{"dp_type": "Project", "free_text": "Satellite Imagery"}
[{"awards": "1744989 LaRue, Michelle", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60))", "dataset_titles": "Detecting climate signals in populations: case of emperor penguin; Emperor penguin population trends (2009-2018); Landfast ice: a major driver of reproductive success in a polar seabird", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "601491", "doi": "10.15784/601491", "keywords": "Antarctica", "people": "Jenouvrier, Stephanie", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Detecting climate signals in populations: case of emperor penguin", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601491"}, {"dataset_uid": "601513", "doi": "10.15784/601513", "keywords": "Antarctica; Breeding Success; Emperor Penguin; Fast Sea Ice", "people": "Labrousse, Sara; Jenouvrier, Stephanie", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Landfast ice: a major driver of reproductive success in a polar seabird", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601513"}, {"dataset_uid": "200410", "doi": "10.5061/dryad.m63xsj48v", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "Dryad", "science_program": null, "title": "Emperor penguin population trends (2009-2018)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.m63xsj48v"}], "date_created": "Thu, 08 Feb 2024 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This project on emperor penguin populations will quantify penguin presence/absence, and colony size and trajectory, across the entire Antarctic continent using high-resolution satellite imagery. For a subset of the colonies, population estimates derived from high-resolution satellite images will be compared with those determined by aerial surveys - these results have been uploaded to MAPPPD (penguinmap.com) and are freely available for use. This validated information will be used to determine population estimates for all emperor penguin colonies through iterations of supervised classification and maximum likelihood calculations on the high-resolution imagery. The effect of spatial, geophysical, and environmental variables on population size and decadal-scale trends will be assessed using generalized linear models. This research will result in a first ever empirical result for emperor penguin population trends and habitat suitability, and will leverage currently-funded NSF infrastructure and hosting sites to publish results in near-real time to the public.", "east": 180.0, "geometry": "POINT(0 -89.999)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "COMMUNITY DYNAMICS; USA/NSF; Amd/Us; USAP-DC; Antarctica; AMD", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "LaRue, Michelle; Ito, Emi; Jenouvrier, Stephanie", "platforms": null, "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "Dryad; USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "A Multi-scale Approach to Understanding Spatial and Population Variability in Emperor Penguins", "uid": "p0010447", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "1543530 van der Veen, Cornelis; 1543533 Johnson, Jesse", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60))", "dataset_titles": null, "datasets": null, "date_created": "Wed, 19 Oct 2022 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Van der Veen/1543530\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThe objective of this research is to gain better understanding of the West Antarctic ice flow in the transition region from grounded ice to floating ice shelves and investigate the conditions that can initiate and sustain major retreat of these glaciers. Several major Antarctic outlet glaciers and ice streams will be investigated using a suite of observational techniques and modeling tools. Glaciers include Thwaites Glacier, which has become a focal point in the discussion of West Antarctic retreat, Whillans Ice Stream as an example of the archetype ice stream, and Byrd Glacier, a major outlet glacier draining East Antarctica through the Transantarctic Mountains into the Ross Ice Shelf. This study will investigate whether the ongoing changes in these glaciers will lead to long-term mass loss (the onset of ice sheet collapse), or whether these glaciers will quickly stabilize with a new geometry. \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eTo adequately incorporate the dynamic behavior of outlet glaciers and ice streams requires inclusion of the relevant physical processes, and the development of regional models that employ a numerical grid with a horizontal grid spacing sufficiently refined to capture smaller-scale bed topographic features that may control the flow of these glaciers. This award revisits the issue of stability of marine-terminating glaciers whose grounding line is located on a retrograded bed slope. In particular, an attempt will be made to resolve the question whether observed rapid changes are the result of perturbations at the terminus or grounding line, or whether these changes reflect ice-dynamical forcing over the grounded reaches. High-resolution satellite imagery will be used to investigate ice-flow perturbations on smaller spatial scales than has been done before, to evaluate the importance of localized sites of high basal resistance on grounding-line stability. This collaborative project involves a range of modeling strategies including force-budget analysis, flow-band modeling, Full Stokes modeling for local studies, and using the Ice Sheet System Model developed at JPL for regional modeling. Broader Impacts include training two graduate students in computer simulations and ice sheet modeling algorithms. The work will also expand on a web-based interactive flowline model, so that it includes more realistic grounding line dynamics.", "east": 180.0, "geometry": "POINT(0 -89.999)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "Ice Sheet Dynamics; MODELS; Iceberg Calving; GLACIERS/ICE SHEETS; Numerical Glacier Modeling; Basal Sliding; Antarctica", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "van der Veen, Cornelis; Stearns, Leigh; Paden, John", "platforms": "OTHER \u003e MODELS", "repositories": null, "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "Collaborative Research: Stability and Dynamics of Antarctic Marine Outlet Glaciers", "uid": "p0010387", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "2040571 Smith, Walker; 2040199 Ainley, David; 2040048 Ballard, Grant", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((164 -74,165.6 -74,167.2 -74,168.8 -74,170.4 -74,172 -74,173.6 -74,175.2 -74,176.8 -74,178.4 -74,180 -74,180 -74.4,180 -74.8,180 -75.2,180 -75.6,180 -76,180 -76.4,180 -76.8,180 -77.2,180 -77.6,180 -78,178.4 -78,176.8 -78,175.2 -78,173.6 -78,172 -78,170.4 -78,168.8 -78,167.2 -78,165.6 -78,164 -78,164 -77.6,164 -77.2,164 -76.8,164 -76.4,164 -76,164 -75.6,164 -75.2,164 -74.8,164 -74.4,164 -74))", "dataset_titles": "Seaglider data from the Western Ross Sea, Antarctica, November 2022-January 2023", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "200418", "doi": "10.5285/0a1c43b9-4738-75e0-e063-6c86abc0ea24", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "BODC", "science_program": null, "title": "Seaglider data from the Western Ross Sea, Antarctica, November 2022-January 2023", "url": "\r\nhttps://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/published_data_library/catalogue/10.5285/0a1c43b9-4738-75e0-e063-6c86abc0ea24\r\n"}], "date_created": "Mon, 25 Oct 2021 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Part I: Non-technical description: \r\nThe Ross Sea, a globally important ecological hotspot, hosts 25-45% of the world populations of Ad\u00e9lie and emperor penguins, South Polar skuas, Antarctic petrels, and Weddell seals. It is also one of the few marine protected areas designated within the Southern Ocean, designed to protect the workings of its ecosystem. To achieve that goal requires participation in an international research and monitoring program, and more importantly integration of what is known about these mesopredators, which is a lot, and the biological oceanography of their habitat, parts of which are also well known. The project will acquire data on these species\u2019 food web dynamics through assessing of Ad\u00e9lie penguin foraging behavior, an indicator species, while multi-sensor ocean gliders autonomously quantify prey abundance and distribution as well as ocean properties, including phytoplankton, at the base of the food web. Additionally, satellite imagery will quantify sea ice and whales (competitors) within the penguins\u2019 foraging area. Seasoned researchers and students will be involved, as will a public outreach program that reaches \u003e200 school groups per field season, and \u003e1M visits to the website of an ongoing, related project. Lessons about ecosystem change, and how it is measured, i.e. the STEM fields, will be emphasized. Results will be distributed to the world science and management communities. \r\n\r\nPart II: Technical description: \r\nThis project, in collaboration with the National Environmental Research Council (UK), assesses food web structure in the southwestern Ross Sea, a major portion of the recently designated Ross Sea Region Marine Protected Area, designed to protect the region\u2019s \u201cfood web structure, dynamics and function.\u201d Success requires in-depth, integated ecological information. The western Ross Sea, especially the marginal ice zone of the Ross Sea Polynya (RSP), supports global populations of iconic and indicator species: 25% of emperor penguins, 30% of Ad\u00e9lie penguins, 50% of South Polar skuas, and 45% of Weddell seals. However, while individually well researched, for these members of the upper food web information has been poorly integrated into understanding of Ross Sea food web dynamics and biogeochemistry. Information from multi-sensor ocean gliders, high-resolution satellite imagery, diet analysis and biologging of penguins, when integrated will facilitate understanding of the preyscape within the intensively investigated biogeochemistry of the RSP. UK participation covers a number of glider functions (e.g., providing a state-of-the-art glider at minimal cost, glider programming, ballasting, and operation) and supplies expertise to evaluate the oceanographic conditions of the study area. Several student will be involved, as well as an existing outreach program in a related penguin research project reaching annually \u003e200 school groups and \u003e1M website visits. \r\n", "east": 180.0, "geometry": "POINT(172 -76)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "USAP-DC; AQUATIC SCIENCES; USA/NSF; Amd/Us; Biologging; AMD; Foraging Ecology; FIELD SURVEYS; Ross Sea; Adelie Penguin", "locations": "Ross Sea", "north": -74.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems; Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems; Antarctic Integrated System Science; Antarctic Integrated System Science; Antarctic Integrated System Science; Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Ainley, David; Santora, Jarrod; Varsani, Arvind; Smith, Walker; Ballard, Grant; Schmidt, Annie", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD SURVEYS", "repo": "BODC", "repositories": "BODC", "science_programs": null, "south": -78.0, "title": "NSFGEO-NERC: Collaborative Research \"P2P: Predators to Plankton -Biophysical Controls in Antarctic Polynyas\"", "uid": "p0010273", "west": 164.0}, {"awards": "2046240 Khan, Alia", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-75 -62,-73.5 -62,-72 -62,-70.5 -62,-69 -62,-67.5 -62,-66 -62,-64.5 -62,-63 -62,-61.5 -62,-60 -62,-60 -62.85,-60 -63.7,-60 -64.55,-60 -65.4,-60 -66.25,-60 -67.1,-60 -67.95,-60 -68.8,-60 -69.65,-60 -70.5,-61.5 -70.5,-63 -70.5,-64.5 -70.5,-66 -70.5,-67.5 -70.5,-69 -70.5,-70.5 -70.5,-72 -70.5,-73.5 -70.5,-75 -70.5,-75 -69.65,-75 -68.8,-75 -67.95,-75 -67.1,-75 -66.25,-75 -65.4,-75 -64.55,-75 -63.7,-75 -62.85,-75 -62))", "dataset_titles": null, "datasets": null, "date_created": "Fri, 10 Sep 2021 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Rapid and persistent climate warming in the Western Antarctic Peninsula is likely resulting in intensified snow-algae growth and an extended bloom season in coastal areas. Similarly, deposition of light absorbing particles (LAPs) onto Antarctica cryosphere surfaces, such as black carbon from intensifying Southern Hemisphere wildfire seasons, and dust from the expansion of ice-free regions in the Antarctic Peninsula, may be increasing. The presence of snow algae blooms and LAPs enhance the absorption of solar radiation by snow and ice surfaces. This positive feedback creates a measurable radiative forcing, which can have immediate local and long-term regional impacts on albedo, snow melt and downstream ecosystems. This project will investigate the spatial and temporal distribution of snow algae, black carbon and dust across the Western Antarctica Peninsula region, their response to climate warming, and their role in regional snow and ice melt. Data will be collected across multiple spatial scales from in situ field measurements and sample collection to imagery from ground-based photos and high resolution multi-spectral satellite sensors. Ground measurements will inform development and application of novel algorithms to map algal bloom extent through time using 0.5-3m spatial resolution multi-spectral satellite imagery. Results will be used to improve snow algae parameterization in a new version of the Snow Ice Aerosol Radiation model (SNICARv3) that includes bio-albedo feedbacks, eventually informing models of ice-free area expansion through incorporation of SNICARv3 in the Community Earth System Model. Citizen scientists will be mentored and engaged in the research through an active partnership with the International Association of Antarctic Tour Operators that frequently visits the region. The cruise ship association will facilitate sampling to develop a unique snow algae observing network to validate remote sensing algorithms that map snow algae with high-resolution multi-spectral satellite imagery from space. These time-series will inform instantaneous and interannual radiative forcing calculations to assess impacts of snow algae and LAPs on regional snow melt. Quantifying the spatio-temporal growing season of snow algae and impacts from black carbon and dust will increase our ability to model their impact on snow melt, regional climate warming and ice-free expansion in the Antarctic Peninsula region.", "east": -60.0, "geometry": "POINT(-67.5 -66.25)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "FIELD SURVEYS; Antarctic Peninsula; Amd/Us; AMD; SNOW/ICE CHEMISTRY; USA/NSF; USAP-DC; SNOW", "locations": "Antarctic Peninsula", "north": -62.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Khan, Alia", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD SURVEYS", "repositories": null, "science_programs": null, "south": -70.5, "title": "CAREER: Coastal Antarctic Snow Algae and Light Absorbing Particles: Snowmelt, Climate and Ecosystem Impacts", "uid": "p0010263", "west": -75.0}, {"awards": "1951603 Lazzara, Matthew", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60))", "dataset_titles": "AMRDC Repository", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "200318", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "AMRDC", "science_program": null, "title": "AMRDC Repository", "url": "https://amrdcdata.ssec.wisc.edu/"}], "date_created": "Tue, 17 Aug 2021 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The Antarctic Meteorological Research and Data Center (AMRDC) project will create an Antarctic meteorological observational data repository and archive system based on an open source platform to manage data from submission to end-user retrieval. The new archival system will host both currently available datasets and campaign meteorological datasets deposited by other Antarctic investigators. Both real-time meteorological data and archive data from the repository (e.g. Antarctic composite satellite imagery, AWS observations, etc.) will be accessible on a newly constructed website. The project will engage undergraduate and graduate students in order to provide them with meaningful experiences that can translate to any science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) career path. Project participants and students will be involved in case studies, climatology reporting and development of whitepapers on related topics.\r\nThe outcomes of this project revolve around data, and the students, researchers, and decision makers who all use and rely on Antarctic meteorological data. The AMRDC will not only be a resource for users, but it will also provide investigators a repository to place campaign datasets and meet NSF standards and requirements. This project also aims to give students Antarctic field experiences who are considering a career in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM).", "east": 180.0, "geometry": "POINT(0 -89.999)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "NOT APPLICABLE; USAP-DC; RADAR IMAGERY; United States Of America; Amd/Us; GLACIAL PROCESSES; Antarctica; ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; SNOW/ICE; AMD; USA/NSF", "locations": "United States Of America; Antarctica", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Lazzara, Matthew; Havens, Jeffrey F", "platforms": "OTHER \u003e NOT APPLICABLE \u003e NOT APPLICABLE", "repo": "AMRDC", "repositories": "AMRDC", "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "Antarctic Meteorological Research and Data Center", "uid": "p0010247", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "1744989 LaRue, Michelle; 1744794 Jenouvrier, Stephanie", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60))", "dataset_titles": "Detecting climate signals in populations: case of emperor penguin; Emperor penguin population trends (2009-2018); Landfast ice: a major driver of reproductive success in a polar seabird", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "200388", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "Github", "science_program": null, "title": "Emperor penguin population trends (2009-2018)", "url": "https://github.com/davidiles/EMPE_Global"}, {"dataset_uid": "601491", "doi": "10.15784/601491", "keywords": "Antarctica", "people": "Jenouvrier, Stephanie", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Detecting climate signals in populations: case of emperor penguin", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601491"}, {"dataset_uid": "601513", "doi": "10.15784/601513", "keywords": "Antarctica; Breeding Success; Emperor Penguin; Fast Sea Ice", "people": "Labrousse, Sara; Jenouvrier, Stephanie", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Landfast ice: a major driver of reproductive success in a polar seabird", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601513"}], "date_created": "Wed, 14 Jul 2021 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This project on emperor penguin populations will quantify penguin presence/absence, and colony size and trajectory, across the entire Antarctic continent using high-resolution satellite imagery. For a subset of the colonies, population estimates derived from high-resolution satellite images will be compared with those determined by aerial surveys - these results have been uploaded to MAPPPD (penguinmap.com) and are freely available for use. This validated information will be used to determine population estimates for all emperor penguin colonies through iterations of supervised classification and maximum likelihood calculations on the high-resolution imagery. The effect of spatial, geophysical, and environmental variables on population size and decadal-scale trends will be assessed using generalized linear models. This research will result in a first ever empirical result for emperor penguin population trends and habitat suitability, and will leverage currently-funded NSF infrastructure and hosting sites to publish results in near-real time to the public.", "east": 180.0, "geometry": "POINT(0 -89.999)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "USA/NSF; Ross Sea; USAP-DC; AMD; COMMUNITY DYNAMICS; Amd/Us", "locations": "Ross Sea", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems; Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "LaRue, Michelle; Ito, Emi; Jenouvrier, Stephanie", "platforms": null, "repo": "Github", "repositories": "Github; USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "A Multi-scale Approach to Understanding Spatial and Population Variability in Emperor Penguins", "uid": "p0010229", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "1543501 Howat, Ian", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60))", "dataset_titles": "The Reference Model of Antarctica", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "200218", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "PGC", "science_program": null, "title": "The Reference Model of Antarctica", "url": "https://www.pgc.umn.edu/data/rema/"}], "date_created": "Tue, 18 May 2021 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The Reference Elevation Model of Antarctica (REMA) is the first continental-scale digital elevation model (DEM) at a resolution of less than 10\u2009m. REMA is created from stereophotogrammetry with submeter resolution optical, commercial satellite imagery. The higher spatial and radiometric resolutions of this imagery enable high-quality surface extraction over the low-contrast ice sheet surface. The DEMs are registered to satellite radar and laser altimetry and are mosaicked to provide a continuous surface covering nearly 95\u2009% the entire continent. The mosaic includes an error estimate and a time stamp, enabling change measurement. Typical elevation errors are less than 1\u2009m, as validated by the comparison to airborne laser altimetry. REMA provides a powerful new resource for Antarctic science and provides a proof of concept for generating accurate high-resolution repeat topography at continental scales.", "east": 180.0, "geometry": "POINT(0 -89.999)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "Topography; AMD; USA/NSF; Amd/Us; USAP-DC; Antarctica; ICE SHEETS; COMPUTERS", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Earth Sciences; Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Howat, Ian; Myoung-Jong Noh, ", "platforms": "OTHER \u003e MODELS \u003e COMPUTERS", "repo": "PGC", "repositories": "PGC", "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "The Reference Elevation Model of Antarctica", "uid": "p0010180", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": null, "bounds_geometry": null, "dataset_titles": "Raw satellite images from NB Palmer and LM Gould Antarctic cruises", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "601313", "doi": "10.15784/601313", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Raw satellite images from NB Palmer and LM Gould Antarctic cruises", "url": "http://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601313"}], "date_created": "Mon, 04 May 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": null, "east": null, "geometry": null, "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "Antarctica; LMG0301; LMG0302; LMG0304; LMG0309; LMG0411; LMG0412; LMG0413A; LMG0414; LMG0502; LMG0511; LMG0512; LMG0514; LMG0605; LMG0610; LMG0611; LMG0611B; LMG0612; LMG0717; LMG0804; LMG0808; LMG0809; LMG0901; LMG0905; LMG0906A; LMG0909; LMG0910; LMG1001; NBP0107; NBP0301; NBP0302; NBP0304A; NBP0305; NBP0305A; NBP0401; NBP0402; NBP0404; NBP0409; NBP0501; NBP0506; NBP0508; NBP0601; NBP0602A; NBP0603; NBP0608; NBP0701; NBP0702; NBP0703; NBP0709; NBP0710; NBP0711; NBP0801; NBP0802; NBP0803; NBP0804; NBP0805; NBP0806; NBP0808; NBP0901; NBP0908; NBP1101; NBP1102; Satellite; Satellite Imagery", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": null, "nsf_funding_programs": null, "paleo_time": null, "persons": null, "platforms": null, "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": null, "title": null, "uid": null, "west": null}, {"awards": "9319854 Bell, Robin; 9319369 Blankenship, Donald; 9319877 Finn, Carol", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-155 -77.5,-150 -77.5,-145 -77.5,-140 -77.5,-135 -77.5,-130 -77.5,-125 -77.5,-120 -77.5,-115 -77.5,-110 -77.5,-105 -77.5,-105 -78.2,-105 -78.9,-105 -79.6,-105 -80.3,-105 -81,-105 -81.7,-105 -82.4,-105 -83.1,-105 -83.8,-105 -84.5,-110 -84.5,-115 -84.5,-120 -84.5,-125 -84.5,-130 -84.5,-135 -84.5,-140 -84.5,-145 -84.5,-150 -84.5,-155 -84.5,-155 -83.8,-155 -83.1,-155 -82.4,-155 -81.7,-155 -81,-155 -80.3,-155 -79.6,-155 -78.9,-155 -78.2,-155 -77.5))", "dataset_titles": "SOAR-BSB Airborne gravity data for the CASERTZ/WAIS project; SOAR-IRE airborne gravity data for the CASERTZ/WAIS project; SOAR-TKD airborne gravity data for the CASERTZ/WAIS project; SOAR-WAZ Airborne gravity data for the CASERTZ/WAIS project", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "601288", "doi": "10.15784/601288", "keywords": "Aerogeophysics; Airborne Gravity; Airplane; Antarctica; Free Air Gravity; Geology/Geophysics - Other; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Gravimeter; Gravity; Gravity Data; Marie Byrd Land; Solid Earth; WAIS", "people": "Bell, Robin; Arko, Robert A.