice Dynamics; Layer Thinning; Oxygen Isotopes; South Pole; SPICECORE; Temperature", "people": "Schauer, Andrew; Stevens, Max; Conway, Howard; Waddington, Edwin D.; Buizert, Christo; Epifanio, Jenna; White, James; Kahle, Emma; Vaughn, Bruce; Morris, Valerie; Koutnik, Michelle; Fudge, T. J.; Jones, Tyler R.; Steig, Eric J.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "SPICEcore", "title": "Temperature, accumulation rate, and layer thinning from the South Pole ice core (SPC14)", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601396"}, {"dataset_uid": "601399", "doi": "10.15784/601399", "keywords": "Antarctica; Cryosphere; Glaciology; Ice Core; Ice Core Chemistry; Ice Core Records; Major Ion; Sea Ice; Sea Salt; Sodium; South Pole; SPICEcore", "people": "Winski, Dominic A.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "SPICEcore", "title": "South Pole Ice Core Holocene Major Ion Dataset", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601399"}, {"dataset_uid": "601380", "doi": "10.15784/601380", "keywords": "Antarctica; CH4; Cryosphere; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Records; Ice Core Stratigraphy; Methane; South Pole; SPICEcore", "people": "Epifanio, Jenna", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "SPICEcore", "title": "SP19 Gas Chronology", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601380"}, {"dataset_uid": "601475", "doi": "10.15784/601475", "keywords": "Antarctica; Cryosphere; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core; Ice Core Chemistry; Ice Core Records; Major Ion; Sea Ice; Sea Salt; Sodium; South Pole; SPICEcore", "people": "Winski, Dominic A.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "SPICEcore", "title": "South Pole Ice Core Sea Salt Sodium", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601475"}, {"dataset_uid": "601429", "doi": "10.15784/601429", "keywords": "Antarctica; Climate; Cryosphere; Deuterium; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Hydrogen; Ice; Ice Core; Ice Core Chemistry; Oxygen; Paleoclimate; Snow/Ice; South Pole; Stable Isotopes", "people": "Kahle, Emma; Morris, Valerie; Vaughn, Bruce; White, James; Schauer, Andrew; Steig, Eric J.; Jones, Tyler R.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "SPICEcore", "title": "Continuous-flow measurements of the complete water isotope ratios (D/H, 17O/16O, 18O/16) from the South Pole ice core", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601429"}, {"dataset_uid": "601239", "doi": "10.15784/601239", "keywords": "Antarctica; Cavity Ring Down Spectrometers; Cryosphere; Delta 18O; Delta Deuterium; Deuterium Isotopes; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice; Ice Core; Ice Core Chemistry; Ice Core Data; Oxygen Isotopes; Snow/Ice; Stable Isotopes", "people": "Vaughn, Bruce; Morris, Valerie; White, James; Schauer, Andrew; Jones, Tyler R.; Steig, Eric J.; Kahle, Emma", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "SPICEcore", "title": "South Pole high resolution ice core water stable isotope record for dD, d18O", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601239"}], "date_created": "Sun, 17 Nov 2019 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This project will develop a record of the stable-isotope ratios of water from an ice core at the South Pole, Antarctica. Water-isotope ratio measurements provide a means to determine variability in temperature through time. South Pole is distinct from most other locations in Antarctica in showing no warming in recent decades, but little is known about temperature variability in this location prior to the installation of weather stations in 1957. The measurements made as part of this project will result in a much longer temperature record, extending at least 40,000 years, aiding our ability to understand what controls Antarctic climate, and improving projections of future Antarctic climate change. Data from this project will be critical to other investigators working on the South Pole ice core, and of general interest to other scientists and the public. Data will be provided rapidly to other investigators and made public as soon as possible.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThis project will obtain records of the stable-isotope ratios of water on the ice core currently being obtained at South Pole. The core will reach a depth of 1500 m and an age of 40,000 years. The project will use laser spectroscopy to obtain both an ultra-high-resolution record of oxygen 18/16 and deuterium-hydrogen ratios, and a lower-resolution record of oxygen 17/16 ratios. The high-resolution measurements will be used to aid in dating the core, and to provide estimates of isotope diffusion that constrain the process of firn densification. The novel 17/16 measurement provides additional constraints on the isotope fractionation due to the temperature-dependent supersaturation ratio, which affects the fractionation of water during the liquid-solid condensate transition. Together, these techniques will allow for improved accuracy in the use of the water isotope ratios as proxies for ice-sheet temperature, sea-surface temperature, and atmospheric circulation. The result will be a record of decadal through centennial and millennial scale climate change in a climatically distinct region in East Antarctica that has not been previously sampled by deep ice coring. The project will support a graduate student who will be co-advised by faculty at the University of Washington and the University of Colorado, and will be involved in all aspects of the work.", "east": 0.0, "geometry": "POINT(0 -90)", "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e MASS SPECTROMETERS", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "GLACIERS/ICE SHEETS; Antarctica; d18O; SPICore; Oxygen Isotopes; AMD; LABORATORY; FIELD INVESTIGATION; OXYGEN ISOTOPE ANALYSIS; South Pole; USAP-DC; Ice Core", "locations": "Antarctica; South Pole", "north": -90.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": "PHANEROZOIC \u003e CENOZOIC \u003e QUATERNARY \u003e HOLOCENE", "persons": "Steig, Eric J.; White, James", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD INVESTIGATION; OTHER \u003e PHYSICAL MODELS \u003e LABORATORY", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "Collaborative Research: Record of the Triple-oxygen Isotope and Hydrogen Isotope Composition of Ice from an Ice Core at South Pole", "uid": "p0010065", "west": 0.0}, {"awards": "1443550 Brook, Edward", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60))", "dataset_titles": "Polar Ice Cores 3,000 Year Nitrous Oxide d15N and d18O Data; SPICEcore Holocene CO2 and N2O data", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "601197", "doi": "10.15784/601197", "keywords": "Antarctica; Carbon Dioxide; Cryosphere; Ice Core Gas Records; Nitrous Oxide; South Pole; SPICEcore", "people": "Brook, Edward J.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "SPICEcore", "title": "SPICEcore Holocene CO2 and N2O data", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601197"}, {"dataset_uid": "200055", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "NCEI", "science_program": null, "title": "Polar Ice Cores 3,000 Year Nitrous Oxide d15N and d18O Data", "url": "https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo-search/study/25530"}], "date_created": "Tue, 06 Aug 2019 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The temperature of the earth is controlled, in part, by heat trapping gases that include carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. Despite their importance to climate, direct measurements of these gases in the atmosphere are limited to the last 50 years at best. Air trapped in ice cores extends those data back hundreds of millennia, and measurements of greenhouse gases in ice cores underpin much of our understanding of global chemical cycles relevant to modern climate change. Existing records vary in quality and detail. The proposed work fills gaps in our knowledge of nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide over the last 10,000 years. New measurements from an ice core from the South Pole will be used to determine what role changes in ocean and land based processes played in controlling these gases, which decreased during the first 2,000 years of this time period, then gradually increased toward the present. The work will address a major controversy over whether early human activities could have impacted the atmosphere, and provide data to improve mathematical models of the land-ocean-atmosphere system that predict how future climate change will impact the composition of the atmosphere and climate. \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eFor nitrous oxide the work will improve on existing concentration records It will also develop measurement of the isotopomers of nitrous oxide and explore their utility for understanding aspects of the Holocene nitrous oxide budget. The primary goal is to determine if marine and/or terrestrial emissions of nitrous oxide change in response to changes in Holocene climate. A new Holocene isotopic record for carbon dioxide (stable carbon and oxygen isotopes), will improve the precision of existing records by a factor 5 and increase the temporal resolution. These data will be used to evaluate controversial hypotheses about why carbon dioxide concentrations changed in the Holocene and provide insight into millennial scale processes in the carbon cycle, which are not resolved by current isotopic data. A graduate student and post doc will receive advanced training during and the student and principle investigator will conduct outreach efforts targeted at local middle school students. The proposed work will also contribute to teaching efforts by the PI and to public lectures on climate and climate change. The results will be disseminated through publications, data archive, and the OSU Ice Core Lab web site. New analytical methods of wide utility will also be developed and documented.", "east": 180.0, "geometry": "POINT(0 -89.999)", "instruments": "NOT APPLICABLE \u003e NOT APPLICABLE \u003e NOT APPLICABLE", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "CARBON DIOXIDE; NOT APPLICABLE; USAP-DC; TRACE GASES/TRACE SPECIES; Antarctica; ICE CORE RECORDS; NITROUS OXIDE", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Brook, Edward J.", "platforms": "OTHER \u003e NOT APPLICABLE \u003e NOT APPLICABLE", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "NCEI; USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "Controls on Variations in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Nitrous Oxide During the Last 10,000 years", "uid": "p0010043", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "1443306 Mayewski, Paul; 1443263 Higgins, John", "bounds_geometry": null, "dataset_titles": "Carbon dioxide concentration and its stable carbon isotope composition in Allan Hills ice cores; Elemental and isotopic composition of heavy noble gases in Allan Hills ice cores; Elemental and isotopic composition of nitrogen, oxygen, and argon in Allan Hills ice cores; Greenhouse gas composition in the Allan Hills S27 ice core; Methane concentration in Allan Hills ice cores; Stable isotope composition of the trapped air in the Allan Hills S27 ice core; Stable water isotope data for the AH-1502 ice core drilled at the Allan Hills Blue ice area; Stable water isotope data for the AH-1503 ice core drilled at the Allan Hills Blue ice area; Stable water isotope data for the surface samples collected at the Allan Hills Blue ice area", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "601202", "doi": "10.15784/601202", "keywords": "Allan Hills; Allan Hills project; Antarctica; Carbon