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "SOAR-BSB Airborne gravity data for the CASERTZ/WAIS project", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601288"}, {"dataset_uid": "601289", "doi": "10.15784/601289", "keywords": "Aerogeophysics; Airborne Gravity; Airplane; Antarctica; Free Air Gravity; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Gravimeter; Gravity; Gravity Data; Marie Byrd Land; Potential Field; Solid Earth; WAIS", "people": "Arko, Robert A.; Bell, Robin", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "SOAR-TKD airborne gravity data for the CASERTZ/WAIS project", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601289"}, {"dataset_uid": "601290", "doi": "10.15784/601290", "keywords": "Aerogeophysics; Airborne Gravity; Airplane; Antarctica; Free Air Gravity; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Gravimeter; Gravity; Gravity Data; Marie Byrd Land; Potential Field; Solid Earth; WAIS", "people": "Bell, Robin; Arko, Robert A.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "SOAR-IRE airborne gravity data for the CASERTZ/WAIS project", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601290"}, {"dataset_uid": "601291", "doi": "10.15784/601291", "keywords": "Aerogeophysics; Airborne Gravity; Airplane; Antarctica; Free Air Gravity; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Gravimeter; Gravity; Gravity Data; Marie Byrd Land; Potential Field; Solid Earth; WAIS", "people": "Bell, Robin; Arko, Robert A.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "SOAR-WAZ Airborne gravity data for the CASERTZ/WAIS project", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601291"}], "date_created": "Fri, 24 Apr 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This award supports a project to conduct an integrated geophysical survey over a large portion of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) toward an understanding of the dynamic behavior of the ice sheet and the nature of the lithosphere beneath the ice sheet. West Antarctica is characterized by two kinds of the Earth s most dynamic systems, a continental rift (the West Antarctic Rift System) and a marine based ice sheet (the WAIS). Active continental rift systems, caused by divergent plate motions, result in thinned continental crust. Associated with the thin crust are fault-bounded sedimentary basins, active volcanism, and elevated heat flow. Marine ice sheets are characterized by rapidly moving streams of ice, penetrating and draining a slowly moving ice reservoir. Evidence left by past marine ice sheets indicates that they may have a strongly non- linear response to long-term climate change which results in massive and rapid discharges of ice. Understanding the evolution of the ice stream system and its interaction with the interior ice is the key to understanding this non-linear response. Subglacial geology and ice dynamics are generally studied in isolation, but evidence is mounting that the behavior of the West Antarctic ice streams may be closely linked to the nature of the underlying West Antarctic rift system. The fast moving ice streams appear to glide on a lubricating layer of water-saturated till. This till requires easily eroded sediment and a source of water, both of which may be controlled by the geology of the rift system; the sediments from the fault-bounded basins and the water from the elevated heat flux associated with active lithospheric extension. This project represents an interdisciplinary aerogeophysical study to characterize the lithosphere of the West Antarctic rift system beneath critical regions of the WAIS. The objective is to determine the effects of the rift architect ure, as manifested by the distribution of sedimentary basins and volcanic constructs, on the ice stream system. The research tool is a unique geophysical aircraft with laser altimetry, ice penetrating radar, aerogravity, and aeromagnetic systems integrated with a high precision kinematic GPS navigation system. It is capable of imaging both the surface and bed of the ice sheet while simultaneously measuring the gravity and magnetic signature of the subglacial lithosphere. Work to be done under this award will build on work already completed in the southern sector of central West Antarctica and it will focus on the region of the Byrd Subglacial Basin and Ice Stream D. The ice sheet in these regions is completely covered by satellite imagery and so this project will be integrated with remote sensing studies of the ice stream. The changing dynamics of Ice Stream D, as with other West Antarctic ice streams, seem to be correlated with changes in the morphological provinces of the underlying rift system. The experimental targets proceed from the divide of the interior ice, downstream through the onset of streaming to the trunk of Ice Stream D. This study will be coordinated with surface glaciological investigations of Ice Stream D and will be used to guide cooperative over-snow seismic investigations of the central West Antarctic rift system. The data will also be used to select a site for future deep ice coring along the crest of the WAIS. These data represent baseline data for long term global change monitoring work and represent crucial boundary conditions for ice sheet modeling efforts.", "east": -105.0, "geometry": "POINT(-130 -81)", "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e MAGNETIC/MOTION SENSORS \u003e GRAVIMETERS \u003e GRAVIMETERS", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "USAP-DC; MAGNETIC FIELD; GRAVITY FIELD; Antarctica; GLACIERS/ICE SHEETS; Marie Byrd Land; Airborne Gravity", "locations": "Marie Byrd Land; Antarctica", "north": -77.5, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Earth Sciences; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Earth Sciences; Antarctic Earth Sciences", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Bell, Robin; Blankenship, Donald D.; Finn, C. A.", "platforms": null, "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -84.5, "title": "Collaborative Research: Lithospheric Controls on the Behavior of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet: Corridor Aerogeophysics of Eastern Ross Transect Zone", "uid": "p0010094", "west": -155.0}, {"awards": "1643733 Trusel, Luke; 1643715 Moussavi, Mahsa Sadat", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60))", "dataset_titles": "Supraglacial Lakes in Antarctica", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "601401", "doi": "10.15784/601401", "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Landsat-8; Satellite Imagery; Supraglacial Lake", "people": "Trusel, Luke; Moussavi, Mahsa; Halberstadt, Anna Ruth; Abdalati, Waleed; Pope, Allen", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Supraglacial Lakes in Antarctica", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601401"}], "date_created": "Mon, 16 Mar 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Melting of snow and ice at the surface of the Antarctic ice sheet can lead to the formation of meltwater lakes, an important precursor to ice-shelf collapse and accelerated ice-sheet mass loss. Understanding the present state of Antarctic surface melt provides a baseline to gauge how quickly melt impacts could evolve in the future and to reduce uncertainties in estimates of future sea-level rise. This project will use a suite of complimentary measurements from Earth-observing satellites, ground observations, and numerical climate and ice-shelf models to enhance understanding of surface melt and lakes, as well as the processes linking these systems. The project directly supports the scientific training of a postdoctoral associate and several undergraduate researchers. In addition, it will promote public scientific literacy and the broadening of quantitative skills for high-school students through the development and implementation of an educational unit in a partnership with an education and outreach expert and two high school teachers.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eAccurate prediction of sea-level contributions from Antarctica critically requires understanding current melting and supraglacial lake conditions. This project will quantify Antarctic surface melt and supraglacial lakes, and the linkages between the two phenomena. Scatterometer data will enable generation of a 19-year multi-sensor melt time series. Synthetic aperture radar data will document melt conditions across all Antarctic ice shelves at the highest spatial resolution to date (40 m). Multispectral satellite imagery will be used to delineate and measure the depth of supraglacial lakes--for the first time studying the spatial and temporal variations of Antarctic supraglacial lakes. Melt and lake observations will be compared to identify agreement and disagreement. Melt observations will be used to evaluate biases in a widely used, reanalysis-driven, regional climate model. This model will then be used to examine climatic and glaciological variables associated with supraglacial lakes. Finally, in situ observations and climate model output will drive a numerical model that simulates the entire lifecycle of surface melt and possible subsequent lake formation.", "east": 180.0, "geometry": "POINT(0 -89.999)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "Amd/Us; Supraglacial Lake; ICE SHEETS; Satellite Imagery; LANDSAT; Antarctica; USAP-DC; AMD; USA/NSF; SENTINEL-2A", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Moussavi, Mahsa; Pope, Allen; Trusel, Luke", "platforms": "SPACE-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e EARTH OBSERVATION SATELLITES \u003e LANDSAT \u003e LANDSAT; SPACE-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e EARTH OBSERVATION SATELLITES \u003e SENTINEL-2 \u003e SENTINEL-2A", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "Collaborative Research: Water on the Antarctic Ice Sheet: Quantifying Surface Melt and Mapping Supraglacial Lakes", "uid": "p0010088", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "1744849 Sokol, Eric; 1744785 Barrett, John; 1745053 Salvatore, Mark", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((162.92 -77.56,162.971 -77.56,163.022 -77.56,163.073 -77.56,163.124 -77.56,163.175 -77.56,163.226 -77.56,163.277 -77.56,163.328 -77.56,163.379 -77.56,163.43 -77.56,163.43 -77.571,163.43 -77.582,163.43 -77.593,163.43 -77.604,163.43 -77.615,163.43 -77.626,163.43 -77.637,163.43 -77.648,163.43 -77.659,163.43 -77.67,163.379 -77.67,163.328 -77.67,163.277 -77.67,163.226 -77.67,163.175 -77.67,163.124 -77.67,163.073 -77.67,163.022 -77.67,162.971 -77.67,162.92 -77.67,162.92 -77.659,162.92 -77.648,162.92 -77.637,162.92 -77.626,162.92 -77.615,162.92 -77.604,162.92 -77.593,162.92 -77.582,162.92 -77.571,162.92 -77.56))", "dataset_titles": "McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER: Microbial mat biomass and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values from Lake Fryxell Basin, Antarctica, January 2018", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "200344", "doi": "10.6073/pasta/9acbbde9abc1e013f8c9fd9c383327f4", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "EDI", "science_program": null, "title": "McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER: Microbial mat biomass and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values from Lake Fryxell Basin, Antarctica, January 2018", "url": "https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?packageid=knb-lter-mcm.263.1"}], "date_created": "Wed, 03 Jul 2019 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Microbial mats are found throughout the McMurdo Dry Valleys where summer snowmelt provides liquid water that allows these mats to flourish. Researchers have long studied the environmental conditions microbial mats need to grow. Despite these efforts, it has been difficult to develop a broad picture of these unique ecosystems. Recent advances in satellite technology now provide researchers an exciting new tool to study these special Antarctic ecosystems from space using the unique spectral signatures associated with microbial mats. This new technology not only offers the promise that microbial mats can be mapped and studied from space, this research will also help protect these delicate environments from potentially harmful human impacts that can occur when studying them from the ground. This project will use satellite imagery and spectroscopic techniques to identify and map microbial mat communities and relate their properties and distributions to both field and lab-based measurements. This research provides an exciting new tool to help document and understand the distribution of a major component of the Antarctic ecosystem in the McMurdo Dry Valleys.\r\n\r\nThe goal of this project is to establish quantitative relationships between spectral signatures derived from orbit and the physiological status and biogeochemical properties of microbial mat communities in Taylor Valley, Antarctica, as measured by field and laboratory analyses on collected samples. The goal will be met by (1) refining atmospheric correction techniques using in situ radiometric rectification to derive accurate surface spectra; (2) collecting multispectral orbital images concurrent with in situ sampling and spectral measurements in the field to ensure temporal comparability; (3) measuring sediment, water, and microbial mat samples for organic and inorganic carbon content, essential biogeochemical nutrients, and chlorophyll-a to determine relevant mat characteristics; and (4) quantitatively associating these laboratory-derived characteristics with field-derived and orbital spectral signatures and parameters. The result of this work will be a more robust quantitative link between the distribution of microbial mat communities and their biogeochemical properties to landscape-scale spectral signatures.\r\n\r\nThis award reflects NSF\u0027s statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation\u0027s intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.", "east": 163.43, "geometry": "POINT(163.175 -77.615)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "RIVERS/STREAM; CYANOBACTERIA (BLUE-GREEN ALGAE); USAP-DC; Taylor Valley; INFRARED IMAGERY; WORLDVIEW-2; WORLDVIEW-3; Antarctica; FIELD INVESTIGATION; Amd/Us; ACTIVE LAYER", "locations": "Antarctica; Taylor Valley", "north": -77.56, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems; Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems; Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Salvatore, Mark; Barrett, John; Sokol, Eric", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD INVESTIGATION; SPACE-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e EARTH OBSERVATION SATELLITES \u003e WORLDVIEW \u003e WORLDVIEW-2; SPACE-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e EARTH OBSERVATION SATELLITES \u003e WORLDVIEW \u003e WORLDVIEW-3", "repo": "EDI", "repositories": "EDI", "science_programs": null, "south": -77.67, "title": "COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Remote Characterization of Microbial Mats in Taylor Valley, Antarctica, through In Situ Sampling and Spectral Validation", "uid": "p0010036", "west": 162.92}, {"awards": "1341513 Maksym, Edward; 1543483 Sedwick, Peter; 1341606 Stammerjohn, Sharon; 1341717 Ackley, Stephen; 1341725 Guest, Peter", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-180 -55,-177 -55,-174 -55,-171 -55,-168 -55,-165 -55,-162 -55,-159 -55,-156 -55,-153 -55,-150 -55,-150 -57.3,-150 -59.6,-150 -61.9,-150 -64.2,-150 -66.5,-150 -68.8,-150 -71.1,-150 -73.4,-150 -75.7,-150 -78,-153 -78,-156 -78,-159 -78,-162 -78,-165 -78,-168 -78,-171 -78,-174 -78,-177 -78,180 -78,178 -78,176 -78,174 -78,172 -78,170 -78,168 -78,166 -78,164 -78,162 -78,160 -78,160 -75.7,160 -73.4,160 -71.1,160 -68.8,160 -66.5,160 -64.2,160 -61.9,160 -59.6,160 -57.3,160 -55,162 -55,164 -55,166 -55,168 -55,170 -55,172 -55,174 -55,176 -55,178 -55,-180 -55))", "dataset_titles": "ASPeCt Visual Ice Observations on PIPERS Cruise NBP1704 April-June 2017; Expedition data of NBP1704; Impact of Convective Processes and Sea Ice Formation on the Distribution of Iron in the Ross Sea: Closing the Seasonal Cycle; NBP1704 CTD sensor data; NBP1704 Expedition Data; PIPERS Airborne LiDAR Data; PIPERS Meteorology Rawinsonde Data; PIPERS Meteorology Time Series; PIPERS Noble Gases; Sea Ice Layer Cakes, PIPERS 2017; SUMO unmanned aerial system (UAS) atmospheric data", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "002663", "doi": null, "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "R2R", "science_program": null, "title": "Expedition data of NBP1704", "url": "https://www.rvdata.us/search/cruise/NBP1704"}, {"dataset_uid": "001363", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "R2R", "science_program": null, "title": "NBP1704 Expedition Data", "url": "https://www.rvdata.us/search/cruise/NBP1704"}, {"dataset_uid": "200150", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "BCO-DMO", "science_program": null, "title": "Impact of Convective Processes and Sea Ice Formation on the Distribution of Iron in the Ross Sea: Closing the Seasonal Cycle", "url": "https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/815403"}, {"dataset_uid": "601609", "doi": "10.15784/601609", "keywords": "Antarctica; Chemistry:fluid; Chemistry:Fluid; Mass Spectrometer; NBP1704; Noble Gas; Oceans; Ross Sea; R/v Nathaniel B. Palmer", "people": "Loose, Brice", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "PIPERS Noble Gases", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601609"}, {"dataset_uid": "601183", "doi": "10.15784/601183", "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciology; Ice Concentration; Ice Thickness; Ice Type; NBP1704; Oceans; Ross Sea; R/v Nathaniel B. Palmer; Sea Ice; Snow Depth; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; Visual Observations", "people": "Ackley, Stephen", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "ASPeCt Visual Ice Observations on PIPERS Cruise NBP1704 April-June 2017", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601183"}, {"dataset_uid": "601184", "doi": "10.15784/601184 ", "keywords": "Air Temperature; Antarctica; Atmosphere; Meteorology; Near-Surface Air Temperatures; PIPERS; Radiation; Sea Ice Temperatures; Temperature; Weather Station Data; Wind Direction; Wind Speed", "people": "Guest, Peter", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "PIPERS Meteorology Time Series", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601184"}, {"dataset_uid": "601185", "doi": "10.15784/601185 ", "keywords": "Air Temperature; Antarctica; Atmosphere; Atmospheric Surface Winds; Meteorology; NBP1704; PIPERS; Pressure; Radiosonde; Rawinsonde; Relative Humidity; Ross Sea; R/v Nathaniel B. Palmer; Wind Direction; Wind Speed", "people": "Guest, Peter", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "PIPERS Meteorology Rawinsonde Data", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601185"}, {"dataset_uid": "601188", "doi": "10.15784/601188", "keywords": "Aerogeophysics; Airborne Laser Altimetry; Antarctica; LIDAR; PIPERS; Ross Sea; Sea Ice", "people": "Xie, Hongjie; Bell, Robin; Locke, Caitlin; Bertinato, Christopher; Dhakal, Tejendra", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "PIPERS Airborne LiDAR Data", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601188"}, {"dataset_uid": "601191", "doi": "10.15784/601191", "keywords": "Air Temperature; Antarctica; Atmosphere; Meteorology; NBP1704; PIPERS; R/v Nathaniel B. Palmer; Southern Ocean; Temperature Profiles; UAV; Unmanned Aircraft", "people": "Cassano, John", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "SUMO unmanned aerial system (UAS) atmospheric data", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601191"}, {"dataset_uid": "601207", "doi": "10.15784/601207", "keywords": "Antarctica; Digital Elevation Model; Glaciology; Ice; Ice Thickness; Ice Thickness Distribution; LIDAR; NBP1704; PIPERS; Ross Sea; R/v Nathaniel B. Palmer; Sea Ice; Snow; Snow Depth; Surface Elevation", "people": "Mei, M. Jeffrey; Maksym, Edward; Jeffrey Mei, M.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Sea Ice Layer Cakes, PIPERS 2017", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601207"}, {"dataset_uid": "601422", "doi": "10.15784/601422", "keywords": "Antarctica; CTD; CTD Data; NBP1704; Ocean Profile Data; Ross Sea; R/v Nathaniel B. Palmer; Salinity; Temperature", "people": "Stammerjohn, Sharon", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "NBP1704 CTD sensor data", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601422"}], "date_created": "Mon, 10 Jun 2019 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The one place on Earth consistently showing increases in sea ice area, duration, and concentration is the Ross Sea in Antarctica. Satellite imagery shows about half of the Ross Sea increases are associated with changes in the austral fall, when the new sea ice is forming. The most pronounced changes are also located near polynyas, which are areas of open ocean surrounded by sea ice. To understand the processes driving the sea ice increase, and to determine if the increase in sea ice area is also accompanied by a change in ice thickness, this project will conduct an oceanographic cruise to the polynyas of the Ross Sea in April and May, 2017, which is the austral fall. The team will deploy state of the art research tools including unmanned airborne systems (UASs, commonly called drones), autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), and remotely operated underwater vehicles (ROVs). Using these tools and others, the team will study atmospheric, oceanic, and sea ice properties and processes concurrently. A change in sea ice production will necessarily change the ocean water below, which may have significant consequences for global ocean circulation patterns, a topic of international importance. All the involved institutions will be training students, and all share the goal of expanding climate literacy in the US, emphasizing the role high latitudes play in the Earth\u0027s dynamic climate.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThe main goal of the project is to improve estimates of sea ice production and water mass transformation in the Ross Sea. The team will fully capture the spatial and temporal changes in air-ice-ocean interactions when they are initiated in the austral fall, and then track the changes into the winter and spring using ice buoys, and airborne mapping with the newly commissioned IcePod instrument system, which is deployed on the US Antarctic Program\u0027s LC-130 fleet. The oceanographic cruise will include stations in and outside of both the Terra Nova Bay and Ross Ice Shelf polynyas. Measurements to be made include air-sea boundary layer fluxes of heat, freshwater, and trace gases, radiation, and meteorology in the air; ice formation processes, ice thickness, snow depth, mass balance, and ice drift within the sea ice zone; and temperature, salinity, and momentum in the ocean below. Following collection of the field data, the team will improve both model parameterizations of air-sea-ice interactions and remote sensing algorithms. Model parameterizations are needed to determine if sea-ice production has increased in crucial areas, and if so, why (e.g., stronger winds or fresher oceans). The remote sensing validation will facilitate change detection over wider areas and verify model predictions over time. Accordingly this project will contribute to the international Southern Ocean Observing System (SOOS) goal of measuring essential climate variables continuously to monitor the state of the ocean and ice cover into the future.", "east": -150.0, "geometry": "POINT(-175 -66.5)", "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e CTD; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e ACTIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e LIDAR/LASER SOUNDERS \u003e LIDAR; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e CHEMICAL METERS/ANALYZERS \u003e FLUOROMETERS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e MAGNETIC/MOTION SENSORS \u003e GRAVIMETERS \u003e GRAVIMETERS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e RECORDERS/LOGGERS \u003e AWS; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e POSITIONING/NAVIGATION \u003e GPS \u003e GPS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e XBT; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e ACTIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e ACOUSTIC SOUNDERS \u003e ECHO SOUNDERS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e ACOUSTIC SOUNDERS \u003e MBES; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e THERMOSALINOGRAPHS", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "OCEAN MIXED LAYER; TRACE ELEMENTS; CARBON DIOXIDE; ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION; ICE GROWTH/MELT; AMD; BOUNDARY LAYER TEMPERATURE; SULFUR COMPOUNDS; NBP1704; HEAT FLUX; ICE DEPTH/THICKNESS; R/V NBP; USA/NSF; BOUNDARY LAYER WINDS; SNOW DEPTH; VERTICAL PROFILES; METHANE; POLYNYAS; CONDUCTIVITY; SEA ICE; Ross Sea; WATER MASSES; TURBULENCE; USAP-DC; Amd/Us", "locations": "Ross Sea", "north": -55.