Dioxide; Carbon Isotopes; Chemistry:Ice; CO2; Cryosphere; Gas Chromatography; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Greenhouse Gases; Ice; Ice Core Data; Ice Core Gas Records; Ice Core Records; Mass Spectrometer; Mass Spectrometry; Methane; Snow/Ice", "people": "Brook, Edward J.; Bender, Michael; Higgins, John; Yan, Yuzhen", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "Allan Hills", "title": "Carbon dioxide concentration and its stable carbon isotope composition in Allan Hills ice cores", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601202"}, {"dataset_uid": "601203", "doi": "10.15784/601203", "keywords": "Allan Hills; Allan Hills project; Antarctica; Chemistry:Ice; Cryosphere; Gas Chromatography; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Greenhouse Gases; Ice; Ice Core Data; Ice Core Gas Records; Methane; Snow/Ice", "people": "Brook, Edward J.; Yan, Yuzhen; Bender, Michael; Higgins, John", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "Allan Hills", "title": "Methane concentration in Allan Hills ice cores", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601203"}, {"dataset_uid": "601512", "doi": "10.15784/601512", "keywords": "Allan Hills; Antarctica; Blue Ice; Cryosphere; Ice Core; Ice Core Gas Records; Isotope; Nitrogen; Oxygen", "people": "Bender, Michael; Higgins, John; Yan, Yuzhen", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "Allan Hills", "title": "Stable isotope composition of the trapped air in the Allan Hills S27 ice core", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601512"}, {"dataset_uid": "601483", "doi": "10.15784/601483", "keywords": "AGDC-project; Allan Hills; Antarctica; Argon; Cryosphere; Ice; Ice Core Data; Ice Core Gas Records; Isotope; Mass Spectrometry; Nitrogen; Oxygen", "people": "Yan, Yuzhen; Higgins, John; Bender, Michael", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "Allan Hills", "title": "Elemental and isotopic composition of nitrogen, oxygen, and argon in Allan Hills ice cores", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601483"}, {"dataset_uid": "601128", "doi": "10.15784/601128", "keywords": "Allan Hills; Antarctica; Blue Ice Area; Chemistry:Ice; Cryosphere; Delta 18O; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Records; Isotope record; Mass Spectrometry; Stable water isotopes", "people": "Introne, Douglas; Yan, Yuzhen; Mayewski, Paul A.; Kurbatov, Andrei V.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "Allan Hills", "title": "Stable water isotope data for the AH-1503 ice core drilled at the Allan Hills Blue ice area", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601128"}, {"dataset_uid": "601129", "doi": "10.15784/601129", "keywords": "Allan Hills; Allan Hills project; Antarctica; Blue Ice Area; Cryosphere; Delta 18O; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core; Ice Core Chemistry; Ice Core Records; isotope data; Oxygen; Snow/Ice; Stable water isotopes; Transantarctic Mountains", "people": "Kurbatov, Andrei V.; Introne, Douglas; Yan, Yuzhen; Mayewski, Paul A.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "Allan Hills", "title": "Stable water isotope data for the AH-1502 ice core drilled at the Allan Hills Blue ice area", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601129"}, {"dataset_uid": "601130", "doi": "10.15784/601130", "keywords": "Allan Hills; Allan Hills project; Antarctica; Blue Ice Area; Chemistry:Ice; Cryosphere; Delta 18O; Delta Deuterium; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Gas Records; Ice Core Records; Oxygen; Snow/Ice; Stable water isotopes; Transantarctic Mountains", "people": "Introne, Douglas; Yan, Yuzhen; Kurbatov, Andrei V.; Mayewski, Paul A.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "Allan Hills", "title": "Stable water isotope data for the surface samples collected at the Allan Hills Blue ice area", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601130"}, {"dataset_uid": "601201", "doi": "10.15784/601201", "keywords": "Allan Hills; Allan Hills project; Antarctica; Argon; Chemistry:Ice; Cryosphere; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core; Ice Core Data; Ice Core Gas Records; Krypton; Mass Spectrometer; Noble Gas; Snow/Ice; Xenon", "people": "Yan, Yuzhen; Ng, Jessica; Higgins, John; Bender, Michael; Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "Allan Hills", "title": "Elemental and isotopic composition of heavy noble gases in Allan Hills ice cores", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601201"}, {"dataset_uid": "601425", "doi": "10.15784/601425", "keywords": "Allan Hills; Antarctica; Blue Ice; Carbon Dioxide; Cryosphere; Ice Core; Methane", "people": "Yan, Yuzhen; Brook, Edward J.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "Allan Hills", "title": "Greenhouse gas composition in the Allan Hills S27 ice core", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601425"}], "date_created": "Thu, 18 Oct 2018 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Bubbles of ancient air trapped in ice cores permit the direct reconstruction of atmospheric composition and allow us to link greenhouse gases and global climate over the last 800,000 years. Previous field expeditions to the Allan Hills blue ice area, Antarctica, have recovered ice cores that date to one million years, the oldest ice cores yet recovered from Antarctica. These records have revealed that interglacial CO2 concentrations decreased by 800,000 years ago and that, in the warmer world 1 million years ago, CO2 and Antarctic temperature were linked as during the last 800,000 years. This project will return to the Allan Hills blue ice area to recover additional ice cores that date to 1 million years or older. The climate records developed from the drilled ice cores will provide new insights into the chemical composition of the atmosphere and Antarctic climate during times of comparable or even greater warmth than the present day. Our results will help answer questions about issues associated with anthropogenic change. These include the relationship between temperature change and the mass balance of Antarctic ice; precipitation and aridity variations associated with radiatively forced climate change; and the climate significance of sea ice extent. The project will entrain two graduate students and a postdoctoral scholar, and will conduct outreach including workshops to engage teachers in carbon science and ice cores.