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Integrated System Science; Antarctic Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences; Antarctic Instrumentation and Support; Antarctic Integrated System Science; Antarctic Integrated System Science; Antarctic Integrated System Science", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Ackley, Stephen; Bell, Robin; Weissling, Blake; Nuss, Wendell; Maksym, Edward; Stammerjohn, Sharon; Cassano, John; Guest, Peter; Sedwick, Peter; Xie, Hongjie", "platforms": "WATER-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e VESSELS \u003e SURFACE \u003e R/V NBP", "repo": "R2R", "repositories": "BCO-DMO; R2R; USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -78.0, "title": "Collaborative Research: Seasonal Sea Ice Production in the Ross Sea, Antarctica", "uid": "p0010032", "west": 160.0}, {"awards": "1637708 Gooseff, Michael", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((160 -77.25,160.5 -77.25,161 -77.25,161.5 -77.25,162 -77.25,162.5 -77.25,163 -77.25,163.5 -77.25,164 -77.25,164.5 -77.25,165 -77.25,165 -77.375,165 -77.5,165 -77.625,165 -77.75,165 -77.875,165 -78,165 -78.125,165 -78.25,165 -78.375,165 -78.5,164.5 -78.5,164 -78.5,163.5 -78.5,163 -78.5,162.5 -78.5,162 -78.5,161.5 -78.5,161 -78.5,160.5 -78.5,160 -78.5,160 -78.375,160 -78.25,160 -78.125,160 -78,160 -77.875,160 -77.75,160 -77.625,160 -77.5,160 -77.375,160 -77.25))", "dataset_titles": "EDI Data Portal: McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER; McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER Data Repository", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "200036", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "LTER", "science_program": null, "title": "McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER Data Repository", "url": "http://mcm.lternet.edu/power-search/data-set"}, {"dataset_uid": "200037", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "EDI", "science_program": null, "title": "EDI Data Portal: McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER", "url": "https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/browseServlet?searchValue=MCM"}], "date_created": "Fri, 31 May 2019 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, are a mosaic of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in a cold desert. The McMurdo Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project has been observing these ecosystems since 1993 and this award will support key long-term measurements, manipulation experiments, synthesis, and modeling to test current theories on ecosystem structure and function. Data collection is focused on meteorology and physical and biological dimensions of soils, streams, lakes, glaciers, and permafrost. The long-term measurements show that biological communities have adapted to the seasonally cold, dark, and arid conditions that prevail for all but a short period in the austral summer. Physical (climate and geological) drivers impart a dynamic connectivity among portions of the Dry Valley landscape over seasonal to millennial time scales. For instance, lakes and soils have been connected through cycles of lake-level rise and fall over the past 20,000 years while streams connect glaciers to lakes over seasonal time scales. Overlaid upon this physical system are biotic communities that are structured by the environment and by the movement of individual organisms within and between the glaciers, streams, lakes, and soils. The new work to be conducted at the McMurdo LTER site will explore how the layers of connectivity in the McMurdo Dry Valleys influence ecosystem structure and function. \r\n\r\nThis project will test the hypothesis that increased ecological connectivity following enhanced melt conditions within the McMurdo Dry Valleys ecosystem will amplify exchange of biota, energy, and matter, homogenizing ecosystem structure and functioning. This hypothesis will be tested with new and continuing experiments that examine: 1) how climate variation alters connectivity among landscape units, and 2) how biota are connected across a heterogeneous landscape using state-of-the-science tools and methods including automated sensor networks, analysis of seasonal satellite imagery, biogeochemical analyses, and next-generation sequencing. McMurdo LTER education programs and outreach activities will be continued, and expanded with new programs associated with the 200th anniversary of the first recorded sightings of Antarctica. These activities will advance societal understanding of how polar ecosystems respond to change. McMurdo LTER will continue its mission of training and mentoring students, postdocs, and early career scientists as the next generation of leaders in polar ecosystem science, and lead the development of international environmental stewardship protocols for human activities in the region.", "east": 165.0, "geometry": "POINT(162.5 -77.875)", "instruments": "NOT APPLICABLE \u003e NOT APPLICABLE \u003e NOT APPLICABLE", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONS; NOT APPLICABLE; Antarctica; RIVERS/STREAM; USAP-DC; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; LAKE/POND; Polar", "locations": "Antarctica; Polar", "north": -77.25, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Integrated System Science", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Gooseff, Michael N.; Takacs-Vesbach, Cristina; Howkins, Adrian; McKnight, Diane; Doran, Peter; Adams, Byron; Barrett, John; Morgan-Kiss, Rachael; Priscu, John", "platforms": "OTHER \u003e NOT APPLICABLE \u003e NOT APPLICABLE", "repo": "LTER", "repositories": "EDI; LTER", "science_programs": "LTER", "south": -78.5, "title": "LTER: Ecosystem Response to Amplified Landscape Connectivity in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica", "uid": "p0010031", "west": 160.0}, {"awards": "1758224 Salvatore, Mark", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-180 -83,-178 -83,-176 -83,-174 -83,-172 -83,-170 -83,-168 -83,-166 -83,-164 -83,-162 -83,-160 -83,-160 -83.4,-160 -83.8,-160 -84.2,-160 -84.6,-160 -85,-160 -85.4,-160 -85.8,-160 -86.2,-160 -86.6,-160 -87,-162 -87,-164 -87,-166 -87,-168 -87,-170 -87,-172 -87,-174 -87,-176 -87,-178 -87,180 -87,178 -87,176 -87,174 -87,172 -87,170 -87,168 -87,166 -87,164 -87,162 -87,160 -87,160 -86.6,160 -86.2,160 -85.8,160 -85.4,160 -85,160 -84.6,160 -84.2,160 -83.8,160 -83.4,160 -83,162 -83,164 -83,166 -83,168 -83,170 -83,172 -83,174 -83,176 -83,178 -83,-180 -83))", "dataset_titles": "Laboratory Hyperspectral Reflectance Data of Central Transantarctic Mountain Rocks and Sediments; Orbital imagery used for SpecMap project", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "601163", "doi": "10.15784/601163", "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Remote Sensing; Rocks; Solid Earth; Spectroscopy; Transantarctic Mountains", "people": "Salvatore, Mark", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Laboratory Hyperspectral Reflectance Data of Central Transantarctic Mountain Rocks and Sediments", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601163"}, {"dataset_uid": "002735", "doi": null, "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "PGC", "science_program": null, "title": "Orbital imagery used for SpecMap project", "url": "https://www.pgc.umn.edu/projects/specmap/"}], "date_created": "Thu, 14 Mar 2019 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Intellectual Merit:\u003cbr/\u003eIce free rock outcrops in the Transantarctic Mountains provide the only accessible windows into the interior of the ice covered Antarctic continent; they are extremely remote and difficult to study. This region also hosts the highest latitude ice-free valley systems on the planet. Based on two interdisciplinary workshops, the Transantarctic region near the Shackleton Glacier has been identified as a high priority site for further studies, with a field camp proposed for the 2015-2016 Antarctic field season. The geology of this region has been studied since the heroic era of Antarctic exploration, in the early 1900s, but geologic mapping has not been updated in more than forty years, and existing maps are at poor resolution (typically 1:250,000).\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThis project would utilize the WorldView-2 multispectral orbital dataset to supplement original geologic mapping efforts near the proposed 2015-2016 Shackleton Glacier camp. The WorldView-2 satellite is the only multispectral orbiting sensor capable of imaging the entirety of the Transantarctic Mountains, and all necessary data are currently available to the Polar Geospatial Center. High-latitude atmospheric correction of multispectral data for geologic investigations has only recently been tested, but has never been applied to WorldView-2 data, and never for observations of this type. Therefore, this research will require technique refinements and methodological developements to accomplish the goals. Atmospheric correction refinements and spectral validation will be made possible by laboratory spectroscopic measurements of rock samples currently stored at the U.S. Polar Rock Repository, at the Ohio State University. This project will result in spectral unit identification and boundary mapping at a factor of four higher resolution (1:62,500) than previous geologic mapping efforts, and more detailed investigations (1:5,123) are possible at resolutions more than a factor of forty-eight improved over previous geologic maps. Validated spectral mapping at these improved resolutions will allow for detailed lithologic, and potentially biologic, mapping using existing satellite imagery. This will greatly enhance planning capabilities, thus maximizing the efficiency of the scientific research and support logistics associated with the Shackleton Glacier deep field camp.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eBroader impacts:\u003cbr/\u003eThe proposed work will have multiple impacts on the broader scientific community. First, the refinement of existing atmospheric correction methodologies, and the development of new spectral mapping techniques, may substantially improve our ability to remotely investigate geologic surfaces throughout Antarctica. The ability to validate this orbital dataset will be of use to both current and future geologic, environmental, and biologic studies, potentially across the entire continent. The project will yield a specific spectral mapping product (at a scale of 1:62,500) to the scientific community by a targeted date of 01 March 2014, in order to support proposals submitted to the National Science Foundation for the proposed 2015/2016 Shackleton Glacier camp. High-resolution spectral mapping products (up to a maximum resolution of 2 meters per pixel) will also be generated for regions of particular scientific interest. The use of community based resources, such as Polar Geospatial Center (PGC) imagery and U.S. Polar Rock Repository rock samples, will generate new synergistic and collaborative research possibilities within the Antarctic research community. In addition, the lead PI (Salvatore) is an early career scientist who is active in both Antarctic and planetary remote sensing. There are overlaps in the calibration, correction, and validation of remote spectral datasets for Antarctic and planetary applications which can lead to benefits and insights to an early career PI, as well as the two communities.", "east": -160.0, "geometry": "POINT(180 -85)", "instruments": "NOT APPLICABLE \u003e NOT APPLICABLE \u003e NOT APPLICABLE", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "NOT APPLICABLE; Antarctica; GEOCHEMISTRY; LANDSCAPE; REFLECTED INFRARED; USAP-DC", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -83.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Earth Sciences", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Salvatore, Mark", "platforms": "OTHER \u003e NOT APPLICABLE \u003e NOT APPLICABLE", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "PGC; USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -87.0, "title": "EAGER: Surface Variability and Spectral Analyses of the Central Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica", "uid": "p0010020", "west": 160.0}, {"awards": "1443126 MacAyeal, Douglas", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((166.1631 -77.9007,166.19736 -77.9007,166.23162 -77.9007,166.26588 -77.9007,166.30014 -77.9007,166.3344 -77.9007,166.36866 -77.9007,166.40292 -77.9007,166.43718 -77.9007,166.47144 -77.9007,166.5057 -77.9007,166.5057 -77.90423,166.5057 -77.90776,166.5057 -77.91129,166.5057 -77.91482,166.5057 -77.91835,166.5057 -77.92188,166.5057 -77.92541,166.5057 -77.92894,166.5057 -77.93247,166.5057 -77.936,166.47144 -77.936,166.43718 -77.936,166.40292 -77.936,166.36866 -77.936,166.3344 -77.936,166.30014 -77.936,166.26588 -77.936,166.23162 -77.936,166.19736 -77.936,166.1631 -77.936,166.1631 -77.93247,166.1631 -77.92894,166.1631 -77.92541,166.1631 -77.92188,166.1631 -77.91835,166.1631 -77.91482,166.1631 -77.91129,166.1631 -77.90776,166.1631 -77.90423,166.1631 -77.9007))", "dataset_titles": "McMurdo Ice Shelf AWS data; McMurdo Ice Shelf GPS survey of vertical motion; Supraglacial Lake Depths on McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica; Time-lapse video of McMurdo Ice Shelf surface melting and hydrology", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "601113", "doi": "10.15784/601113", "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Shelf; Photo/video; Photo/Video; Supraglacial Meltwater", "people": "Banwell, Alison; MacAyeal, Douglas", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Time-lapse video of McMurdo Ice Shelf surface melting and hydrology", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601113"}, {"dataset_uid": "601116", "doi": "10.15784/601116", "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Shelf; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; Subglacial And Supraglacial Water Depth; Supraglacial Lake; Supraglacial Meltwater; Water Depth", "people": "Banwell, Alison; MacAyeal, Douglas", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Supraglacial Lake Depths on McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601116"}, {"dataset_uid": "601106", "doi": "10.15784/601106", "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Hydrology; Ice Shelf; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; Surface Hydrology; Surface Mass Balance; Weather Station Data", "people": "Banwell, Alison; MacAyeal, Douglas", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "McMurdo Ice Shelf AWS data", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601106"}, {"dataset_uid": "601107", "doi": "10.15784/601107", "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; GPS; Ice Flow Velocity; Ice Shelf; Ice-Shelf Flexure; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; Surface Melt", "people": "MacAyeal, Douglas; Banwell, Alison", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "McMurdo Ice Shelf GPS survey of vertical motion", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601107"}], "date_created": "Tue, 24 Jul 2018 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Meltwater lakes that sit on top of Antarctica\u0027s floating ice shelves have likely contributed to the dramatic changes seen in Antarctica\u0027s glacial ice cover over the past two decades. In 2002, the 1,600-square-kilometer Larsen B Ice Shelf located on the Eastern side of the Antarctic Peninsula, for example, broke into thousands of small icebergs, which subsequently floated away as a result of the formation of more than 2,000 meltwater lakes on its surface over the prior decade. Our research project addresses the reasons why surface lakes form on Antarctic ice shelves and how these surface lakes subsequently contribute to the forces that may contribute to ice-shelf breakup like that of the Larsen B. Our project focuses primarily on making precise global positioning system (GPS) measurements of ice-shelf bending in response to the filling and draining of a surface lake on the McMurdo Ice Shelf. The observed vertical displacements (on the order of tens of centimeters) in response to lake filling will be used to calibrate and test computer simulation models that predict the response of ice shelves to surface lakes more generally and in a variety of future climate conditions. Our project will make hourly measurements of both vertical ice-shelf movements (using GPS surveying instruments) and of temperature and sunlight conditions (that drive melting) around a surface lake located close to the McMurdo Station airfield. Following this initial data-gathering effort, computer simulations and other more theoretical analysis will be undertaken to determine the suitability of the chosen McMurdo Ice Shelf surface lake as a field-laboratory for continued study. Ultimately, the research will contribute to understanding of the glaciological processes that link climate change to rising sea level. A successful outcome of the research will allow glaciologists to better assess the processes that promote or erode the influence Antarctic ice shelves have in controlling the transfer of ice from the interior of Antarctica into the ocean. The project will undertake two outreach activities: (1) web-posting of a field-activity journal and (2) establishing an open-access glaciological teaching and outreach web-sharing site for the International Glaciological Society.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThe proposed project seeks to experimentally verify a theory of ice-shelf instability proposed to explain the explosive break-up of Larsen B Ice Shelf in 2002. This theory holds that the filling and draining of supraglacial lakes on floating ice shelves induces sufficient flexure stress within the ice to (a) induce upward/downward propagating fractures originating at the base/surface of the ice shelf that (b) dissect the ice shelf into fragments that tend to have widths less than about half the ice thickness. The significance of narrow widths is that they promote capsize of the ice-shelf fragments during the break-up process. This capsize releases large amounts of gravitational potential energy (comparable to thousands of kilotons of TNT for the Larsen B Ice Shelf) thereby promoting explosiveness of the Larsen B event. The observational motivation for experimentally verifying the surface-lake mechanism for ice-shelf breakup is based on the fact that \u003e2,000 surface lakes developed on the Larsen B Ice Shelf in the decade prior to its break up, and that these lakes were observed (via satellite imagery) to drain in a coordinated fashion during the day prior to the initiation of the break up.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThe field-observation component of the project will focus on a supraglacial lake on the McMurdo Ice Shelf where there is persistent summer season surface melting. The lake will be studied during a single provisional field season to determine whether grooming of surrounding surface streams and shorelines with heavy construction equipment will allow surface water to be manually encouraged to fill the lake. If successfully encouraged to develop, the McMurdo Ice Shelf surface lake will allow measurements of key ice-shelf flexure and stress variables needed to develop the theory of ice-shelf surface lakes without having to access the much more logistically demanding surface lakes of ice-shelves located elsewhere in Antarctica. Data to be gathered during the 6-week provisional field season include: energy- and water-balance parameters determining how the surface lake grows and fills, and various global positioning system measurements of the vertical bending of the ice sheet in response to the changing meltwater load contained within the surface lake. These data will be used to (1) constrain a computer model of viscoelastic flexure and possible fracture of the ice shelf in response to the increasing load of meltwater in the lake, and (2) determine whether continued study of the incipient surface-meltwater lake features on the McMurdo Ice Shelf provides a promising avenue for constraining the more-general behavior of surface meltwater lakes on other ice shelves located in warmer parts of Antarctica. Computer models constrained by the observational data obtained from the field project will inform energy- and water-balance models of ice shelves in general, and allow more accurate forecasts of changing ice-shelf conditions surrounding the inland ice of Antarctica. The project will create the first-ever ground-based observations useful for spawning the development of models capable of predicting viscoelastic and fracture behavior of ice shelves in response to supraglacial lake evolution, including slow changes due to energy balance effects, as well as fast changes due to filling and draining.", "east": 166.5057, "geometry": "POINT(166.3344 -77.91835)", "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e RECORDERS/LOGGERS \u003e AWS", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "USAP-DC; AWOS", "locations": null, "north": -77.9007, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "MacAyeal, Douglas", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e PERMANENT LAND SITES \u003e AWOS", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -77.936, "title": "Impact of Supraglacial Lakes on Ice-Shelf Stability", "uid": "p0000138", "west": 166.1631}, {"awards": "1043554 Willenbring, Jane", "bounds_geometry": "POINT(161.5 -77.5)", "dataset_titles": "Activation of high-elevation alluvial fans in the Transantarctic Mountains - a proxy for Plio-Pleistocene warmth along East Antarctic ice margins", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "600379", "doi": "10.15784/600379", "keywords": "Antarctica; Chemistry:rock; Chemistry:Rock; Cosmogenic Radionuclides; Geochronology; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Isotope; Sample/collection Description; Sample/Collection Description; Transantarctic Mountains", "people": "Willenbring, Jane", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Activation of high-elevation alluvial fans in the Transantarctic Mountains - a proxy for Plio-Pleistocene warmth along East Antarctic ice margins", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/600379"}], "date_created": "Wed, 09 Nov 2016 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Intellectual Merit: \u003cbr/\u003eThe PIs propose to address the question of whether ice surface melting zones developed at high elevations during warm climatic phases in the Transantarctic Mountains. Evidence from sediment cores drilled by the ANDRILL program indicates that open water in the Ross Sea could have been a source of warmth during Pliocene and Pleistocene. The question is whether marine warmth penetrated inland to the ice sheet margins. The glacial record may be ill suited to answer this question, as cold-based glaciers may respond too slowly to register brief warmth. Questions also surround possible orbital controls on regional climate and ice sheet margins. Northern Hemisphere insolation at obliquity and precession timescales is thought to control Antarctic climate through oceanic or atmospheric connections, but new thinking suggests that the duration of Southern Hemisphere summer may be more important. The PIs propose to use high elevation alluvial deposits in the Transantarctic Mountains as a proxy for inland warmth. These relatively young fans, channels, and debris flow levees stand out as visible evidence for the presence of melt water in an otherwise ancient, frozen landscape. Based on initial analyses of an alluvial fan in the Olympus Range, these deposits are sensitive recorders of rare melt events that occur at orbital timescales. For their study they will 1) map alluvial deposits using aerial photography, satellite imagery and GPS assisted field surveys to establish water sources and to quantify parameters effecting melt water production, 2) date stratigraphic sequences within these deposits using OSL, cosmogenic nuclide, and interbedded volcanic ash chronologies, 3) use paired nuclide analyses to estimate exposure and burial times, and rates of deposition and erosion, and 4) use micro and regional scale climate modeling to estimate paleoenvironmental conditions associated with melt events.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eBroader impacts: \u003cbr/\u003eThis study will produce a record of inland melting from sites adjacent to ice sheet margins to help determine controls on regional climate along margins of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet to aid ice sheet and sea level modeling studies. The proposal will support several graduate and undergraduates. A PhD student will be supported on existing funding. The PIs will work with multiple K 12 schools to conduct interviews and webcasts from Antarctica and they will make follow up visits to classrooms after the field season is complete.", "east": 161.5, "geometry": "POINT(161.5 -77.5)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "Not provided", "locations": null, "north": -77.5, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Earth Sciences", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Willenbring, Jane", "platforms": "Not provided", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -77.5, "title": "Collaborative Research: Activation of high-elevation alluvial fans in the Transantarctic Mountains - a proxy for Plio-Pleistocene warmth along East Antarctic ice margins", "uid": "p0000429", "west": 161.5}, {"awards": "1043649 Hock, Regine", "bounds_geometry": null, "dataset_titles": "King George and Livingston Islands: Velocities and Digital Elevation Model", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "609667", "doi": "10.7265/N5R49NR1", "keywords": "Antarctica; Antarctic Peninsula; Digital Elevation Model; Geology/Geophysics - Other; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Thickness; Ice Velocity", "people": "Osmanoglu, Batuhan; Hock, Regine", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "King George and Livingston Islands: Velocities and Digital Elevation Model", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/609667"}], "date_created": "Wed, 17 Feb 2016 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "1043649/Braun\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThis award supports a project to determine the current mass balance of selected glaciers of the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) and adjacent islands, including King George Island and Livingston Island. A major goal is to discriminate the climatic and dynamic components of the current mass budget. The dynamic component will be assessed using a flux gate approach. Glacier velocity fields will be derived by offset tracking on repeat SAR satellite imagery, and ice thicknesses across grounding lines or near terminus will be approximated from a new methods based on mass continuity. The surface mass balance will be computed from a spatially distributed temperature-index mass-balance model forced by temperature and precipitation data from regional climate models. Our results will provide improved mass budget estimates of Western Antarctic Peninsula glaciers and a more thorough understanding of the ratio between the climatic and dynamic components. The techniques to be developed will be applicable to other glaciers in the region allowing regional scale mass budgets to be derived. The broader impacts of this work are that glacier wastage is currently the most important contributor to global sea level rise and the Antarctic Peninsula has been identified as one of the largest single contributors. Future sea-level rise has major societal, economic and ecological implications. The activity will foster new partnerships through collaboration with European and South American colleagues. The project will form the base of of a postdoctoral research fellowship. It will also provide training of undergraduate and graduate students through inclusion of data and results in course curriculums.", "east": null, "geometry": null, "instruments": "EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e ACTIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e IMAGING RADARS \u003e PALSAR", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "ALOS; Digital Elevation Model", "locations": null, "north": null, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Integrated System Science; Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Hock, Regine; Osmanoglu, Batuhan", "platforms": "SPACE-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e EARTH OBSERVATION SATELLITES \u003e ADVANCED LAND OBSERVING SATELLITE (ALOS) \u003e ALOS", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": null, "title": "Contribution of Western Antarctic Peninsula glaciers to sea level rise: Separation of the dynamic and climatic components", "uid": "p0000054", "west": null}, {"awards": "1144224 Marchant, David", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((160 -71.5,161 -71.5,162 -71.5,163 -71.5,164 -71.5,165 -71.5,166 -71.5,167 -71.5,168 -71.5,169 -71.5,170 -71.5,170 -72.15,170 -72.8,170 -73.45,170 -74.1,170 -74.75,170 -75.4,170 -76.05,170 -76.7,170 -77.35,170 -78,169 -78,168 -78,167 -78,166 -78,165 -78,164 -78,163 -78,162 -78,161 -78,160 -78,160 -77.35,160 -76.7,160 -76.05,160 -75.4,160 -74.75,160 -74.1,160 -73.45,160 -72.8,160 -72.15,160 -71.5))", "dataset_titles": null, "datasets": null, "date_created": "Fri, 23 Oct 2015 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Intellectual Merit: \u003cbr/\u003eThe PIs propose a two-year project to map the distribution of climate-sensitive landforms throughout Northern Victoria Land between the Convoy Range and Cape Adare. This work will produce geospatial products to aid their geomorphic work on ice sheet stability and landscape evolution. Specifically, the PI will investigate the potential for extensive surface melting and ice-sheet retreat with modest warming in areas north of the Convoy Range in Northern Victoria Land. The hypothesis is that if key landform elements of the Dry Valleys assemblage are lacking in NVL it suggests a major variation in current climate conditions, and perhaps changes in climate evolution. The proposed work will also benefit the broader research community, as it will demonstrate the potential for using geospatial imagery in geomorphic research and produce geospatial products that can be used by other researchers. \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eBroader impacts: \u003cbr/\u003eThis work will help the research community better leverage the investment being made in the Polar Geospatial Center (PGC) and will help further demonstrate the significance of satellite imagery for doing ?virtual? field work in the Polar regions. More effective use of satellite imagery by field scientists in Antarctica will help reduce the logistical footprint on the Continent. The proposed research will support one graduate student at Boston University who will be trained in image analysis, map production, Antarctic geomorphology, and geospatial technologies. The proposed work will help to forge stronger links between PGC and Boston University?s Digital Image Analyses Lab (DIAL).", "east": 170.0, "geometry": "POINT(165 -74.75)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": false, "keywords": "Bu/es Data Repository; Not provided", "locations": null, "north": -71.5, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Earth Sciences", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Marchant, David", "platforms": "Not provided", "repositories": null, "science_programs": null, "south": -78.0, "title": "Geomorphic investigations of Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica", "uid": "p0000231", "west": 160.0}, {"awards": "0636883 Bell, Robin", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((20 -75,23 -75,26 -75,29 -75,32 -75,35 -75,38 -75,41 -75,44 -75,47 -75,50 -75,50 -76.5,50 -78,50 -79.5,50 -81,50 -82.5,50 -84,50 -85.5,50 -87,50 -88.5,50 -90,47 -90,44 -90,41 -90,38 -90,35 -90,32 -90,29 -90,26 -90,23 -90,20 -90,20 -88.5,20 -87,20 -85.5,20 -84,20 -82.5,20 -81,20 -79.5,20 -78,20 -76.5,20 -75))", "dataset_titles": "Data portal at Lamont for airborne data", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "000111", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "PI website", "science_program": null, "title": "Data portal at Lamont for airborne data", "url": "http://wonder.ldeo.columbia.edu/wordpress/"}], "date_created": "Tue, 02 Apr 2013 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Bell/0636883\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThis award support a project to study the role that subglacial water plays in the overall stability of major ice sheets. An estimated 22,000 km3 of water is currently stored within Antarctica\u0027s subglacial lakes. Movement of this water occurs through a complex and largely inferred drainage system in both East and West Antarctica. Geomorphic evidence for the catastrophic drainage of subglacial lakes documents repeated events. These major flood events appear to have drained the largest subglacial lakes situated in the relatively stable interior of the East Antarctic ice sheet. Emerging evidence suggests there is a close connection between significant subglacial lakes and the onset of the Recovery Ice Stream one of the largest in East Antarctica. Our preliminary analysis of the Recovery Lakes region, East Antarctica suggests a direct linkage between lakes and streaming ice flow, specifically the 800 km long Recovery Ice Stream and its tributaries. Located just upslope of the Recovery Ice Stream, the Recovery Lakes Region is composed of 3 well-defined lakes and a fourth, ambiguous, \u0027lake-like\u0027 feature. While other large lakes have a localized impact on ice surface slope, the Recovery Lakes Region lakes are coincident with an abrupt regional change in the ice sheet surface slope. Satellite imagery demonstrates that the downslope margin of this lake area contains distinct flow strips and crevasses: both indicative of increasing ice velocities. The discovery of a series of large lakes coincident with the onset of rapid ice flow in East Antarctica clearly links subglacial lakes and ice sheet dynamics for the first time. The evidence linking the onset of streaming in the Recovery Drainage Ice Stream to the series of large subglacial lakes raises the fundamental question: How can subglacial lakes trigger the onset of ice streaming? We advance two possible mechanisms: (i) Subglacial lakes can produce accelerated ice flow through the drainage of lake water beneath the ice sheet downslope of the lakes. (ii) Subglacial lakes can produce accelerated ice flow accelerated ice flow by modifying the basal thermal gradient via basal accretion over the lakes so when the ice sheet regrounds basal melting dominates. To evaluate the contribution of lake water and the changing basal thermal gradient, we propose an integrated program incorporating satellite imagery analysis, a series of reconnaissance aerogeophysical profiles over the Recovery Lake Region and the installation of continuous GPS sites over the Recovery Lakes. This analysis and new data will enable us (1) to produce a velocity field over the Recovery Lakes Region, (2) to map the ice thickness changes over the lakes due to acceleration triggered thinning, basal melting and freezing, (3) determine the depth and possible the tectonic origin of the Recovery Lakes and (4) determine the stability of these lakes over time. These basic data sets will enable us to advance our understanding of how subglacial lakes trigger the onset of streaming. The intellectual merit of this project is that it will be the first systematic analysis of ice streams triggering the onset of ice streams. This work has profound implications for the modeling of ice sheet behavior in the future, the geologic record of abrupt climate changes and the longevity of subglacial lakes. The broader impacts of the project are programs that will reach students of all ages through undergraduates involved in the research, formal presentations in teacher education programs and ongoing public outreach efforts at major science museums. Subglacial Antarctic lake environments are emerging as a premier, major frontier for exploration during the IPY 2007-2009.", "east": 50.0, "geometry": "POINT(35 -82.5)", "instruments": "EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e AEM; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e POSITIONING/NAVIGATION \u003e GPS \u003e GPS RECEIVERS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e MAGNETIC/MOTION SENSORS \u003e GRAVIMETERS \u003e GRAVIMETERS; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e ACTIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e IMAGING RADARS \u003e IMAGING RADAR SYSTEMS; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e ACTIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e ALTIMETERS \u003e LIDAR/LASER ALTIMETERS \u003e LIDAR ALTIMETERS", "is_usap_dc": false, "keywords": "DHC-6; Basal Melting; Ice Stream; Ice Thickness; Velocity; Ice Stream Stability; Basal Freezing; Antarctica; Drainage; Aerogeophysical; Subglacial Lake; Flood Event", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -75.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Bell, Robin; Studinger, Michael S.", "platforms": "AIR-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e PROPELLER \u003e DHC-6", "repo": "PI website", "repositories": "PI website", "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "Subglacial Lakes and the Onset of Ice Streaming: Recovery Lakes", "uid": "p0000702", "west": 20.0}, {"awards": "0338090 Madin, Laurence; 0338290 Kremer, Patricia", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-69.9083 -52.7624,-68.96368 -52.7624,-68.01906 -52.7624,-67.07444 -52.7624,-66.12982 -52.7624,-65.1852 -52.7624,-64.24058 -52.7624,-63.29596 -52.7624,-62.35134 -52.7624,-61.40672 -52.7624,-60.4621 -52.7624,-60.4621 -54.01423,-60.4621 -55.26606,-60.4621 -56.51789,-60.4621 -57.76972,-60.4621 -59.02155,-60.4621 -60.27338,-60.4621 -61.52521,-60.4621 -62.77704,-60.4621 -64.02887,-60.4621 -65.2807,-61.40672 -65.2807,-62.35134 -65.2807,-63.29596 -65.2807,-64.24058 -65.2807,-65.1852 -65.2807,-66.12982 -65.2807,-67.07444 -65.2807,-68.01906 -65.2807,-68.96368 -65.2807,-69.9083 -65.2807,-69.9083 -64.02887,-69.9083 -62.77704,-69.9083 -61.52521,-69.9083 -60.27338,-69.9083 -59.02155,-69.9083 -57.76972,-69.9083 -56.51789,-69.9083 -55.26606,-69.9083 -54.01423,-69.9083 -52.7624))", "dataset_titles": "Data at U.S. JGOFS Data System; Expedition Data", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "001565", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "R2R", "science_program": null, "title": "Expedition Data", "url": "https://www.rvdata.us/search/cruise/LMG0414"}, {"dataset_uid": "000118", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "JGOF", "science_program": null, "title": "Data at U.S. JGOFS Data System", "url": "http://usjgofs.whoi.edu/jg/dir/jgofs/"}, {"dataset_uid": "001573", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "R2R", "science_program": null, "title": "Expedition Data", "url": "https://www.rvdata.us/search/cruise/LMG0602"}], "date_created": "Tue, 04 May 2010 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Salps are planktonic grazers that have a life history, feeding biology and population dynamic strikingly different from krill, copepods or other crustacean zooplankton. Salps can occur in very dense population blooms that cover large areas and have been shown to have major impacts due to the their grazing and the production of fast-sinking fecal pellets. Although commonly acknowledged as a major component of the Southern Ocean zooplankton community, often comparable in biomass and distribution to krill, salps have received relatively little attention. Although extensive sampling has documented the seasonal abundance of salps in the Southern Ocean, there is a paucity of data on important rates that determine population growth and the role of this species in grazing and vertical flux of particulates. This proposed study will include: measurements of respiration and excretion rates for solitary and aggregate salps of all sizes; measurements of ingestion rates, including experiments to determine the size or concentration of particulates that can reduce ingestion; and determination of growth rates of solitaries and aggregates. In addition to the various rate measurements, this study will include quantitative surveys of salp horizontal and vertical distribution to determine their biomass and spatial distribution, and to allow a regional assessment of their effects. Measurements of the physical characteristics of the water column and the quantity and quality of particulate food available for the salps at each location will also be made. Satellite imagery and information on sea-ice cover will be used to test hypotheses about conditions that result in high densities of salps. Results will be used to construct a model of salp population dynamics, and both experimental and modeling results will be interpreted within the context of the physical and nutritional conditions to which the salps are exposed. This integrated approach will provide a good basis for understanding the growth dynamics of salp blooms in the Southern Ocean. Two graduate students will be trained on this project, and cruise and research experience will be provided for two undergraduate students. A portion of a website allowing students to be a virtual participant in the research will be created to strengthen students\u0027 quantitative skills. Both PI\u0027s will participate in teacher-researcher workshops, and collaboration with a regional aquarium will be developed in support of public education.", "east": -60.4621, "geometry": "POINT(-65.1852 -59.02155)", "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e CTD; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PRESSURE/HEIGHT METERS \u003e PRESSURE SENSORS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PHOTON/OPTICAL DETECTORS \u003e TURBIDITY METERS; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e POSITIONING/NAVIGATION \u003e GPS \u003e GPS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e ACOUSTIC SOUNDERS \u003e ADCP", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "Not provided; R/V LMG", "locations": null, "north": -52.7624, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems; Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Kremer, Patricia; Madin, Larry; Halanych, Kenneth", "platforms": "Not provided; WATER-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e VESSELS \u003e SURFACE \u003e R/V LMG", "repo": "R2R", "repositories": "JGOF; R2R", "science_programs": null, "south": -65.2807, "title": "Collaborative Research: Salpa Thompsoni in the Southern Ocean: Bioenergetics, Population Dynamics and Biogeochemical Impact", "uid": "p0000227", "west": -69.9083}, {"awards": "9814383 Domack, Eugene", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-70.90625 -52.35392,-69.456459 -52.35392,-68.006668 -52.35392,-66.556877 -52.35392,-65.107086 -52.35392,-63.657295 -52.35392,-62.207504 -52.35392,-60.757713 -52.35392,-59.307922 -52.35392,-57.858131 -52.35392,-56.40834 -52.35392,-56.40834 -53.615031,-56.40834 -54.876142,-56.40834 -56.137253,-56.40834 -57.398364,-56.40834 -58.659475,-56.40834 -59.920586,-56.40834 -61.181697,-56.40834 -62.442808,-56.40834 -63.703919,-56.40834 -64.96503,-57.858131 -64.96503,-59.307922 -64.96503,-60.757713 -64.96503,-62.207504 -64.96503,-63.657295 -64.96503,-65.107086 -64.96503,-66.556877 -64.96503,-68.006668 -64.96503,-69.456459 -64.96503,-70.90625 -64.96503,-70.90625 -63.703919,-70.90625 -62.442808,-70.90625 -61.181697,-70.90625 -59.920586,-70.90625 -58.659475,-70.90625 -57.398364,-70.90625 -56.137253,-70.90625 -54.876142,-70.90625 -53.615031,-70.90625 -52.35392))", "dataset_titles": "Expedition Data", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "001985", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "R2R", "science_program": null, "title": "Expedition Data", "url": "https://www.rvdata.us/search/cruise/NBP0003"}], "date_created": "Tue, 04 May 2010 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This award, provided by the Antarctic Geology and Geophysics Program of the Office of Polar Programs, supports research to study the region recently occupied by the Larsen Ice Shelf in the Antarctic Peninsula. Over the last 10 years, scientists have observed a dramatic decay and disintegration of floating ice shelves along the northern end of the Antarctic Peninsula. Meteorological records and satellite observations indicate that this catastrophic decay is related to regional warming of nearly 3 degrees C in the last 50 years. While such retreat of floating ice shelves is unprecedented in historic records, current understanding of the natural variability of ice shelf systems over the last few thousand years is not understood well. This award supports a program of marine geologic research directed at filling this knowledge gap by developing an understanding of the dynamics of the northern Larsen Ice Shelf during the Holocene epoch (the last 10,000 years).