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eBetween about 2.8-0.9 million years ago, Earth\u0027s climate was characterized by 40,000-year cycles, driven or paced by changes in the tilt of Earth\u0027s spin axis. Much is known about the \"40,000-year\" world from studies of deep-sea sediments, but our understanding of climate change during this period is incomplete because we lack records of Antarctic climate and direct records of atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. We propose to address these issues by building on our recent studies of ancient ice from the Main Ice Field, Allan Hills, Antarctica. During previous field seasons we recovered ice extending, discontinuously, from 0.1-1.0 million years old. Ice was dated by measuring the 40Ar/38Ar (Argon) ratio of the trapped gases. Our discovery of million year-old ice demonstrates that there is gas-record-quality ice from the 40,000-year world in the Allan Hills Main Ice Field. We have identified two different sites, each overlying bedrock at ~ 200 m depth, that are attractive targets for coring ice dating to 1 million years and older. This project aims to core the ice at these two sites, re-occupy a previous site with million year-old ice and drill it down to the bedrock, and generate 10-20 short (~10-meter) cores in areas where our previous work and terrestrial meteorite ages suggest ancient surface ice. We plan to date the ice using the 40Ar/38Ar ages of trapped Argon. We also plan to characterize the continuity of our cores by measuring the deuterium and oxygen isotope ratios in the ice, methane, ratios of Oxygen and Argon to Nitrogen in trapped gas, the Nitrogen-15 isotope (d15N) of Nitrogen, and the Oxygen-18 isotope (d18O) of Oxygen. As the ice may be stratigraphically disturbed, these measurements will provide diagnostic properties for assessing the continuity of the ice-core records. Successful retrieval of ice older than one million years will provide the opportunity for follow-up work to measure the CO2 concentration and other properties within the ice to inform on the temperature history of the Allan Hills region, dust sources and source-area aridity, moisture sources, densification conditions, global average ocean temperature, and greenhouse gas concentrations. We will analyze the data in the context of leading hypotheses of the 40,000-year world and the Mid-Pleistocene Transition to the 100,000-year world. We expect to advance understanding of climate dynamics during these periods.", "east": null, "geometry": null, "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e CORERS \u003e CORING DEVICES", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "AMD/US; USA/NSF; FIELD INVESTIGATION; AMD; USAP-DC; Allan Hills; ice cores; LABORATORY", "locations": "Allan Hills", "north": null, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Mayewski, Paul A.; Kurbatov, Andrei V.; Higgins, John; Bender, Michael", "platforms": "OTHER \u003e PHYSICAL MODELS \u003e LABORATORY; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD INVESTIGATION", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "Allan Hills", "south": null, "title": "Collaborative Research: Window into the World with 40,000-year Glacial Cycles from Climate Records in Million Year-old Ice from the Allan Hills Blue Ice Area", "uid": "p0000760", "west": null}, {"awards": "0537661 Cuffey, Kurt; 0537930 Steig, Eric; 0537593 White, James", "bounds_geometry": "POINT(-112.08 -79.47)", "dataset_titles": "Stable Isotope Lab at INSTAAR, University of Colorado; WAIS ice core isotope data #342, 347, 348, 349, 350, 351 (full data link not provided)", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "002561", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "Project website", "science_program": null, "title": "Stable Isotope Lab at INSTAAR, University of Colorado", "url": "http://instaar.colorado.edu/sil/about/index.php"}, {"dataset_uid": "000140", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "Project website", "science_program": null, "title": "WAIS ice core isotope data #342, 347, 348, 349, 350, 351 (full data link not provided)", "url": "http://www.waisdivide.unh.edu/"}], "date_created": "Mon, 09 Apr 2012 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This award supports analyses of stable isotopes of water, dD, d18O and deuterium excess in the proposed West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide (WAIS) deep ice core. The project will produce a continuous and high-resolution reconstruction of stable isotope ratios for the new core. dD and d18O values provide estimates of temperature change at the ice core site. Deuterium excess provides estimates of ocean surface conditions, such as sea surface temperature, at the moisture source areas. This new ice core is ideally situated to address questions ranging from ice sheet stability to abrupt climate change. WAIS Divide has high enough snowfall rates to record climate changes on annual to decadal time scales. It should also have ice old enough to capture the last interglacial period in detail. The West Antarctic ice sheet is the subject of great scrutiny as our modern climate warms and sea level rises. What are the prospects for added sea level rise from ice released by this ice sheet? Understanding