\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThe Larsen Ice Shelf is located in the NW Weddell Sea along the eastern side of the Antarctic Peninsula and is currently undergoing a rapid, catastrophic retreat as documented by satellite imagery over the past five years. While the region of the northern Antarctic Peninsula has experienced a pronounced warming trend over the last 40 years, the links between this warming and global change (i.e. greenhouse warming) are not obvious. Yet the ice shelf is clearly receding at a rate unprecedented in historic time, leaving vast areas of the seafloor uncovered and in an open marine setting. This project will collect a series of short sediment cores within the Larsen Inlet and in areas that were at one time covered by the Larsen Ice Shelf. By applying established sediment and fossil criteria to the cores we hope to demonstrate whether the Larsen Ice Shelf has experienced similar periods of retreat and subsequent advance within the last 10,000 years. Past work in various regions of the Antarctic has focused on depositional models for ice shelves that allow one to discern the timing of ice shelf retreat/advance in areas of the Ross Sea, Antarctic Peninsula, and Prydz Bay. This research will lead to a much improved understanding of the dynamics of ice shelf systems and their role in past and future climate oscillations.", "east": -56.40834, "geometry": "POINT(-63.657295 -58.659475)", "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e MAGNETIC/MOTION SENSORS \u003e GRAVIMETERS \u003e GRAVIMETERS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e ACOUSTIC SOUNDERS \u003e MSBS", "is_usap_dc": false, "keywords": "R/V NBP", "locations": null, "north": -52.35392, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Earth Sciences", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Domack, Eugene Walter", "platforms": "WATER-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e VESSELS \u003e SURFACE \u003e R/V NBP", "repo": "R2R", "repositories": "R2R", "science_programs": null, "south": -64.96503, "title": "Paleohistory of the Larsen Ice Shelf: Evidence from the Marine Record", "uid": "p0000619", "west": -70.90625}, {"awards": "0225110 Garrott, Robert", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((163.1 -70.3,163.59 -70.3,164.08 -70.3,164.57 -70.3,165.06 -70.3,165.55 -70.3,166.04 -70.3,166.53 -70.3,167.02 -70.3,167.51 -70.3,168 -70.3,168 -70.98,168 -71.66,168 -72.34,168 -73.02,168 -73.7,168 -74.38,168 -75.06,168 -75.74,168 -76.42,168 -77.1,167.51 -77.1,167.02 -77.1,166.53 -77.1,166.04 -77.1,165.55 -77.1,165.06 -77.1,164.57 -77.1,164.08 -77.1,163.59 -77.1,163.1 -77.1,163.1 -76.42,163.1 -75.74,163.1 -75.06,163.1 -74.38,163.1 -73.7,163.1 -73.02,163.1 -72.34,163.1 -71.66,163.1 -70.98,163.1 -70.3))", "dataset_titles": "Weddell Seal data", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "000120", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "PI website", "science_program": null, "title": "Weddell Seal data", "url": "http://www.montana.edu/weddellseals/"}], "date_created": "Wed, 28 Jan 2009 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The Erebus Bay Weddell seal population study in eastern McMurdo Sound, Antarctica was initiated in 1968 and represents one of the longest intensive field investigations of a long-lived mammal in existence. Over the thirty-four year period of this study a total of 15,636 animals have been tagged with 144,927 re-sighting records logged in the current database. As such, this study is an extremely valuable resource for understanding population dynamics of not only Weddell seals, but also other species of both terrestrial and marine mammals with similar life-history characteristics. With the retirement of the original investigator, Dr. Donald Siniff, this proposal represents an effort to transition the long-term studies to a new team of investigators. Dr. Robert Garrott and Dr. Jay Rotella propose building upon the foundation with two lines of investigation that combine use of the long-term database with new field initiatives. The continuity of the demographic data will be maintained by annually marking all pups born, replace lost or broken tags, and perform multiple mark-recapture censuses of the Erebus Bay seal colonies. The new data will be combined with the existing database and a progressively complex series of analyses will be performed using recently developed mark-recapture methods to decompose, evaluate, and integrate the demographic characteristics of the Erebus Bay Weddell seal population. These analyses will allow the testing of specific hypotheses about population regulation as well as temporal and spatial patterns of variation in vital rates among colonies within the population that have been posed by previous investigators, but have not been adequately evaluated due to data and analytical limitations. The primary new field initiative will involve an intensive study of mass dynamics of both pups and adult females as a surrogate measure for assessing annual variation in marine resources and their potential role in limiting and/or regulating the population. In conjunction with the collection of data on body mass dynamics the investigators will use satellite imagery to develop an extended time series of sea ice extent in McMurdo Sound. Regional extent of sea ice affects both regional primary productivity and availability of haul out areas for Weddell seals. Increased primary productivity may increase marine resources which would be expected to have a positive affect on Weddell seal foraging efficiency, leading to increased body mass. These data combined with the large proportion of known-aged seals in the current study population (\u003e60%) will allow the investigators to develop a powerful database to test specific hypotheses about ecological processes affecting Weddell seals. Knowledge of the mechanisms that limit and/or regulate Weddell seal populations and the specific bio-physical linkages between climate, oceans, ice, and Antarctic food webs can provide important contributions to understanding of pinniped population dynamics, as well as contribute more generally to theoretical understanding of population, community, and ecosystem patterns and processes. Such knowledge can be readily applied elsewhere to enhance the ability of natural resource managers to effectively maintain assemblages of other large-mammal species and the ecological processes that they facilitate. Continuation of this long-term study may also contribute to understanding the potential impacts of human activities such as global climate warming and the commercial exploitation of Antarctic marine resources. And finally, the study can contribute significantly to the development and testing of new research and analytical methodologies that will almost certainly have many other applications.", "east": 168.0, "geometry": "POINT(165.55 -73.7)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "Not provided", "locations": null, "north": -70.3, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Garrott, Robert; Siniff, Donald; Rotella, Jay", "platforms": "Not provided", "repo": "PI website", "repositories": "PI website", "science_programs": null, "south": -77.1, "title": "Patterns and Processes: Dynamics of the Erebus Bay Weddell Seal Population", "uid": "p0000109", "west": 163.1}, {"awards": "0440670 Hulbe, Christina; 0440636 Fahnestock, Mark", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-180 -70,-175 -70,-170 -70,-165 -70,-160 -70,-155 -70,-150 -70,-145 -70,-140 -70,-135 -70,-130 -70,-130 -71.6,-130 -73.2,-130 -74.8,-130 -76.4,-130 -78,-130 -79.6,-130 -81.2,-130 -82.8,-130 -84.4,-130 -86,-135 -86,-140 -86,-145 -86,-150 -86,-155 -86,-160 -86,-165 -86,-170 -86,-175 -86,180 -86,180 -86,180 -86,180 -86,180 -86,180 -86,180 -86,180 -86,180 -86,180 -86,180 -86,180 -84.4,180 -82.8,180 -81.2,180 -79.6,180 -78,180 -76.4,180 -74.8,180 -73.2,180 -71.6,180 -70,180 -70,180 -70,180 -70,180 -70,180 -70,180 -70,180 -70,180 -70,180 -70,-180 -70))", "dataset_titles": "MOA-derived Structural Feature Map of the Ronne Ice Shelf; MOA-derived Structural Feature Map of the Ross Ice Shelf; Using Fracture Patterns and Ice Thickness to Study the History and Dynamics of Grounding Line Migration and Shutdown of Kamb and Whillans Ice Streams", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "601432", "doi": "10.15784/601432", "keywords": "Antarctica", "people": "Hulbe, Christina; Ledoux, Christine; Forbes, Martin", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "MOA-derived Structural Feature Map of the Ross Ice Shelf", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601432"}, {"dataset_uid": "609497", "doi": "10.7265/N5PR7SXR", "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; MOA; MODIS; Ronne Ice Shelf", "people": "Ledoux, Christine; Hulbe, Christina", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "MOA-derived Structural Feature Map of the Ronne Ice Shelf", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/609497"}, {"dataset_uid": "600024", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": "Fahnestock, Mark", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Using Fracture Patterns and Ice Thickness to Study the History and Dynamics of Grounding Line Migration and Shutdown of Kamb and Whillans Ice Streams", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/600024"}], "date_created": "Thu, 25 Sep 2008 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This award supports a three year project to develop the tools required to interpret complex patterns of flow features on the Ross Ice Shelf, which record the discharge history the ice streams flowing east off of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. This work builds on previous research that used flow features visible in satellite image mosaics and numerical models of ice shelf flow to detect changes in grounding zone dynamics and redirection of ice stream outlets over hundreds of years. Recently observed changes on Whillans Ice Stream fit within this framework. The pattern of redirection is driven by the influence of rapid downstream thinning on the basal thermal gradient in the ice and associated \"sticky spot\" (ice rise) formation. In pursuing this work, the investigators recognized other records of discharge variation on the shelf that can be used to build a more complete history and understanding of ice-stream discharge variability. The intellectual merit of the proposed work lies in the fact that these records, including fracture patterns and spatial variation in ice thickness, when understood in the proper context, will yield quantitative information about the timing and dynamics of ice stream slowdowns, grounding line retreat, and the relative history of discharge between the ice streams. New tools will help further constrain this history. The laser altimeter on NASA\u0027s IceSAT has improved our knowledge of the surface elevation of Antarctic ice. IceSAT surface elevations provide a high-resolution map of ice-shelf thickness that, along with provenance maps from ice-shelf image mosaics, will be used to estimate the volumes of ice involved in past ice-stream discharge events (slowdowns, redirections, and so on). This project will develop new numerical models for fracture propagation; these will allow past variations in ice-shelf stress state to be investigated. Together, the dynamic and volume-flux histories will provide a powerful set of observations for understanding past variations in ice stream discharge and the underlying physical processes. The broader impacts of this project center on how it contributes to the ability to estimate West Antarctic contributions to global sea level rise and to answer outstanding questions about the causes of millennial and longer-scale evolution of ice streams. This work will provide a history of the most complex record of ice discharge known. In addition to the incorporation of this research into graduate student advising and normal teaching duties, the investigators are involved in other avenues of civic engagement and education. Outreach to high school students and the community at large is promoted on an annual basis by the investigators at both institutions. New outreach projects at Portland State University are developed with the assistance of researchers with expertise in student learning and achievement in science and mathematics. The collaborative research team includes two glaciologists with experience in the pairing of high resolution satellite imagery and a variety of ice-flow models and a geologist whose focus is the mechanics of rock deformation.", "east": -130.0, "geometry": "POINT(-155 -78)", "instruments": "EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e IMAGING SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e MODIS; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e IMAGING SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e MODIS", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "FIELD INVESTIGATION; Fracture Patterns; Ross Ice Shelf; West Antarctic Ice Sheet; Not provided; Antarctica; TERRA; Ice Sheet; Ice Rise; LABORATORY; Ice-Stream Discharge; West Antarctica; Fracture Propagation; SATELLITES; Ice Stream Motion; Grounding Line; Ice Movement; Ice Stream; Whillans Ice Stream; Ice Stream Outlets; Basal Temperature Gradient; Numerical Model; Ice Thickness; Flow Features; Kamb Ice Stream; Antarctic Ice Sheet; Satellite Image Mosaics; Icesat; Grounding Line Migration; ICESAT", "locations": "Kamb Ice Stream; Whillans Ice Stream; Antarctica; Ross Ice Shelf; West Antarctic Ice Sheet; Antarctic Ice Sheet; West Antarctica", "north": -70.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Hulbe, Christina; Ledoux, Christine; Fahnestock, Mark", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD INVESTIGATION; Not provided; OTHER \u003e PHYSICAL MODELS \u003e LABORATORY; SPACE-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e EARTH OBSERVATION SATELLITES \u003e ICE, CLOUD AND LAND ELEVATION SATELLITE (ICESAT) \u003e ICESAT; SPACE-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e EARTH OBSERVATION SATELLITES \u003e SATELLITES; SPACE-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e EARTH OBSERVATION SATELLITES \u003e TERRA", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -86.0, "title": "Collaborative Research: Using Fracture Patterns and Ice Thickness to Study the History and Dynamics of Grounding Line Migration and Shutdown of Kamb and Whillans Ice Streams", "uid": "p0000096", "west": 180.0}, {"awards": "0229546 MacAyeal, Douglas", "bounds_geometry": "POINT(-178 -78)", "dataset_titles": "collection of nascent rift images and description of station deployment; Continuous GPS (static) Data from the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica; Giant Icebergs of the Ross Sea, in situ Drift and Weather Measurements, Antarctica; Iceberg Firn Temperatures, Antarctica; Iceberg Harmonic Tremor, Seismometer Data, Antarctica; Iceberg Satellite imagery from stations and ice shelves (full data link not provided); Iceberg Tiltmeter Measurements, Antarctica; Ice Shelf Rift Time-Lapse Photography, Antarctica; Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology; Nascent Iceberg Webcam Images available during the deployment period; Ross Ice Shelf Firn Temperature, Antarctica; The files contain a short header (number of data samples, sample rate, start time, stop time, channel title)The time series data then follow the header above.; This site mirrors the NSIDC website archive.", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "609347", "doi": "10.7265/N57W694M", "keywords": "Antarctica; Geodesy; Geology/Geophysics - Other; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; GPS; Ross Ice Shelf; Southern Ocean", "people": "MacAyeal, Douglas; King, Matthew; Brunt, Kelly", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Continuous GPS (static) Data from the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/609347"}, {"dataset_uid": "609352", "doi": "10.7265/N5M61H55", "keywords": "Glaciology; Iceberg; Oceans; Ross Ice Shelf; Sea Ice; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; Southern Ocean; Temperature", "people": "Sergienko, Olga; Thom, Jonathan; MacAyeal, Douglas", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Iceberg Firn Temperatures, Antarctica", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/609352"}, {"dataset_uid": "001639", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "Project website", "science_program": null, "title": "collection of nascent rift images and description of station deployment", "url": "http://thistle.org/nascent/index.shtml"}, {"dataset_uid": "609349", "doi": "10.7265/N5445JD6", "keywords": "Geology/Geophysics - Other; Glaciology; Iceberg; Oceans; Ross Sea; Sea Ice; Seismometer; Southern Ocean", "people": "Bassis, Jeremy; Aster, Richard; Okal, Emile; MacAyeal, Douglas", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Iceberg Harmonic Tremor, Seismometer Data, Antarctica", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/609349"}, {"dataset_uid": "609350", "doi": "10.7265/N5VM496K", "keywords": "AWS; Glaciology; GPS; Iceberg; Meteorology; Oceans; Ross Sea; Sea Ice; Southern Ocean; Weatherstation", "people": "Aster, Richard; Okal, Emile; MacAyeal, Douglas; Bassis, Jeremy", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Giant Icebergs of the Ross Sea, in situ Drift and Weather Measurements, Antarctica", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/609350"}, {"dataset_uid": "609351", "doi": "10.7265/N5QV3JGV", "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Photo/video; Photo/Video; Ross Ice Shelf", "people": "Brunt, Kelly; MacAyeal, Douglas", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Ice Shelf Rift Time-Lapse Photography, Antarctica", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/609351"}, {"dataset_uid": "002504", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "Project website", "science_program": null, "title": "Nascent Iceberg Webcam Images available during the deployment period", "url": "https://amrc.ssec.wisc.edu/data/iceberg.html"}, {"dataset_uid": "609354", "doi": "10.7265/N5BP00Q3", "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ross Ice Shelf; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; Temperature", "people": "Muto, Atsu; MacAyeal, Douglas; Scambos, Ted; Sergienko, Olga", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Ross Ice Shelf Firn Temperature, Antarctica", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/609354"}, {"dataset_uid": "002568", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "Project website", "science_program": null, "title": "Iceberg Satellite imagery from stations and ice shelves (full data link not provided)", "url": "http://amrc.ssec.wisc.edu/"}, {"dataset_uid": "001685", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "IRIS", "science_program": null, "title": "Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology", "url": "http://www.iris.edu/data/sources.htm"}, {"dataset_uid": "001684", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "AMRDC", "science_program": null, "title": "This site mirrors the NSIDC website archive.", "url": "http://uwamrc.ssec.wisc.edu/"}, {"dataset_uid": "001598", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "NSIDC", "science_program": null, "title": "The files contain a short header (number of data samples, sample rate, start time, stop time, channel title)The time series data then follow the header above.", "url": "http://nsidc.org"}, {"dataset_uid": "609353", "doi": "10.7265/N5GF0RFF", "keywords": "Glaciology; Iceberg; Oceans; Ross Ice Shelf; Sea Ice; Southern Ocean; Tiltmeter", "people": "Kim, Young-Jin; Bliss, Andrew; MacAyeal, Douglas", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Iceberg Tiltmeter Measurements, Antarctica", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/609353"}], "date_created": "Fri, 19 Sep 2008 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This award supports the study of the drift and break-up of Earth\u0027s largest icebergs, which were recently released into the Ross Sea of Antarctica as a result of calving from the Ross Ice Shelf. The scientific goals of the study are to determine the physics of iceberg motion within the dynamic context of ocean currents, winds, and sea ice, which determine the forces that drive iceberg motion, and the relationship between the iceberg and geographically and topographically determined pinning points on which the iceberg can ground. In addition, the processes by which icebergs influence the local environments (e.g., sea ice conditions near Antarctica, access to penguin rookeries, air-sea heat exchange and upwelling at iceberg margins, nutrient fluxes) will be studied. The processes by which icebergs generate globally far-reaching ocean acoustic signals that are detected within the global seismic (earthquake) sensing networks will also be studied. A featured element of the scientific research activity will be a field effort to deploy automatic weather stations, seismometer arrays and GPS-tracking stations on several of the largest icebergs presently adrift, or about to be adrift, in the Ross Sea. Data generated and relayed via satellite to home institutions in the Midwest will motivate theoretical analysis and computer simulation; and will be archived on an \"iceberg\" website (http://amrc.ssec.wisc.edu/amrc/iceberg.html) for access by scientists and the general public. At the most broad level, the study is justified by the fact that icebergs released by the Antarctic ice sheet represent the largest movements of fresh water within the natural environment (e.g., several of the icebergs to be studied, B15, C19 and others calved since 2000 CE, represent over 6000 cubic kilometers of fresh water-an amount roughly equivalent to 100 years of the flow of the Nile River). A better understanding of the impact of iceberg drift through the environment, and particularly the impact on ocean stratification and mixing, is essential to the understanding of the abrupt global climate changes witnessed by proxy during the ice age and of concern under conditions of future greenhouse warming. On a more specific level, the study will generate a knowledge base useful for the better management of Antarctic logistical resources (e.g., the shipping lanes to McMurdo Station) that can occasionally be influenced by adverse effects icebergs have on sea ice conditions.", "east": -178.0, "geometry": "POINT(-178 -78)", "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e RECORDERS/LOGGERS \u003e AWS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e TEMPERATURE/HUMIDITY SENSORS \u003e THERMISTORS \u003e THERMISTORS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e TEMPERATURE/HUMIDITY SENSORS \u003e HUMIDITY SENSORS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e TEMPERATURE/HUMIDITY SENSORS \u003e TEMPERATURE SENSORS; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e POSITIONING/NAVIGATION \u003e GPS \u003e GPS RECEIVERS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e MAGNETIC/MOTION SENSORS \u003e SEISMOMETERS \u003e SEISMOMETERS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e RECORDERS/LOGGERS \u003e MMS; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e PHOTON/OPTICAL DETECTORS \u003e CAMERAS \u003e CAMERAS; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e PHOTON/OPTICAL DETECTORS \u003e CAMERAS \u003e CAMERAS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e MAGNETIC/MOTION SENSORS \u003e SEISMOMETERS \u003e SEISMOMETERS; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e POSITIONING/NAVIGATION \u003e GPS \u003e GPS; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e POSITIONING/NAVIGATION \u003e GPS \u003e GPS RECEIVERS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e RECORDERS/LOGGERS \u003e TEMPERATURE LOGGERS; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e TEMPERATURE PROFILERS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e TEMPERATURE/HUMIDITY SENSORS \u003e TEMPERATURE SENSORS", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS; Pressure; AWS; Velocity Measurements; Firn Temperature Measurements; Ice Velocity; Seismology; Ice Sheet Elevation; Harmonic Tremor; Ice Shelf Temperature; Wind Speed; Iceberg; Ice Surface Elevation; Non-Volcanic Tremor; Not provided; Antarctic; Iceberg Tremor; Solar Radiation; Antarctic Ice Sheet; Ross Ice Shelf; Elevation; GPS; Temperature Profiles; Ice Shelf Rift Camera; GROUND STATIONS; Latitude; GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS; Ice Shelf Weather; FIELD INVESTIGATION; ARWS; Surface Elevation; Ice Shelf Flow; Antarctica; FIELD SURVEYS; Camera; Seismometer; Iceberg Weather (aws); Ice Movement; Photo; Wind Direction; Iceberg Snow Accumulation; Tremor And Slow Slip Events; AWS Climate Data; Location; Iceberg Drift; Iceberg Collisions; Iceberg Tilt; Atmospheric Pressure; Iceberg Seismicity; Firn Temperature", "locations": "Antarctic; Antarctica; Antarctic Ice Sheet; Ross Ice Shelf", "north": -78.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Okal, Emile; Aster, Richard; Bassis, Jeremy; Kim, Young-Jin; Bliss, Andrew; Sergienko, Olga; Thom, Jonathan; Scambos, Ted; Muto, Atsu; Brunt, Kelly; King, Matthew; Parker, Tim; Okal, Marianne; Cathles, Mac; MacAyeal, Douglas", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD INVESTIGATION; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD SURVEYS; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e PERMANENT LAND SITES \u003e ARWS; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e PERMANENT LAND SITES \u003e GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e PERMANENT LAND SITES \u003e GROUND STATIONS; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e PERMANENT LAND SITES \u003e SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS; Not provided; SPACE-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e NAVIGATION SATELLITES \u003e GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) \u003e GPS", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "AMRDC; IRIS; NSIDC; Project website; USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -78.0, "title": "Collaborative Research of Earth\u0027s Largest Icebergs", "uid": "p0000117", "west": -178.0}, {"awards": "0229629 Anandakrishnan, Sridhar", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-165 -82,-161.5 -82,-158 -82,-154.5 -82,-151 -82,-147.5 -82,-144 -82,-140.5 -82,-137 -82,-133.5 -82,-130 -82,-130 -82.2,-130 -82.4,-130 -82.6,-130 -82.8,-130 -83,-130 -83.2,-130 -83.4,-130 -83.6,-130 -83.8,-130 -84,-133.5 -84,-137 -84,-140.5 -84,-144 -84,-147.5 -84,-151 -84,-154.5 -84,-158 -84,-161.5 -84,-165 -84,-165 -83.8,-165 -83.6,-165 -83.4,-165 -83.2,-165 -83,-165 -82.8,-165 -82.6,-165 -82.4,-165 -82.2,-165 -82))", "dataset_titles": null, "datasets": null, "date_created": "Thu, 14 Jun 2007 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This award supports a project to investigate the new-found, startling sensitivity of two major West Antarctic ice streams to tidal oscillations to learn the extent and character of the effect and its ramifications for future ice-stream behavior. Ice streams D, C and Whillans (B) all show strong but distinct tidal signals. The ice plain of Whillans is usually stopped outright, forward motion being limited to two brief periods each day, at high tide and on the falling tide. Motion events propagate across the ice plain at seismic wave velocities. Near the mouth of D, tides cause a diurnal variation of about 50% in ice-stream speed that propagates upglacier more slowly than on Whillans, and seismic data show that C experiences even slower upglacier propagation of tidal signals. Tidal influences are observed more than 100 km upglacier on C, more than 40 km upglacier on D, and may be responsible for fluctuations in basal water pressure reported 400 km upstream on Whillans, nearly the full length of the ice stream. During the first year, the spatial extent of this behavior will be measured on Whillans Ice Stream and ice stream D by five coordinated seismic and GPS instrument packages at 100-km spacing on each ice stream. These packages will be deployed by Twin Otter at sites selected by review of satellite imagery and will operate autonomously through a combination of solar and battery power for two lunar cycles to study the sensitivity of the ice stream motion to spring and neap tides. Additionally, existing data sets will be examined further for clues to the mechanisms involved, and preliminary models will be developed to reconcile the seemingly contrasting behaviors observed on the ice streams. The second and third field seasons will examine in greater detail the tidal behavior of Whillans (year 2) and D (year 3). Work will especially focus on detailed study of at least one source area for events on Whillans, assuming that source areas inferred from preliminary data remain active. Vertical motions have not yet been detected, but differential GPS will increase our detection sensitivity. Seismic instrumentation will greatly increase temporal resolution and the ability to measure the propagation speed and any spatial heterogeneity. Modeling will be refined as more is learned from the field experiments. The project should yield numerous broader impacts. The improved knowledge of ice-stream behavior from this study will contribute to assessment of the potential for rapid ice-sheet change affecting global sea level with societal consequences. Results will be disseminated through scientific publication and talks at professional meetings, as well as contacts with the press, university classes taught by the PIs, visits to schools and community groups, and other activities. Two graduate students will be educated through the project.", "east": -130.0, "geometry": "POINT(-147.5 -83)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": false, "keywords": "Ice Stream; Tidal Motion; Vertical Motions; Seismic; West Antarctic; Ice Stream Motion; Global Sea Level; Modeling; Not provided", "locations": "West Antarctic", "north": -82.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Anandakrishnan, Sridhar; Alley, Richard; Voigt, Donald E.", "platforms": "Not provided", "repositories": null, "science_programs": null, "south": -84.0, "title": "Collaborative Research: Tidal Modulation of Ice Stream Flow", "uid": "p0000075", "west": -165.0}, {"awards": "0537827 Lazzara, Matthew", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60))", "dataset_titles": "Access Antarctic NOAA Polar Orbiting AVHRR HRPT GAC and LAC images.; Access Arrival Heights Meteorological Observations; Access Building 189 Meteorological Observations; Access Building 69 Meteorological Observations; Access Building 71 Meteorological Observations; Access McMurdo Meteorological Observations; Access Neumayer Meteorological Observations; Access Palmer Meteorological Observations; Access South Pole Meteorological Observations", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "001294", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "AMRDC", "science_program": null, "title": "Access Building 71 Meteorological Observations", "url": "ftp://amrc.ssec.wisc.edu/pub/mcmurdo/building71/"}, {"dataset_uid": "001293", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "AMRDC", "science_program": null, "title": "Access Building 69 Meteorological Observations", "url": "ftp://amrc.ssec.wisc.edu/pub/mcmurdo/building69/"}, {"dataset_uid": "001296", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "AMRDC", "science_program": null, "title": "Access Neumayer Meteorological Observations", "url": "ftp://amrc.ssec.wisc.edu/pub/neumayer/"}, {"dataset_uid": "001292", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "AMRDC", "science_program": null, "title": "Access Building 189 Meteorological Observations", "url": "ftp://amrc.ssec.wisc.edu/pub/mcmurdo/building189/"}, {"dataset_uid": "001291", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "AMRDC", "science_program": null, "title": "Access Arrival Heights Meteorological Observations", "url": "ftp://amrc.ssec.wisc.edu/pub/mcmurdo/arrivalheights/"}, {"dataset_uid": "001287", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "AMRDC", "science_program": null, "title": "Access Antarctic NOAA Polar Orbiting AVHRR HRPT GAC and LAC images.", "url": "ftp://amrc.ssec.wisc.edu"}, {"dataset_uid": "001297", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "AMRDC", "science_program": null, "title": "Access Palmer Meteorological Observations", "url": "ftp://amrc.ssec.wisc.edu/pub/palmer/observations/"}, {"dataset_uid": "001298", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "AMRDC", "science_program": null, "title": "Access South Pole Meteorological Observations", "url": "ftp://amrc.ssec.wisc.edu/pub/southpole/surface_observations/"}, {"dataset_uid": "001295", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "AMRDC", "science_program": null, "title": "Access McMurdo Meteorological Observations", "url": "ftp://amrc.ssec.wisc.edu/pub/mcmurdo/climatology/"}], "date_created": "Thu, 12 Oct 2000 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This proposed work is the continued operation of the Antarctic Meteorological Research Center (AMRC) for three years through 2009. AMRC is a meteorological data acquisition and management system with nodes at McMurdo Station and at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. The system is a resource and archive for meteorological research and a test bed for improving operational synoptic forecasting. Its basis is a computer-based system for organizing, manipulating, and integrating antarctic environmental data, developed by the University of Wisconsin. It captures the flow of meteorological information from polar orbiting satellites, automatic weather stations, operational station synoptic observations, and research project data, producing a mosaic of antarctic satellite images on an operational basis. It also receives environmental data products, such as weather forecasts, from outside Antarctica, and acts as a repository for existing archived databases. The AMRC provides customized weather and climate information for a variety of antarctic users, including aircraft and ship operations of the US Antarctic Program. Currently the AMRC produces the Antarctic Composite Infrared Image, a mosaic of images from four geostationary and three polar-orbiting satellites, which is used for both forecasting and research purposes. In the current time period, AMRC will develop a data exploration/classification toolkit based on self-organizing maps to produce a new, satellite-based antarctic cloud climatology for regions. The AMRC will also be at the center of the evolving Antarctic-Internet Data Distribution (Antarctic-IDD) system, a reliable and formalized means of sharing and distributing Antarctic data among operational and research users. \u003cbr/\u003e***", "east": 180.0, "geometry": "POINT(0 -89.999)", "instruments": "EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e IMAGING SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e AVHRR", "is_usap_dc": false, "keywords": "NOAA-14; FIXED OBSERVATION STATIONS; Antarctica; Not provided; Satellite Imagery; NOAA-15; Noaa Avhrr Lac; NOAA-12; Observation Data", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Lazzara, Matthew; Costanza, Carol; Snarski, Joey", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e PERMANENT LAND SITES \u003e FIXED OBSERVATION STATIONS; Not provided; SPACE-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e EARTH OBSERVATION SATELLITES \u003e POLAR ORBITING ENVIRONMENTAL SATELLITES (POES) \u003e NOAA-12; SPACE-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e EARTH OBSERVATION SATELLITES \u003e POLAR ORBITING ENVIRONMENTAL SATELLITES (POES) \u003e NOAA-14; SPACE-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e EARTH OBSERVATION SATELLITES \u003e POLAR ORBITING ENVIRONMENTAL SATELLITES (POES) \u003e NOAA-15", "repo": "AMRDC", "repositories": "AMRDC", "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "Collaborative Research: Antarctic Meteorological Research Center (2006-2009)", "uid": "p0000280", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "0838834 Lazzara, Matthew", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-180 -62.83,-144 -62.83,-108 -62.83,-72 -62.83,-36 -62.83,0 -62.83,36 -62.83,72 -62.83,108 -62.83,144 -62.83,180 -62.83,180 -65.547,180 -68.264,180 -70.981,180 -73.698,180 -76.415,180 -79.132,180 -81.849,180 -84.566,180 -87.283,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87.283,-180 -84.566,-180 -81.849,-180 -79.132,-180 -76.415,-180 -73.698,-180 -70.981,-180 -68.264,-180 -65.547,-180 -62.83))", "dataset_titles": "Access all real-time datasets; Access Antarctic Composite Images.; Access Antarctic Synoptic and METAR Observations.; Access McMurdo Radiosonde Observations; Access South Pole Radiosonde Observations; Archived METAR observational data; We have observations from three ships near Antarctica, the R/V Polar Duke the R/V Nathaniel B. Palmer and the R/V Laurence M. Gould. Data from 23 August 1993 are available via ftp and the files are updated with the most recent observations every 7-10 days as we receive the information. The AMRC has been archiving general ship and buoy observational data for the Antarctic and surrounding regions since 2 December 1998.", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "001386", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "AMRDC", "science_program": null, "title": "Archived METAR observational data", "url": "ftp://amrc.ssec.wisc.edu/archive/"}, {"dataset_uid": "001300", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "AMRDC", "science_program": null, "title": "Access all real-time datasets", "url": "http://amrc.ssec.wisc.edu/"}, {"dataset_uid": "001382", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "AMRDC", "science_program": null, "title": "Access Antarctic Synoptic and METAR Observations.", "url": "ftp://amrc.ssec.wisc.edu"}, {"dataset_uid": "001288", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "AMRDC", "science_program": null, "title": "Access South Pole Radiosonde Observations", "url": "ftp://amrc.ssec.wisc.edu/pub/southpole/radiosonde/"}, {"dataset_uid": "001285", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "AMRDC", "science_program": null, "title": "Access Antarctic Composite Images.", "url": "http://amrc.ssec.wisc.edu/data/view-data.php?action=list\u0026amp;amp;product=satellite/composite"}, {"dataset_uid": "001289", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "AMRDC", "science_program": null, "title": "Access McMurdo Radiosonde Observations", "url": "ftp://amrc.ssec.wisc.edu/pub/mcmurdo/radiosonde/"}, {"dataset_uid": "001290", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "AMRDC", "science_program": null, "title": "We have observations from three ships near Antarctica, the R/V Polar Duke the R/V Nathaniel B. Palmer and the R/V Laurence M. Gould. Data from 23 August 1993 are available via ftp and the files are updated with the most recent observations every 7-10 days as we receive the information. The AMRC has been archiving general ship and buoy observational data for the Antarctic and surrounding regions since 2 December 1998.", "url": "ftp://amrc.ssec.wisc.edu/pub/shipobs/"}, {"dataset_uid": "001299", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "AMRDC", "science_program": null, "title": "Access Antarctic Synoptic and METAR Observations.", "url": "ftp://amrc.ssec.wisc.edu/"}], "date_created": "Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Abstract\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThe Antarctic Meteorological Research Center (AMRC), located at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, serves several communities by maintaining and extending the stewardship of meteorological data pertinent to the Antarctic continent, its surrounding islands, ice sheets and ice margins and the adjacent Southern Ocean. This data will continue to be made freely available to interested researchers and the general public. Activities of particular interest for the current award include the development of an enhanced data portal to provide improved data and analysis tools to the research community, and to continue to add to the evolution of the Antarctic-Internet Data Distribution system, which is meant to overcome the costly and generally low bandwidth internet connectivity to and from the Antarctic continent. Operational forecasting for logistical activities in the Antarctic, as well as active Antarctic meteorological research programs, are clearly in need of a dependable, steady flow of meteorological observations, model output, and related data in what must be a collaborative environment in order to overcome the otherwise distributed nature of Antarctic meteorological and climatological observations.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eAMRC interaction with the public through answering e-mail questions, giving informal public lectures and presentations to K-12 education institutions through visits to schools will help to raise science literacy with regards to meteorology and of the Antarctic and polar regions. \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\"This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).\"", "east": 180.0, "geometry": "POINT(0 -89.999)", "instruments": "EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e IMAGING SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e AVHRR; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e IMAGING SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e GOES I-M IMAGER; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e IMAGING SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e OLS; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e IMAGING SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e VISSR; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e CURRENT/WIND METERS \u003e ANEMOMETERS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e TEMPERATURE/HUMIDITY SENSORS \u003e THERMOMETERS \u003e THERMOMETERS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PRESSURE/HEIGHT METERS \u003e BAROMETERS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e TEMPERATURE/HUMIDITY SENSORS \u003e THERMOMETERS \u003e WET BULB THERMOMETERS; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e RADIOSONDES; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e AMSU-A; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e IMAGING SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e AVHRR; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e HIRS; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e HIRS/2; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e MSU; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e TOVS", "is_usap_dc": false, "keywords": "Shortwave Composite Satellite Images; Radiosonde Data; Antarctic; Noaa Hrpt Raw Data; Synoptic Data; Water Vapor Composite Satellite Images; SATELLITES; Satellite Imagery; Infrared Imagery; NOAA POES; Visible Composite Satellite Images; BUOYS; Antarctica; Ship/buoy Data; FIXED OBSERVATION STATIONS; Longwave Composite Satellite Images; Not provided; COASTAL STATIONS; Metar Weather Observations", "locations": "Antarctic; Antarctica", "north": -62.83, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Lazzara, Matthew; Costanza, Carol", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e PERMANENT LAND SITES \u003e COASTAL STATIONS; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e PERMANENT LAND SITES \u003e FIXED OBSERVATION STATIONS; Not provided; SPACE-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e EARTH OBSERVATION SATELLITES \u003e POLAR ORBITING ENVIRONMENTAL SATELLITES (POES) \u003e NOAA POES; SPACE-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e EARTH OBSERVATION SATELLITES \u003e SATELLITES; WATER-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e BUOYS \u003e MOORED \u003e BUOYS", "repo": "AMRDC", "repositories": "AMRDC", "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "Antarctic Meteorological Research Center (2009-2011)", "uid": "p0000264", "west": -180.0}]
X
X
Help on the Results MapX
This window can be dragged by its header, and can be resized from the bottom right corner.
Clicking the Layers button - the blue square in the top left of the Results Map - will display a list of map layers you can add or remove
from the currently displayed map view.
The Results Map and the Results Table
- The Results Map displays the centroids of the geographic bounds of all the results returned by the search.
- Results that are displayed in the current map view will be highlighted in blue and brought to the top of the Results Table.
- As the map is panned or zoomed, the highlighted rows in the table will update.
- If you click on a centroid on the map, it will turn yellow and display a popup with details for that project/dataset - including a link to the landing page. The bounds for the project(s)/dataset(s) selected will be displayed in red. The selected result(s) will be highlighted in red and brought to the top of the table.
- The default table sorting order is: Selected, Visible, Date (descending), but this can be changed by clicking on column headers in the table.
- Selecting Show on Map for an individual row will both display the geographic bounds for that result on a mini map, and also display the bounds and highlight the centroid on the Results Map.
- Clicking the 'Show boundaries' checkbox at the top of the Results Map will display all the bounds for the filtered results.
Defining a search area on the Results Map
- If you click on the Rectangle or Polygon icons in the top right of the Results Map, you can define a search area which will be added to any other search criteria already selected.
- After you have drawn a polygon, you can edit it using the Edit Geometry dropdown in the search form at the top.
- Clicking Clear in the map will clear any drawn polygon.
- Clicking Search in the map, or Search on the form will have the same effect.
- The returned results will be any projects/datasets with bounds that intersect the polygon.
- Use the Exclude project/datasets checkbox to exclude any projects/datasets that cover the whole Antarctic region.
Viewing map layers on the Results Map
Older retrieved projects from AMD. Warning: many have incomplete information.
To sort the table of search results, click the header of the column you wish to search by. To sort by multiple columns, hold down the shift key whilst selecting the sort columns in order.
Project Title/Abstract/Map | NSF Award(s) | Date Created | PIs / Scientists | Dataset Links and Repositories | Abstract | Bounds Geometry | Geometry | Selected | Visible | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A Multi-scale Approach to Understanding Spatial and Population Variability in Emperor Penguins
|
1744989 |
2024-02-08 | LaRue, Michelle; Ito, Emi; Jenouvrier, Stephanie | This project on emperor penguin populations will quantify penguin presence/absence, and colony size and trajectory, across the entire Antarctic continent using high-resolution satellite imagery. For a subset of the colonies, population estimates derived from high-resolution satellite images will be compared with those determined by aerial surveys - these results have been uploaded to MAPPPD (penguinmap.com) and are freely available for use. This validated information will be used to determine population estimates for all emperor penguin colonies through iterations of supervised classification and maximum likelihood calculations on the high-resolution imagery. The effect of spatial, geophysical, and environmental variables on population size and decadal-scale trends will be assessed using generalized linear models. This research will result in a first ever empirical result for emperor penguin population trends and habitat suitability, and will leverage currently-funded NSF infrastructure and hosting sites to publish results in near-real time to the public. | POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60)) | POINT(0 -89.999) | false | false | ||||||||
Collaborative Research: Stability and Dynamics of Antarctic Marine Outlet Glaciers
|
1543530 1543533 |
2022-10-19 | van der Veen, Cornelis; Stearns, Leigh; Paden, John | No dataset link provided | Van der Veen/1543530<br/><br/>The objective of this research is to gain better understanding of the West Antarctic ice flow in the transition region from grounded ice to floating ice shelves and investigate the conditions that can initiate and sustain major retreat of these glaciers. Several major Antarctic outlet glaciers and ice streams will be investigated using a suite of observational techniques and modeling tools. Glaciers include Thwaites Glacier, which has become a focal point in the discussion of West Antarctic retreat, Whillans Ice Stream as an example of the archetype ice stream, and Byrd Glacier, a major outlet glacier draining East Antarctica through the Transantarctic Mountains into the Ross Ice Shelf. This study will investigate whether the ongoing changes in these glaciers will lead to long-term mass loss (the onset of ice sheet collapse), or whether these glaciers will quickly stabilize with a new geometry. <br/><br/>To adequately incorporate the dynamic behavior of outlet glaciers and ice streams requires inclusion of the relevant physical processes, and the development of regional models that employ a numerical grid with a horizontal grid spacing sufficiently refined to capture smaller-scale bed topographic features that may control the flow of these glaciers. This award revisits the issue of stability of marine-terminating glaciers whose grounding line is located on a retrograded bed slope. In particular, an attempt will be made to resolve the question whether observed rapid changes are the result of perturbations at the terminus or grounding line, or whether these changes reflect ice-dynamical forcing over the grounded reaches. High-resolution satellite imagery will be used to investigate ice-flow perturbations on smaller spatial scales than has been done before, to evaluate the importance of localized sites of high basal resistance on grounding-line stability. This collaborative project involves a range of modeling strategies including force-budget analysis, flow-band modeling, Full Stokes modeling for local studies, and using the Ice Sheet System Model developed at JPL for regional modeling. Broader Impacts include training two graduate students in computer simulations and ice sheet modeling algorithms. The work will also expand on a web-based interactive flowline model, so that it includes more realistic grounding line dynamics. | POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60)) | POINT(0 -89.999) | false | false | |||||||
NSFGEO-NERC: Collaborative Research "P2P: Predators to Plankton -Biophysical Controls in Antarctic Polynyas"
|
2040571 2040199 2040048 |
2021-10-25 | Ainley, David; Santora, Jarrod; Varsani, Arvind; Smith, Walker; Ballard, Grant; Schmidt, Annie |
|
Part I: Non-technical description: The Ross Sea, a globally important ecological hotspot, hosts 25-45% of the world populations of Adélie and emperor penguins, South Polar skuas, Antarctic petrels, and Weddell seals. It is also one of the few marine protected areas designated within the Southern Ocean, designed to protect the workings of its ecosystem. To achieve that goal requires participation in an international research and monitoring program, and more importantly integration of what is known about these mesopredators, which is a lot, and the biological oceanography of their habitat, parts of which are also well known. The project will acquire data on these species’ food web dynamics through assessing of Adélie penguin foraging behavior, an indicator species, while multi-sensor ocean gliders autonomously quantify prey abundance and distribution as well as ocean properties, including phytoplankton, at the base of the food web. Additionally, satellite imagery will quantify sea ice and whales (competitors) within the penguins’ foraging area. Seasoned researchers and students will be involved, as will a public outreach program that reaches >200 school groups per field season, and >1M visits to the website of an ongoing, related project. Lessons about ecosystem change, and how it is measured, i.e. the STEM fields, will be emphasized. Results will be distributed to the world science and management communities. Part II: Technical description: This project, in collaboration with the National Environmental Research Council (UK), assesses food web structure in the southwestern Ross Sea, a major portion of the recently designated Ross Sea Region Marine Protected Area, designed to protect the region’s “food web structure, dynamics and function.” Success requires in-depth, integated ecological information. The western Ross Sea, especially the marginal ice zone of the Ross Sea Polynya (RSP), supports global populations of iconic and indicator species: 25% of emperor penguins, 30% of Adélie penguins, 50% of South Polar skuas, and 45% of Weddell seals. However, while individually well researched, for these members of the upper food web information has been poorly integrated into understanding of Ross Sea food web dynamics and biogeochemistry. Information from multi-sensor ocean gliders, high-resolution satellite imagery, diet analysis and biologging of penguins, when integrated will facilitate understanding of the preyscape within the intensively investigated biogeochemistry of the RSP. UK participation covers a number of glider functions (e.g., providing a state-of-the-art glider at minimal cost, glider programming, ballasting, and operation) and supplies expertise to evaluate the oceanographic conditions of the study area. Several student will be involved, as well as an existing outreach program in a related penguin research project reaching annually >200 school groups and >1M website visits. | POLYGON((164 -74,165.6 -74,167.2 -74,168.8 -74,170.4 -74,172 -74,173.6 -74,175.2 -74,176.8 -74,178.4 -74,180 -74,180 -74.4,180 -74.8,180 -75.2,180 -75.6,180 -76,180 -76.4,180 -76.8,180 -77.2,180 -77.6,180 -78,178.4 -78,176.8 -78,175.2 -78,173.6 -78,172 -78,170.4 -78,168.8 -78,167.2 -78,165.6 -78,164 -78,164 -77.6,164 -77.2,164 -76.8,164 -76.4,164 -76,164 -75.6,164 -75.2,164 -74.8,164 -74.4,164 -74)) | POINT(172 -76) | false | false | |||||||