how this ice sheet has responded to climate change in the past, which the data collected in this project will help to assess, is critical to answering this question. The high temporal resolution available in the WAIS Divide core will provide the best available basis for inter-comparison of millennial-scale climate changes between the poles, and thus a better understanding of the spatial expression and dynamics of rapid climate change events. Finally, the location of this core in the Pacific sector of West Antarctica makes it well situated for examining the influence of the tropical Pacific on Antarctica climate, on longer timescales than are available from the instrumental climate record. Analyses will include the measurement of sub-annually resolved isotope variations in the uppermost parts of the core, measurements at annual resolution throughout the last 10,000 years and during periods of rapid climate change prior to that, and measurements at 50-year resolution throughout the entire length of the core that is collected and processed during the period of this grant. We anticipate that this will be about half of the full core expected to be drilled. In terms of broader impacts, the PIs will share the advising of two graduate students, who will make this ice core the focus of their thesis projects. It will be done in an innovative multi-campus approach designed to foster a broader educational experience. As noted above, the data and interpretations generated by this proposal will address climate change questions not only of direct and immediate scientific interest, but also of direct and immediate policy interest.", "east": -112.08, "geometry": "POINT(-112.08 -79.47)", "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e CORERS \u003e CORING DEVICES; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e MASS SPECTROMETERS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e ACOUSTIC SOUNDERS \u003e MBES", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide; WAIS divide; FIELD SURVEYS; millennial-scale; FIELD INVESTIGATION; isotopes; Antarctica; West Antarctica; stable isotope ratios; Antarctic; Ice Sheet; Not provided; Ice Core; Deuterium; LABORATORY", "locations": "WAIS divide; West Antarctica; Antarctic; Antarctica", "north": -79.47, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": "PHANEROZOIC \u003e CENOZOIC \u003e QUATERNARY \u003e PLEISTOCENE; PHANEROZOIC \u003e CENOZOIC \u003e QUATERNARY", "persons": "White, James; Steig, Eric J.; Cuffey, Kurt M.; Souney, Joseph Jr.; Vaughn, Bruce", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD SURVEYS; Not provided; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD INVESTIGATION; OTHER \u003e PHYSICAL MODELS \u003e LABORATORY", "repo": "Project website", "repositories": "Other", "science_programs": null, "south": -79.47, "title": "Collaborative Research: Stable Isotopes of Ice in the WAIS Divide Deep Ice Core", "uid": "p0000294", "west": -112.08}, {"awards": "0538657 Severinghaus, Jeffrey", "bounds_geometry": null, "dataset_titles": "Borehole Temperature Measurement in WDC05A in January 2008 and January 2009; Low-res d15N and d18O of O2 in the WAIS Divide 06A Deep Core; Ultra-High Resolution LA-ICP-MS Results: DO-21 Rapid Warming Event; WAIS Divide d18Oatm and Siple Dome/WAIS Divide composite and individual delta epsilon LAND", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "609637", "doi": "10.7265/N5B27S7S", "keywords": "Antarctica; Cryosphere; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Records; Temperature; WAIS divide; WAIS Divide Ice Core", "people": "Orsi, Anais J.; Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Borehole Temperature Measurement in WDC05A in January 2008 and January 2009", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/609637"}, {"dataset_uid": "609635", "doi": "10.7265/N51J97PS", "keywords": "Arctic; Cryosphere; Geochemistry; GISP; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Ice Core Records; Paleoclimate", "people": "Mayewski, Paul A.; Kurbatov, Andrei V.; Haines, Skylar", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Ultra-High Resolution LA-ICP-MS Results: DO-21 Rapid Warming Event", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/609635"}, {"dataset_uid": "609660", "doi": "10.7265/N5S46PWD", "keywords": "Antarctica; Chemistry:Fluid; Cryosphere; Geochemistry; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Records; Paleoclimate; WAIS divide; WAIS Divide Ice Core", "people": "Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "WAIS Divide Ice Core", "title": "Low-res d15N and d18O of O2 in the WAIS Divide 06A Deep Core", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/609660"}, {"dataset_uid": "601041", "doi": "10.15784/601041", "keywords": "Antarctica; Chemistry:Ice; Cryosphere; Gas; Geochemistry; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Records; Isotope; WAIS Divide Ice Core", "people": "Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.; Seltzer, Alan", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "WAIS Divide Ice Core", "title": "WAIS Divide d18Oatm and Siple Dome/WAIS Divide composite and individual delta epsilon LAND", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601041"}], "date_created": "Thu, 08 Jul 2010 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "0538657\u003cbr/\u003eSeveringhaus\u003cbr/\u003eThis award supports a project to develop high-resolution (20-yr) nitrogen and oxygen isotope records on trapped gases in the WAIS Divide ice core (Antarctica), with a comparison record for chronological purposes in the GISP2 (Greenland) ice core. The main scientific objective is to provide an independent temperature-change record for the past 100,000 years in West Antarctica that is not subject to the uncertainty inherent in ice isotopes (18O and deuterium), the classical