CAREER: Coastal Antarctic Snow Algae and Light Absorbing Particles: Snowmelt, Climate and Ecosystem Impacts
|
2046240 |
2021-09-10 | Khan, Alia | No dataset link provided | Rapid and persistent climate warming in the Western Antarctic Peninsula is likely resulting in intensified snow-algae growth and an extended bloom season in coastal areas. Similarly, deposition of light absorbing particles (LAPs) onto Antarctica cryosphere surfaces, such as black carbon from intensifying Southern Hemisphere wildfire seasons, and dust from the expansion of ice-free regions in the Antarctic Peninsula, may be increasing. The presence of snow algae blooms and LAPs enhance the absorption of solar radiation by snow and ice surfaces. This positive feedback creates a measurable radiative forcing, which can have immediate local and long-term regional impacts on albedo, snow melt and downstream ecosystems. This project will investigate the spatial and temporal distribution of snow algae, black carbon and dust across the Western Antarctica Peninsula region, their response to climate warming, and their role in regional snow and ice melt. Data will be collected across multiple spatial scales from in situ field measurements and sample collection to imagery from ground-based photos and high resolution multi-spectral satellite sensors. Ground measurements will inform development and application of novel algorithms to map algal bloom extent through time using 0.5-3m spatial resolution multi-spectral satellite imagery. Results will be used to improve snow algae parameterization in a new version of the Snow Ice Aerosol Radiation model (SNICARv3) that includes bio-albedo feedbacks, eventually informing models of ice-free area expansion through incorporation of SNICARv3 in the Community Earth System Model. Citizen scientists will be mentored and engaged in the research through an active partnership with the International Association of Antarctic Tour Operators that frequently visits the region. The cruise ship association will facilitate sampling to develop a unique snow algae observing network to validate remote sensing algorithms that map snow algae with high-resolution multi-spectral satellite imagery from space. These time-series will inform instantaneous and interannual radiative forcing calculations to assess impacts of snow algae and LAPs on regional snow melt. Quantifying the spatio-temporal growing season of snow algae and impacts from black carbon and dust will increase our ability to model their impact on snow melt, regional climate warming and ice-free expansion in the Antarctic Peninsula region. | POLYGON((-75 -62,-73.5 -62,-72 -62,-70.5 -62,-69 -62,-67.5 -62,-66 -62,-64.5 -62,-63 -62,-61.5 -62,-60 -62,-60 -62.85,-60 -63.7,-60 -64.55,-60 -65.4,-60 -66.25,-60 -67.1,-60 -67.95,-60 -68.8,-60 -69.65,-60 -70.5,-61.5 -70.5,-63 -70.5,-64.5 -70.5,-66 -70.5,-67.5 -70.5,-69 -70.5,-70.5 -70.5,-72 -70.5,-73.5 -70.5,-75 -70.5,-75 -69.65,-75 -68.8,-75 -67.95,-75 -67.1,-75 -66.25,-75 -65.4,-75 -64.55,-75 -63.7,-75 -62.85,-75 -62)) | POINT(-67.5 -66.25) | false | false | |||||||
Antarctic Meteorological Research and Data Center
|
1951603 |
2021-08-17 | Lazzara, Matthew; Havens, Jeffrey F |
|
The Antarctic Meteorological Research and Data Center (AMRDC) project will create an Antarctic meteorological observational data repository and archive system based on an open source platform to manage data from submission to end-user retrieval. The new archival system will host both currently available datasets and campaign meteorological datasets deposited by other Antarctic investigators. Both real-time meteorological data and archive data from the repository (e.g. Antarctic composite satellite imagery, AWS observations, etc.) will be accessible on a newly constructed website. The project will engage undergraduate and graduate students in order to provide them with meaningful experiences that can translate to any science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) career path. Project participants and students will be involved in case studies, climatology reporting and development of whitepapers on related topics. The outcomes of this project revolve around data, and the students, researchers, and decision makers who all use and rely on Antarctic meteorological data. The AMRDC will not only be a resource for users, but it will also provide investigators a repository to place campaign datasets and meet NSF standards and requirements. This project also aims to give students Antarctic field experiences who are considering a career in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM). | POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60)) | POINT(0 -89.999) | false | false | |||||||
A Multi-scale Approach to Understanding Spatial and Population Variability in Emperor Penguins
|
1744989 1744794 |
2021-07-14 | LaRue, Michelle; Ito, Emi; Jenouvrier, Stephanie | This project on emperor penguin populations will quantify penguin presence/absence, and colony size and trajectory, across the entire Antarctic continent using high-resolution satellite imagery. For a subset of the colonies, population estimates derived from high-resolution satellite images will be compared with those determined by aerial surveys - these results have been uploaded to MAPPPD (penguinmap.com) and are freely available for use. This validated information will be used to determine population estimates for all emperor penguin colonies through iterations of supervised classification and maximum likelihood calculations on the high-resolution imagery. The effect of spatial, geophysical, and environmental variables on population size and decadal-scale trends will be assessed using generalized linear models. This research will result in a first ever empirical result for emperor penguin population trends and habitat suitability, and will leverage currently-funded NSF infrastructure and hosting sites to publish results in near-real time to the public. | POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60)) | POINT(0 -89.999) | false | false | ||||||||
The Reference Elevation Model of Antarctica
|
1543501 |
2021-05-18 | Howat, Ian; Myoung-Jong Noh, |
|
The Reference Elevation Model of Antarctica (REMA) is the first continental-scale digital elevation model (DEM) at a resolution of less than 10 m. REMA is created from stereophotogrammetry with submeter resolution optical, commercial satellite imagery. The higher spatial and radiometric resolutions of this imagery enable high-quality surface extraction over the low-contrast ice sheet surface. The DEMs are registered to satellite radar and laser altimetry and are mosaicked to provide a continuous surface covering nearly 95 % the entire continent. The mosaic includes an error estimate and a time stamp, enabling change measurement. Typical elevation errors are less than 1 m, as validated by the comparison to airborne laser altimetry. REMA provides a powerful new resource for Antarctic science and provides a proof of concept for generating accurate high-resolution repeat topography at continental scales. | POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60)) | POINT(0 -89.999) | false | false | |||||||
None
|
None | 2020-05-04 | None |
|
None | None | None | false | false | |||||||
Collaborative Research: Lithospheric Controls on the Behavior of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet: Corridor Aerogeophysics of Eastern Ross Transect Zone
|
9319854 9319369 9319877 |
2020-04-24 | Bell, Robin; Blankenship, Donald D.; Finn, C. A. | This award supports a project to conduct an integrated geophysical survey over a large portion of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) toward an understanding of the dynamic behavior of the ice sheet and the nature of the lithosphere beneath the ice sheet. West Antarctica is characterized by two kinds of the Earth s most dynamic systems, a continental rift (the West Antarctic Rift System) and a marine based ice sheet (the WAIS). Active continental rift systems, caused by divergent plate motions, result in thinned continental crust. Associated with the thin crust are fault-bounded sedimentary basins, active volcanism, and elevated heat flow. Marine ice sheets are characterized by rapidly moving streams of ice, penetrating and draining a slowly moving ice reservoir. Evidence left by past marine ice sheets indicates that they may have a strongly non- linear response to long-term climate change which results in massive and rapid discharges of ice. Understanding the evolution of the ice stream system and its interaction with the interior ice is the key to understanding this non-linear response. Subglacial geology and ice dynamics are generally studied in isolation, but evidence is mounting that the behavior of the West Antarctic ice streams may be closely linked to the nature of the underlying West Antarctic rift system. The fast moving ice streams appear to glide on a lubricating layer of water-saturated till. This till requires easily eroded sediment and a source of water, both of which may be controlled by the geology of the rift system; the sediments from the fault-bounded basins and the water from the elevated heat flux associated with active lithospheric extension. This project represents an interdisciplinary aerogeophysical study to characterize the lithosphere of the West Antarctic rift system beneath critical regions of the WAIS. The objective is to determine the effects of the rift architect ure, as manifested by the distribution of sedimentary basins and volcanic constructs, on the ice stream system. The research tool is a unique geophysical aircraft with laser altimetry, ice penetrating radar, aerogravity, and aeromagnetic systems integrated with a high precision kinematic GPS navigation system. It is capable of imaging both the surface and bed of the ice sheet while simultaneously measuring the gravity and magnetic signature of the subglacial lithosphere. Work to be done under this award will build on work already completed in the southern sector of central West Antarctica and it will focus on the region of the Byrd Subglacial Basin and Ice Stream D. The ice sheet in these regions is completely covered by satellite imagery and so this project will be integrated with remote sensing studies of the ice stream. The changing dynamics of Ice Stream D, as with other West Antarctic ice streams, seem to be correlated with changes in the morphological provinces of the underlying rift system. The experimental targets proceed from the divide of the interior ice, downstream through the onset of streaming to the trunk of Ice Stream D. This study will be coordinated with surface glaciological investigations of Ice Stream D and will be used to guide cooperative over-snow seismic investigations of the central West Antarctic rift system. The data will also be used to select a site for future deep ice coring along the crest of the WAIS. These data represent baseline data for long term global change monitoring work and represent crucial boundary conditions for ice sheet modeling efforts. | POLYGON((-155 -77.5,-150 -77.5,-145 -77.5,-140 -77.5,-135 -77.5,-130 -77.5,-125 -77.5,-120 -77.5,-115 -77.5,-110 -77.5,-105 -77.5,-105 -78.2,-105 -78.9,-105 -79.6,-105 -80.3,-105 -81,-105 -81.7,-105 -82.4,-105 -83.1,-105 -83.8,-105 -84.5,-110 -84.5,-115 -84.5,-120 -84.5,-125 -84.5,-130 -84.5,-135 -84.5,-140 -84.5,-145 -84.5,-150 -84.5,-155 -84.5,-155 -83.8,-155 -83.1,-155 -82.4,-155 -81.7,-155 -81,-155 -80.3,-155 -79.6,-155 -78.9,-155 -78.2,-155 -77.5)) | POINT(-130 -81) | false | false | ||||||||
Collaborative Research: Water on the Antarctic Ice Sheet: Quantifying Surface Melt and Mapping Supraglacial Lakes
|
1643733 1643715 |
2020-03-16 | Moussavi, Mahsa; Pope, Allen; Trusel, Luke |
|
Melting of snow and ice at the surface of the Antarctic ice sheet can lead to the formation of meltwater lakes, an important precursor to ice-shelf collapse and accelerated ice-sheet mass loss. Understanding the present state of Antarctic surface melt provides a baseline to gauge how quickly melt impacts could evolve in the future and to reduce uncertainties in estimates of future sea-level rise. This project will use a suite of complimentary measurements from Earth-observing satellites, ground observations, and numerical climate and ice-shelf models to enhance understanding of surface melt and lakes, as well as the processes linking these systems. The project directly supports the scientific training of a postdoctoral associate and several undergraduate researchers. In addition, it will promote public scientific literacy and the broadening of quantitative skills for high-school students through the development and implementation of an educational unit in a partnership with an education and outreach expert and two high school teachers.<br/><br/>Accurate prediction of sea-level contributions from Antarctica critically requires understanding current melting and supraglacial lake conditions. This project will quantify Antarctic surface melt and supraglacial lakes, and the linkages between the two phenomena. Scatterometer data will enable generation of a 19-year multi-sensor melt time series. Synthetic aperture radar data will document melt conditions across all Antarctic ice shelves at the highest spatial resolution to date (40 m). Multispectral satellite imagery will be used to delineate and measure the depth of supraglacial lakes--for the first time studying the spatial and temporal variations of Antarctic supraglacial lakes. Melt and lake observations will be compared to identify agreement and disagreement. Melt observations will be used to evaluate biases in a widely used, reanalysis-driven, regional climate model. This model will then be used to examine climatic and glaciological variables associated with supraglacial lakes. Finally, in situ observations and climate model output will drive a numerical model that simulates the entire lifecycle of surface melt and possible subsequent lake formation. | POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60)) | POINT(0 -89.999) | false | false | |||||||
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Remote Characterization of Microbial Mats in Taylor Valley, Antarctica, through In Situ Sampling and Spectral Validation
|
1744849 1744785 1745053 |
2019-07-03 | Salvatore, Mark; Barrett, John; Sokol, Eric |
|
Microbial mats are found throughout the McMurdo Dry Valleys where summer snowmelt provides liquid water that allows these mats to flourish. Researchers have long studied the environmental conditions microbial mats need to grow. Despite these efforts, it has been difficult to develop a broad picture of these unique ecosystems. Recent advances in satellite technology now provide researchers an exciting new tool to study these special Antarctic ecosystems from space using the unique spectral signatures associated with microbial mats. This new technology not only offers the promise that microbial mats can be mapped and studied from space, this research will also help protect these delicate environments from potentially harmful human impacts that can occur when studying them from the ground. This project will use satellite imagery and spectroscopic techniques to identify and map microbial mat communities and relate their properties and distributions to both field and lab-based measurements. This research provides an exciting new tool to help document and understand the distribution of a major component of the Antarctic ecosystem in the McMurdo Dry Valleys. The goal of this project is to establish quantitative relationships between spectral signatures derived from orbit and the physiological status and biogeochemical properties of microbial mat communities in Taylor Valley, Antarctica, as measured by field and laboratory analyses on collected samples. The goal will be met by (1) refining atmospheric correction techniques using in situ radiometric rectification to derive accurate surface spectra; (2) collecting multispectral orbital images concurrent with in situ sampling and spectral measurements in the field to ensure temporal comparability; (3) measuring sediment, water, and microbial mat samples for organic and inorganic carbon content, essential biogeochemical nutrients, and chlorophyll-a to determine relevant mat characteristics; and (4) quantitatively associating these laboratory-derived characteristics with field-derived and orbital spectral signatures and parameters. The result of this work will be a more robust quantitative link between the distribution of microbial mat communities and their biogeochemical properties to landscape-scale spectral signatures. This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria. | POLYGON((162.92 -77.56,162.971 -77.56,163.022 -77.56,163.073 -77.56,163.124 -77.56,163.175 -77.56,163.226 -77.56,163.277 -77.56,163.328 -77.56,163.379 -77.56,163.43 -77.56,163.43 -77.571,163.43 -77.582,163.43 -77.593,163.43 -77.604,163.43 -77.615,163.43 -77.626,163.43 -77.637,163.43 -77.648,163.43 -77.659,163.43 -77.67,163.379 -77.67,163.328 -77.67,163.277 -77.67,163.226 -77.67,163.175 -77.67,163.124 -77.67,163.073 -77.67,163.022 -77.67,162.971 -77.67,162.92 -77.67,162.92 -77.659,162.92 -77.648,162.92 -77.637,162.92 -77.626,162.92 -77.615,162.92 -77.604,162.92 -77.593,162.92 -77.582,162.92 -77.571,162.92 -77.56)) | POINT(163.175 -77.615) | false | false | |||||||
Collaborative Research: Seasonal Sea Ice Production in the Ross Sea, Antarctica
|
1341513 1543483 1341606 1341717 1341725 |
2019-06-10 | Ackley, Stephen; Bell, Robin; Weissling, Blake; Nuss, Wendell; Maksym, Edward; Stammerjohn, Sharon; Cassano, John; Guest, Peter; Sedwick, Peter; Xie, Hongjie | The one place on Earth consistently showing increases in sea ice area, duration, and concentration is the Ross Sea in Antarctica. Satellite imagery shows about half of the Ross Sea increases are associated with changes in the austral fall, when the new sea ice is forming. The most pronounced changes are also located near polynyas, which are areas of open ocean surrounded by sea ice. To understand the processes driving the sea ice increase, and to determine if the increase in sea ice area is also accompanied by a change in ice thickness, this project will conduct an oceanographic cruise to the polynyas of the Ross Sea in April and May, 2017, which is the austral fall. The team will deploy state of the art research tools including unmanned airborne systems (UASs, commonly called drones), autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), and remotely operated underwater vehicles (ROVs). Using these tools and others, the team will study atmospheric, oceanic, and sea ice properties and processes concurrently. A change in sea ice production will necessarily change the ocean water below, which may have significant consequences for global ocean circulation patterns, a topic of international importance. All the involved institutions will be training students, and all share the goal of expanding climate literacy in the US, emphasizing the role high latitudes play in the Earth's dynamic climate.<br/><br/>The main goal of the project is to improve estimates of sea ice production and water mass transformation in the Ross Sea. The team will fully capture the spatial and temporal changes in air-ice-ocean interactions when they are initiated in the austral fall, and then track the changes into the winter and spring using ice buoys, and airborne mapping with the newly commissioned IcePod instrument system, which is deployed on the US Antarctic Program's LC-130 fleet. The oceanographic cruise will include stations in and outside of both the Terra Nova Bay and Ross Ice Shelf polynyas. Measurements to be made include air-sea boundary layer fluxes of heat, freshwater, and trace gases, radiation, and meteorology in the air; ice formation processes, ice thickness, snow depth, mass balance, and ice drift within the sea ice zone; and temperature, salinity, and momentum in the ocean below. Following collection of the field data, the team will improve both model parameterizations of air-sea-ice interactions and remote sensing algorithms. Model parameterizations are needed to determine if sea-ice production has increased in crucial areas, and if so, why (e.g., stronger winds or fresher oceans). The remote sensing validation will facilitate change detection over wider areas and verify model predictions over time. Accordingly this project will contribute to the international Southern Ocean Observing System (SOOS) goal of measuring essential climate variables continuously to monitor the state of the ocean and ice cover into the future. | POLYGON((-180 -55,-177 -55,-174 -55,-171 -55,-168 -55,-165 -55,-162 -55,-159 -55,-156 -55,-153 -55,-150 -55,-150 -57.3,-150 -59.6,-150 -61.9,-150 -64.2,-150 -66.5,-150 -68.8,-150 -71.1,-150 -73.4,-150 -75.7,-150 -78,-153 -78,-156 -78,-159 -78,-162 -78,-165 -78,-168 -78,-171 -78,-174 -78,-177 -78,180 -78,178 -78,176 -78,174 -78,172 -78,170 -78,168 -78,166 -78,164 -78,162 -78,160 -78,160 -75.7,160 -73.4,160 -71.1,160 -68.8,160 -66.5,160 -64.2,160 -61.9,160 -59.6,160 -57.3,160 -55,162 -55,164 -55,166 -55,168 -55,170 -55,172 -55,174 -55,176 -55,178 -55,-180 -55)) | POINT(-175 -66.5) | false | false | ||||||||
LTER: Ecosystem Response to Amplified Landscape Connectivity in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica
|
1637708 |
2019-05-31 | Gooseff, Michael N.; Takacs-Vesbach, Cristina; Howkins, Adrian; McKnight, Diane; Doran, Peter; Adams, Byron; Barrett, John; Morgan-Kiss, Rachael; Priscu, John |
|
The McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, are a mosaic of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in a cold desert. The McMurdo Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project has been observing these ecosystems since 1993 and this award will support key long-term measurements, manipulation experiments, synthesis, and modeling to test current theories on ecosystem structure and function. Data collection is focused on meteorology and physical and biological dimensions of soils, streams, lakes, glaciers, and permafrost. The long-term measurements show that biological communities have adapted to the seasonally cold, dark, and arid conditions that prevail for all but a short period in the austral summer. Physical (climate and geological) drivers impart a dynamic connectivity among portions of the Dry Valley landscape over seasonal to millennial time scales. For instance, lakes and soils have been connected through cycles of lake-level rise and fall over the past 20,000 years while streams connect glaciers to lakes over seasonal time scales. Overlaid upon this physical system are biotic communities that are structured by the environment and by the movement of individual organisms within and between the glaciers, streams, lakes, and soils. The new work to be conducted at the McMurdo LTER site will explore how the layers of connectivity in the McMurdo Dry Valleys influence ecosystem structure and function. This project will test the hypothesis that increased ecological connectivity following enhanced melt conditions within the McMurdo Dry Valleys ecosystem will amplify exchange of biota, energy, and matter, homogenizing ecosystem structure and functioning. This hypothesis will be tested with new and continuing experiments that examine: 1) how climate variation alters connectivity among landscape units, and 2) how biota are connected across a heterogeneous landscape using state-of-the-science tools and methods including automated sensor networks, analysis of seasonal satellite imagery, biogeochemical analyses, and next-generation sequencing. McMurdo LTER education programs and outreach activities will be continued, and expanded with new programs associated with the 200th anniversary of the first recorded sightings of Antarctica. These activities will advance societal understanding of how polar ecosystems respond to change. McMurdo LTER will continue its mission of training and mentoring students, postdocs, and early career scientists as the next generation of leaders in polar ecosystem science, and lead the development of international environmental stewardship protocols for human activities in the region. | POLYGON((160 -77.25,160.5 -77.25,161 -77.25,161.5 -77.25,162 -77.25,162.5 -77.25,163 -77.25,163.5 -77.25,164 -77.25,164.5 -77.25,165 -77.25,165 -77.375,165 -77.5,165 -77.625,165 -77.75,165 -77.875,165 -78,165 -78.125,165 -78.25,165 -78.375,165 -78.5,164.5 -78.5,164 -78.5,163.5 -78.5,163 -78.5,162.5 -78.5,162 -78.5,161.5 -78.5,161 -78.5,160.5 -78.5,160 -78.5,160 -78.375,160 -78.25,160 -78.125,160 -78,160 -77.875,160 -77.75,160 -77.625,160 -77.5,160 -77.375,160 -77.25)) | POINT(162.5 -77.875) | false | false | |||||||