paleothermometer. Nitrogen isotopes (Delta 15N) in air bubbles in glacial ice record rapid surface temperature change because of thermal fractionation of air in the porous firn layer, and this isotopic anomaly is recorded in bubbles as the firn becomes ice. Using this gas-based temperature-change record, in combination with methane data as interpolar stratigraphic markers, the proposed work will define the precise relative timing of abrupt warming in Greenland and abrupt cooling at the WAIS Divide site during the millennial-scale climatic oscillations of Marine Isotopic Stage 3 (30-70 kyr BP) and the last glacial termination. The nitrogen isotope record also provides constraints on past firn thickness, which inform temperature and accumulation rate histories from the ice core. A search for possible solar-related cycles will be conducted with the WAIS Divide Holocene (Delta 15N.) Oxygen isotopes of O2 (Delta 18Oatm) are obtained as a byproduct of the (Delta 15N) measurement. The gas-isotopic records will enhance the value of other atmospheric gas measurements in WAIS Divide, which are expected to be of unprecedented quality. The high-resolution (Delta 18Oatm) records will provide chronological control for use by the international ice coring community and for surface glacier ice dating. Education of a graduate student, and training of a staff member in the laboratory, will contribute to the nation\u0027s human resource base. Outreach activities in the context of the International Polar Year will be enhanced. International collaboration is planned with the laboratory of LSCE, University of Paris.", "east": null, "geometry": null, "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e TEMPERATURE/HUMIDITY SENSORS \u003e THERMISTORS \u003e THERMISTORS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e LA-ICP-MS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e MASS SPECTROMETERS", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "NSIDC; AGDC-project; LABORATORY; Borehole Temperatures; WAIS Divide-project; Depth; Not provided; GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS; Ice Core; WAIS divide; AGDC", "locations": "WAIS divide", "north": null, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": "PHANEROZOIC \u003e CENOZOIC \u003e QUATERNARY \u003e PLEISTOCENE", "persons": "Haines, Skylar; Mayewski, Paul A.; Orsi, Anais J.; Kurbatov, Andrei V.; Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.", "platforms": "Not provided; OTHER \u003e PHYSICAL MODELS \u003e LABORATORY; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e PERMANENT LAND SITES \u003e GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "WAIS Divide Ice Core", "south": null, "title": "Nitrogen and Oxygen Gas Isotopes in the WAIS Divide Ice Core as Constraints on Chronology, Temperature, and Accumulation Rate", "uid": "p0000036", "west": null}, {"awards": "0440975 Severinghaus, Jeffrey", "bounds_geometry": "POINT(-119.533333 -80.016667)", "dataset_titles": "Nitrogen and Oxygen Gas Isotopes in the Siple Dome and Byrd Ice Cores, Antarctica", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "609407", "doi": "10.7265/N55X26V0", "keywords": "Antarctica; Arctic; Atmosphere; Byrd Glacier; Byrd Ice Core; Chemistry:Fluid; Cryosphere; Geochemistry; GISP2; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Ice Core Records; Isotope; Paleoclimate; Siple Dome; Siple Dome Ice Core", "people": "Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "Siple Dome Ice Core", "title": "Nitrogen and Oxygen Gas Isotopes in the Siple Dome and Byrd Ice Cores, Antarctica", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/609407"}], "date_created": "Fri, 17 Jul 2009 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The award supports the development of high-resolution nitrogen and oxygen isotope records on trapped gases in the Byrd and Siple Dome ice cores, and the Holocene part of the GISP2 ice core. The primary scientific goals of this work are to understand the enigmatic d15N anomalies seen thus far in the Siple Dome record at 15.3 ka and 35 ka, and to find other events that may occur in both cores. At these events, d15N of trapped air approaches zero, implying little or no gravitational fractionation of gases in the firn layer at the time of formation of the ice. These events may represent times of low accumulation rate and arid meteorological conditions, and thus may contain valuable information about the climatic history of West Antarctica. Alternatively, they may stem from crevassing and thus may reveal ice-dynamical processes. Finding the events in the Byrd core, which is located 500 km from Siple Dome, would place powerful constraints on their origin and significance. A second major goal is to explore the puzzling absence of the abrupt warming event at 22 ka (seen at Siple Dome) in the nearby Byrd 18O/16O record in the ice (d18Oice), and search for a possible correlative signal in Byrd d15N. A third goal takes advantage of the fact that precise measurements of the oxygen isotopic composition of atmospheric O2 (d18Oatm) are obtained as a byproduct of the d15N measurement. The proposed gas-isotopic measurements will underpin an integrated suite of West Antarctic climate and atmospheric gas records, which will ultimately include the WAIS Divide core. These records will help separate regional from global climate signals, and may place constraints on the cause of abrupt climate change. Education of two graduate students, and training of two staff members in the laboratory, contribute to the nation\u0027s human resource base. Education and outreach will be an important component of the project.", "east": -119.533333, "geometry": "POINT(-119.533333 -80.016667)", "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e CORERS \u003e CORING DEVICES; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e MASS SPECTROMETERS", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "Antarctica; Paleoclimate; Firn Air Isotopes; Not provided; ice cores; Nitrogen Isotopes; FIELD SURVEYS; LABORATORY; Firn Isotopes; FIELD INVESTIGATION; Siple Dome; Oxygen Isotopes", "locations": "Antarctica; Siple Dome", "north": -80.016667, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD INVESTIGATION; Not provided; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD SURVEYS; OTHER \u003e PHYSICAL MODELS \u003e LABORATORY", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "Siple Dome Ice Core", "south": -80.016667, "title": "Nitrogen and oxygen gas isotopes in the Siple Dome and Byrd ice cores", "uid": "p0000450", "west": -119.533333}, {"awards": "0228052 Kreutz, Karl", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((161.0434 -77.3002,161.241645 -77.3002,161.43989 -77.3002,161.638135 -77.3002,161.83638 -77.3002,162.034625 -77.3002,162.23287 -77.3002,162.431115 -77.3002,162.62936 -77.3002,162.827605 -77.3002,163.02585 -77.3002,163.02585 -77.3784846,163.02585 -77.4567692,163.02585 -77.5350538,163.02585 -77.6133384,163.02585 -77.691623,163.02585 -77.7699076,163.02585 -77.8481922,163.02585 -77.9264768,163.02585 -78.0047614,163.02585 -78.083046,162.827605 -78.083046,162.62936 -78.083046,162.431115 -78.083046,162.23287 -78.083046,162.034625 -78.083046,161.83638 -78.083046,161.638135 -78.083046,161.43989 -78.083046,161.241645 -78.083046,161.0434 -78.083046,161.0434 -78.0047614,161.0434 -77.9264768,161.0434 -77.8481922,161.0434 -77.7699076,161.0434 -77.691623,161.0434 -77.6133384,161.0434 -77.5350538,161.0434 -77.4567692,161.0434 -77.3784846,161.0434 -77.3002))", "dataset_titles": "Late Holocene Climate Variability, Dry Valleys, Antarctica", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "609399", "doi": "10.7265/N5FF3Q92", "keywords": "Antarctica; Borehole Temperature; Chemistry:Ice; Cryosphere; Dry Valleys; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Records; Isotope; Mass Balance; Paleoclimate; Physical Properties", "people": "Kreutz, Karl; Mayewski, Paul A.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Late Holocene Climate Variability, Dry Valleys, Antarctica", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/609399"}], "date_created": "Tue, 21 Oct 2008 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This award supports a project to collect and develop high-resolution ice core records from the Dry Valleys region of Antarctica, and provide interpretations of interannual to decadal-scale climate variability during the last 2000 years (late Holocene). The project will test hypotheses related to ocean/atmosphere teleconnections (e.g., El Nino Southern Oscillation, Antarctic Oscillation) that may be responsible for major late Holocene climate events such as the Little Ice Age in the Southern Hemisphere. Conceptual and quantitative models of these processes in the Dry Valleys during the late Holocene are critical for understanding recent climate changes, and represent the main scientific merit of the project. We plan to collect intermediate-length ice cores (100-200m) at four sites along transects in Taylor Valley and Wright Valley, and analyze each core at high resolution for stable isotopes (d18O, dD), major ions (Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, K+, NH4+, Cl-, NO3-, SO42-, MSA), and trace elements (Al, Fe, S, Sr, B). A suite of statistical techniques will be applied to the multivariate glaciochemical dataset to identify chemical associations and to calibrate the time-series records with available instrumental data. Broader impacts of the project include: 1) contributions to several ongoing interdisciplinary Antarctic research programs; 2) graduate and undergraduate student involvement in field, laboratory, and data interpretation activities; 3) use of project data and ideas in several UMaine courses and outreach activities; and 4) data dissemination through peer-reviewed publications, UMaine and other paleoclimate data archive websites, and presentations at national and international meetings.", "east": 163.02585, "geometry": "POINT(162.034625 -77.691623)", "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e CORERS \u003e CORING DEVICES; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e MASS SPECTROMETERS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e MC-ICP-MS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e RECORDERS/LOGGERS \u003e AWS; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e POSITIONING/NAVIGATION \u003e GPS \u003e GPS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e TEMPERATURE/HUMIDITY SENSORS \u003e HUMIDITY SENSORS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PRESSURE/HEIGHT METERS \u003e PRESSURE SENSORS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e TEMPERATURE/HUMIDITY SENSORS \u003e TEMPERATURE SENSORS", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "FIELD INVESTIGATION; Antarctic Oscillation; glaciochemical; Holocene; Climate Research; Climate; AWS Climate Data; GPS; Paleoclimate; LABORATORY; Climate Variation; Not provided; Climate Change; Dry Valleys; Ice Core Records; Wright Valley; ENSO; ice cores; Antarctica; El Nino Southern Oscillation; Taylor Valley; Little Ice Age; FIELD SURVEYS; variability; Stable Isotopes", "locations": "Antarctica; Dry Valleys; Taylor Valley", "north": -77.3002, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": "PHANEROZOIC \u003e CENOZOIC \u003e QUATERNARY \u003e HOLOCENE", "persons": "Kreutz, Karl; Arcone, Steven; Mayewski, Paul A.", "platforms": "SPACE-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e NAVIGATION SATELLITES \u003e GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) \u003e GPS; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD INVESTIGATION; Not provided; OTHER \u003e PHYSICAL MODELS \u003e LABORATORY; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD SURVEYS", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -78.083046, "title": "Dry Valleys Late Holocene Climate Variability", "uid": "p0000155", "west": 161.0434}, {"awards": "0338244 Schaefer, Joerg", "bounds_geometry": null, "dataset_titles": null, "datasets": null, "date_created": "Mon, 10 Dec 2007 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This project will determine the age, origin, and climatic significance of buried ice found in the western Dry Valleys of Antarctica. Previous studies indicate that this ice may be over a million years in age, making it by far the oldest ice yet discovered on Earth. An alternative view is that this ice is represents recently frozen groundwater. To distinguish between these hypotheses and characterize the ice, we are undertaking an interdisciplinary research program focused on: 1) understanding the surface processes that permit ice preservation; and 2) testing the efficacy of cosmogenic nuclides and 40Ar/39Ar analyses in dating both tills and volcanic ash associated with the ice. Our plan calls for the analysis of a minimum of six cosmogenic depth profiles to determine if and how cryoturbation reworks sublimation tills and assess the average rate of ice sublimation for three debris-covered glaciers. We will model through finite- element analyses at least three buried glaciers and compare flow rates with those based on radiometric dating of surface deposits. Ten ice cores will also be collected for measurement of d18O, dD, ice fabric, ice texture, total gas content/composition. Better understanding of surface processes above buried ice will permit researchers to gain access to a record of atmospheric and climate change that could well cover intervals that predate Quaternary time. The work may also add valuable insight into Martian history. In terms of broader impacts, we have recruited three female PhD students and developed interdisciplinary collaborations among geochemists at Columbia University, planetary geologists at Brown University, geomorphologists at Boston University, and numerical modelers at the University of Maine.", "east": null, "geometry": null, "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e MASS SPECTROMETERS", "is_usap_dc": false, "keywords": "FIELD INVESTIGATION", "locations": null, "north": null, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Earth Sciences", "paleo_time": "PHANEROZOIC \u003e CENOZOIC \u003e QUATERNARY", "persons": "Schaefer, Joerg", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD INVESTIGATION", "repositories": null, "science_programs": null, "south": null, "title": "Collaborative Research: Age, Origin and Climatic Significance of Buried Ice in the Western Dry Valleys, Antarctica", "uid": "p0000255", "west": null}, {"awards": "9526979 White, James", "bounds_geometry": null, "dataset_titles": "Siple Dome Core Date from Measurement of the d18O of Paleoatmospheric Oxygen", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "609123", "doi": "10.7265/N5TX3C95", "keywords": "Antarctica; Chemistry:Ice; Cryosphere; Geochemistry; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Records; Paleoclimate; Siple Dome; Siple Dome Ice Core; WAISCORES", "people": "White, James; Bender, Michael", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "Siple Dome Ice Core", "title": "Siple Dome Core Date from Measurement of the d18O of Paleoatmospheric Oxygen", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/609123"}], "date_created": "Mon, 16 Jun 2003 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This award is for support for a program to measure the stable isotope (deuterium to hydrogen and oxygen-18 to oxygen-16) concentrations of ice cores retrieved from Siple Dome as part of the West Antarctic ice sheet program. In addition, the deuterium excess of samples from the Taylor Dome ice core will be determined. This project will approach the question of rapid climate change using ice cores to determine the history of temperature changes, moisture source changes, and elevational changes in the West Antarctic ice sheet. Results from ice cores taken to date in the interior of Antarctica (East and West) are surprisingly lacking in indications of abrupt climate changes, such as those that have been observed in the GISP2 ice core from Summit, Greenland. This work will address the question of whether rapid climate changes, which are known to have occurred in other parts of the southern hemi-sphere, may have also occurred in the coastal regions of West Antarctica. There is some indication from existing records of isotopes in ice cores that the West Antarctic ice sheet may have flushed ice in the past (as evidenced by large changes in elevation of the ice sheet).", "east": null, "geometry": null, "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e CORERS \u003e CORING DEVICES", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "Antarctica; LABORATORY; WAISCORES; NSIDC; GROUND STATIONS; Siple Coast; Glaciology; Ice Sheet; Snow; isotopes; Siple; d18O; Accumulation; Ice Core; Siple Dome; Stratigraphy; thermometry; Densification; GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS; Not provided", "locations": "Antarctica; Siple Coast; Siple Dome", "north": null, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "White, James; Bender, Michael", "platforms": "OTHER \u003e PHYSICAL MODELS \u003e LABORATORY; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e PERMANENT LAND SITES \u003e GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e PERMANENT LAND SITES \u003e GROUND STATIONS; Not provided", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "Siple Dome Ice Core", "south": null, "title": "Isotopic Measurements on the WAIS/Siple Dome Ice Cores", "uid": "p0000063", "west": null}]

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