EAGER: Surface Variability and Spectral Analyses of the Central Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica
|
1758224 |
2019-03-14 | Salvatore, Mark |
|
Intellectual Merit:<br/>Ice free rock outcrops in the Transantarctic Mountains provide the only accessible windows into the interior of the ice covered Antarctic continent; they are extremely remote and difficult to study. This region also hosts the highest latitude ice-free valley systems on the planet. Based on two interdisciplinary workshops, the Transantarctic region near the Shackleton Glacier has been identified as a high priority site for further studies, with a field camp proposed for the 2015-2016 Antarctic field season. The geology of this region has been studied since the heroic era of Antarctic exploration, in the early 1900s, but geologic mapping has not been updated in more than forty years, and existing maps are at poor resolution (typically 1:250,000).<br/><br/>This project would utilize the WorldView-2 multispectral orbital dataset to supplement original geologic mapping efforts near the proposed 2015-2016 Shackleton Glacier camp. The WorldView-2 satellite is the only multispectral orbiting sensor capable of imaging the entirety of the Transantarctic Mountains, and all necessary data are currently available to the Polar Geospatial Center. High-latitude atmospheric correction of multispectral data for geologic investigations has only recently been tested, but has never been applied to WorldView-2 data, and never for observations of this type. Therefore, this research will require technique refinements and methodological developements to accomplish the goals. Atmospheric correction refinements and spectral validation will be made possible by laboratory spectroscopic measurements of rock samples currently stored at the U.S. Polar Rock Repository, at the Ohio State University. This project will result in spectral unit identification and boundary mapping at a factor of four higher resolution (1:62,500) than previous geologic mapping efforts, and more detailed investigations (1:5,123) are possible at resolutions more than a factor of forty-eight improved over previous geologic maps. Validated spectral mapping at these improved resolutions will allow for detailed lithologic, and potentially biologic, mapping using existing satellite imagery. This will greatly enhance planning capabilities, thus maximizing the efficiency of the scientific research and support logistics associated with the Shackleton Glacier deep field camp.<br/><br/>Broader impacts:<br/>The proposed work will have multiple impacts on the broader scientific community. First, the refinement of existing atmospheric correction methodologies, and the development of new spectral mapping techniques, may substantially improve our ability to remotely investigate geologic surfaces throughout Antarctica. The ability to validate this orbital dataset will be of use to both current and future geologic, environmental, and biologic studies, potentially across the entire continent. The project will yield a specific spectral mapping product (at a scale of 1:62,500) to the scientific community by a targeted date of 01 March 2014, in order to support proposals submitted to the National Science Foundation for the proposed 2015/2016 Shackleton Glacier camp. High-resolution spectral mapping products (up to a maximum resolution of 2 meters per pixel) will also be generated for regions of particular scientific interest. The use of community based resources, such as Polar Geospatial Center (PGC) imagery and U.S. Polar Rock Repository rock samples, will generate new synergistic and collaborative research possibilities within the Antarctic research community. In addition, the lead PI (Salvatore) is an early career scientist who is active in both Antarctic and planetary remote sensing. There are overlaps in the calibration, correction, and validation of remote spectral datasets for Antarctic and planetary applications which can lead to benefits and insights to an early career PI, as well as the two communities. | POLYGON((-180 -83,-178 -83,-176 -83,-174 -83,-172 -83,-170 -83,-168 -83,-166 -83,-164 -83,-162 -83,-160 -83,-160 -83.4,-160 -83.8,-160 -84.2,-160 -84.6,-160 -85,-160 -85.4,-160 -85.8,-160 -86.2,-160 -86.6,-160 -87,-162 -87,-164 -87,-166 -87,-168 -87,-170 -87,-172 -87,-174 -87,-176 -87,-178 -87,180 -87,178 -87,176 -87,174 -87,172 -87,170 -87,168 -87,166 -87,164 -87,162 -87,160 -87,160 -86.6,160 -86.2,160 -85.8,160 -85.4,160 -85,160 -84.6,160 -84.2,160 -83.8,160 -83.4,160 -83,162 -83,164 -83,166 -83,168 -83,170 -83,172 -83,174 -83,176 -83,178 -83,-180 -83)) | POINT(180 -85) | false | false | |||||||
Impact of Supraglacial Lakes on Ice-Shelf Stability
|
1443126 |
2018-07-24 | MacAyeal, Douglas | Meltwater lakes that sit on top of Antarctica's floating ice shelves have likely contributed to the dramatic changes seen in Antarctica's glacial ice cover over the past two decades. In 2002, the 1,600-square-kilometer Larsen B Ice Shelf located on the Eastern side of the Antarctic Peninsula, for example, broke into thousands of small icebergs, which subsequently floated away as a result of the formation of more than 2,000 meltwater lakes on its surface over the prior decade. Our research project addresses the reasons why surface lakes form on Antarctic ice shelves and how these surface lakes subsequently contribute to the forces that may contribute to ice-shelf breakup like that of the Larsen B. Our project focuses primarily on making precise global positioning system (GPS) measurements of ice-shelf bending in response to the filling and draining of a surface lake on the McMurdo Ice Shelf. The observed vertical displacements (on the order of tens of centimeters) in response to lake filling will be used to calibrate and test computer simulation models that predict the response of ice shelves to surface lakes more generally and in a variety of future climate conditions. Our project will make hourly measurements of both vertical ice-shelf movements (using GPS surveying instruments) and of temperature and sunlight conditions (that drive melting) around a surface lake located close to the McMurdo Station airfield. Following this initial data-gathering effort, computer simulations and other more theoretical analysis will be undertaken to determine the suitability of the chosen McMurdo Ice Shelf surface lake as a field-laboratory for continued study. Ultimately, the research will contribute to understanding of the glaciological processes that link climate change to rising sea level. A successful outcome of the research will allow glaciologists to better assess the processes that promote or erode the influence Antarctic ice shelves have in controlling the transfer of ice from the interior of Antarctica into the ocean. The project will undertake two outreach activities: (1) web-posting of a field-activity journal and (2) establishing an open-access glaciological teaching and outreach web-sharing site for the International Glaciological Society.<br/><br/>The proposed project seeks to experimentally verify a theory of ice-shelf instability proposed to explain the explosive break-up of Larsen B Ice Shelf in 2002. This theory holds that the filling and draining of supraglacial lakes on floating ice shelves induces sufficient flexure stress within the ice to (a) induce upward/downward propagating fractures originating at the base/surface of the ice shelf that (b) dissect the ice shelf into fragments that tend to have widths less than about half the ice thickness. The significance of narrow widths is that they promote capsize of the ice-shelf fragments during the break-up process. This capsize releases large amounts of gravitational potential energy (comparable to thousands of kilotons of TNT for the Larsen B Ice Shelf) thereby promoting explosiveness of the Larsen B event. The observational motivation for experimentally verifying the surface-lake mechanism for ice-shelf breakup is based on the fact that >2,000 surface lakes developed on the Larsen B Ice Shelf in the decade prior to its break up, and that these lakes were observed (via satellite imagery) to drain in a coordinated fashion during the day prior to the initiation of the break up.<br/><br/>The field-observation component of the project will focus on a supraglacial lake on the McMurdo Ice Shelf where there is persistent summer season surface melting. The lake will be studied during a single provisional field season to determine whether grooming of surrounding surface streams and shorelines with heavy construction equipment will allow surface water to be manually encouraged to fill the lake. If successfully encouraged to develop, the McMurdo Ice Shelf surface lake will allow measurements of key ice-shelf flexure and stress variables needed to develop the theory of ice-shelf surface lakes without having to access the much more logistically demanding surface lakes of ice-shelves located elsewhere in Antarctica. Data to be gathered during the 6-week provisional field season include: energy- and water-balance parameters determining how the surface lake grows and fills, and various global positioning system measurements of the vertical bending of the ice sheet in response to the changing meltwater load contained within the surface lake. These data will be used to (1) constrain a computer model of viscoelastic flexure and possible fracture of the ice shelf in response to the increasing load of meltwater in the lake, and (2) determine whether continued study of the incipient surface-meltwater lake features on the McMurdo Ice Shelf provides a promising avenue for constraining the more-general behavior of surface meltwater lakes on other ice shelves located in warmer parts of Antarctica. Computer models constrained by the observational data obtained from the field project will inform energy- and water-balance models of ice shelves in general, and allow more accurate forecasts of changing ice-shelf conditions surrounding the inland ice of Antarctica. The project will create the first-ever ground-based observations useful for spawning the development of models capable of predicting viscoelastic and fracture behavior of ice shelves in response to supraglacial lake evolution, including slow changes due to energy balance effects, as well as fast changes due to filling and draining. | POLYGON((166.1631 -77.9007,166.19736 -77.9007,166.23162 -77.9007,166.26588 -77.9007,166.30014 -77.9007,166.3344 -77.9007,166.36866 -77.9007,166.40292 -77.9007,166.43718 -77.9007,166.47144 -77.9007,166.5057 -77.9007,166.5057 -77.90423,166.5057 -77.90776,166.5057 -77.91129,166.5057 -77.91482,166.5057 -77.91835,166.5057 -77.92188,166.5057 -77.92541,166.5057 -77.92894,166.5057 -77.93247,166.5057 -77.936,166.47144 -77.936,166.43718 -77.936,166.40292 -77.936,166.36866 -77.936,166.3344 -77.936,166.30014 -77.936,166.26588 -77.936,166.23162 -77.936,166.19736 -77.936,166.1631 -77.936,166.1631 -77.93247,166.1631 -77.92894,166.1631 -77.92541,166.1631 -77.92188,166.1631 -77.91835,166.1631 -77.91482,166.1631 -77.91129,166.1631 -77.90776,166.1631 -77.90423,166.1631 -77.9007)) | POINT(166.3344 -77.91835) | false | false | ||||||||
Collaborative Research: Activation of high-elevation alluvial fans in the Transantarctic Mountains - a proxy for Plio-Pleistocene warmth along East Antarctic ice margins
|
1043554 |
2016-11-09 | Willenbring, Jane |
|
Intellectual Merit: <br/>The PIs propose to address the question of whether ice surface melting zones developed at high elevations during warm climatic phases in the Transantarctic Mountains. Evidence from sediment cores drilled by the ANDRILL program indicates that open water in the Ross Sea could have been a source of warmth during Pliocene and Pleistocene. The question is whether marine warmth penetrated inland to the ice sheet margins. The glacial record may be ill suited to answer this question, as cold-based glaciers may respond too slowly to register brief warmth. Questions also surround possible orbital controls on regional climate and ice sheet margins. Northern Hemisphere insolation at obliquity and precession timescales is thought to control Antarctic climate through oceanic or atmospheric connections, but new thinking suggests that the duration of Southern Hemisphere summer may be more important. The PIs propose to use high elevation alluvial deposits in the Transantarctic Mountains as a proxy for inland warmth. These relatively young fans, channels, and debris flow levees stand out as visible evidence for the presence of melt water in an otherwise ancient, frozen landscape. Based on initial analyses of an alluvial fan in the Olympus Range, these deposits are sensitive recorders of rare melt events that occur at orbital timescales. For their study they will 1) map alluvial deposits using aerial photography, satellite imagery and GPS assisted field surveys to establish water sources and to quantify parameters effecting melt water production, 2) date stratigraphic sequences within these deposits using OSL, cosmogenic nuclide, and interbedded volcanic ash chronologies, 3) use paired nuclide analyses to estimate exposure and burial times, and rates of deposition and erosion, and 4) use micro and regional scale climate modeling to estimate paleoenvironmental conditions associated with melt events.<br/><br/>Broader impacts: <br/>This study will produce a record of inland melting from sites adjacent to ice sheet margins to help determine controls on regional climate along margins of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet to aid ice sheet and sea level modeling studies. The proposal will support several graduate and undergraduates. A PhD student will be supported on existing funding. The PIs will work with multiple K 12 schools to conduct interviews and webcasts from Antarctica and they will make follow up visits to classrooms after the field season is complete. | POINT(161.5 -77.5) | POINT(161.5 -77.5) | false | false | |||||||
Contribution of Western Antarctic Peninsula glaciers to sea level rise: Separation of the dynamic and climatic components
|
1043649 |
2016-02-17 | Hock, Regine; Osmanoglu, Batuhan |
|
1043649/Braun<br/><br/><br/>This award supports a project to determine the current mass balance of selected glaciers of the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) and adjacent islands, including King George Island and Livingston Island. A major goal is to discriminate the climatic and dynamic components of the current mass budget. The dynamic component will be assessed using a flux gate approach. Glacier velocity fields will be derived by offset tracking on repeat SAR satellite imagery, and ice thicknesses across grounding lines or near terminus will be approximated from a new methods based on mass continuity. The surface mass balance will be computed from a spatially distributed temperature-index mass-balance model forced by temperature and precipitation data from regional climate models. Our results will provide improved mass budget estimates of Western Antarctic Peninsula glaciers and a more thorough understanding of the ratio between the climatic and dynamic components. The techniques to be developed will be applicable to other glaciers in the region allowing regional scale mass budgets to be derived. The broader impacts of this work are that glacier wastage is currently the most important contributor to global sea level rise and the Antarctic Peninsula has been identified as one of the largest single contributors. Future sea-level rise has major societal, economic and ecological implications. The activity will foster new partnerships through collaboration with European and South American colleagues. The project will form the base of of a postdoctoral research fellowship. It will also provide training of undergraduate and graduate students through inclusion of data and results in course curriculums. | None | None | false | false | |||||||
Geomorphic investigations of Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica
|
1144224 |
2015-10-23 | Marchant, David | No dataset link provided | Intellectual Merit: <br/>The PIs propose a two-year project to map the distribution of climate-sensitive landforms throughout Northern Victoria Land between the Convoy Range and Cape Adare. This work will produce geospatial products to aid their geomorphic work on ice sheet stability and landscape evolution. Specifically, the PI will investigate the potential for extensive surface melting and ice-sheet retreat with modest warming in areas north of the Convoy Range in Northern Victoria Land. The hypothesis is that if key landform elements of the Dry Valleys assemblage are lacking in NVL it suggests a major variation in current climate conditions, and perhaps changes in climate evolution. The proposed work will also benefit the broader research community, as it will demonstrate the potential for using geospatial imagery in geomorphic research and produce geospatial products that can be used by other researchers. <br/><br/>Broader impacts: <br/>This work will help the research community better leverage the investment being made in the Polar Geospatial Center (PGC) and will help further demonstrate the significance of satellite imagery for doing ?virtual? field work in the Polar regions. More effective use of satellite imagery by field scientists in Antarctica will help reduce the logistical footprint on the Continent. The proposed research will support one graduate student at Boston University who will be trained in image analysis, map production, Antarctic geomorphology, and geospatial technologies. The proposed work will help to forge stronger links between PGC and Boston University?s Digital Image Analyses Lab (DIAL). | POLYGON((160 -71.5,161 -71.5,162 -71.5,163 -71.5,164 -71.5,165 -71.5,166 -71.5,167 -71.5,168 -71.5,169 -71.5,170 -71.5,170 -72.15,170 -72.8,170 -73.45,170 -74.1,170 -74.75,170 -75.4,170 -76.05,170 -76.7,170 -77.35,170 -78,169 -78,168 -78,167 -78,166 -78,165 -78,164 -78,163 -78,162 -78,161 -78,160 -78,160 -77.35,160 -76.7,160 -76.05,160 -75.4,160 -74.75,160 -74.1,160 -73.45,160 -72.8,160 -72.15,160 -71.5)) | POINT(165 -74.75) | false | false | |||||||
Subglacial Lakes and the Onset of Ice Streaming: Recovery Lakes
|
0636883 |
2013-04-02 | Bell, Robin; Studinger, Michael S. |
|
Bell/0636883<br/><br/>This award support a project to study the role that subglacial water plays in the overall stability of major ice sheets. An estimated 22,000 km3 of water is currently stored within Antarctica's subglacial lakes. Movement of this water occurs through a complex and largely inferred drainage system in both East and West Antarctica. Geomorphic evidence for the catastrophic drainage of subglacial lakes documents repeated events. These major flood events appear to have drained the largest subglacial lakes situated in the relatively stable interior of the East Antarctic ice sheet. Emerging evidence suggests there is a close connection between significant subglacial lakes and the onset of the Recovery Ice Stream one of the largest in East Antarctica. Our preliminary analysis of the Recovery Lakes region, East Antarctica suggests a direct linkage between lakes and streaming ice flow, specifically the 800 km long Recovery Ice Stream and its tributaries. Located just upslope of the Recovery Ice Stream, the Recovery Lakes Region is composed of 3 well-defined lakes and a fourth, ambiguous, 'lake-like' feature. While other large lakes have a localized impact on ice surface slope, the Recovery Lakes Region lakes are coincident with an abrupt regional change in the ice sheet surface slope. Satellite imagery demonstrates that the downslope margin of this lake area contains distinct flow strips and crevasses: both indicative of increasing ice velocities. The discovery of a series of large lakes coincident with the onset of rapid ice flow in East Antarctica clearly links subglacial lakes and ice sheet dynamics for the first time. The evidence linking the onset of streaming in the Recovery Drainage Ice Stream to the series of large subglacial lakes raises the fundamental question: How can subglacial lakes trigger the onset of ice streaming? We advance two possible mechanisms: (i) Subglacial lakes can produce accelerated ice flow through the drainage of lake water beneath the ice sheet downslope of the lakes. (ii) Subglacial lakes can produce accelerated ice flow accelerated ice flow by modifying the basal thermal gradient via basal accretion over the lakes so when the ice sheet regrounds basal melting dominates. To evaluate the contribution of lake water and the changing basal thermal gradient, we propose an integrated program incorporating satellite imagery analysis, a series of reconnaissance aerogeophysical profiles over the Recovery Lake Region and the installation of continuous GPS sites over the Recovery Lakes. This analysis and new data will enable us (1) to produce a velocity field over the Recovery Lakes Region, (2) to map the ice thickness changes over the lakes due to acceleration triggered thinning, basal melting and freezing, (3) determine the depth and possible the tectonic origin of the Recovery Lakes and (4) determine the stability of these lakes over time. These basic data sets will enable us to advance our understanding of how subglacial lakes trigger the onset of streaming. The intellectual merit of this project is that it will be the first systematic analysis of ice streams triggering the onset of ice streams. This work has profound implications for the modeling of ice sheet behavior in the future, the geologic record of abrupt climate changes and the longevity of subglacial lakes. The broader impacts of the project are programs that will reach students of all ages through undergraduates involved in the research, formal presentations in teacher education programs and ongoing public outreach efforts at major science museums. Subglacial Antarctic lake environments are emerging as a premier, major frontier for exploration during the IPY 2007-2009. | POLYGON((20 -75,23 -75,26 -75,29 -75,32 -75,35 -75,38 -75,41 -75,44 -75,47 -75,50 -75,50 -76.5,50 -78,50 -79.5,50 -81,50 -82.5,50 -84,50 -85.5,50 -87,50 -88.5,50 -90,47 -90,44 -90,41 -90,38 -90,35 -90,32 -90,29 -90,26 -90,23 -90,20 -90,20 -88.5,20 -87,20 -85.5,20 -84,20 -82.5,20 -81,20 -79.5,20 -78,20 -76.5,20 -75)) | POINT(35 -82.5) | false | false | |||||||
Collaborative Research: Salpa Thompsoni in the Southern Ocean: Bioenergetics, Population Dynamics and Biogeochemical Impact
|
0338090 0338290 |
2010-05-04 | Kremer, Patricia; Madin, Larry; Halanych, Kenneth |
|
Salps are planktonic grazers that have a life history, feeding biology and population dynamic strikingly different from krill, copepods or other crustacean zooplankton. Salps can occur in very dense population blooms that cover large areas and have been shown to have major impacts due to the their grazing and the production of fast-sinking fecal pellets. Although commonly acknowledged as a major component of the Southern Ocean zooplankton community, often comparable in biomass and distribution to krill, salps have received relatively little attention. Although extensive sampling has documented the seasonal abundance of salps in the Southern Ocean, there is a paucity of data on important rates that determine population growth and the role of this species in grazing and vertical flux of particulates. This proposed study will include: measurements of respiration and excretion rates for solitary and aggregate salps of all sizes; measurements of ingestion rates, including experiments to determine the size or concentration of particulates that can reduce ingestion; and determination of growth rates of solitaries and aggregates. In addition to the various rate measurements, this study will include quantitative surveys of salp horizontal and vertical distribution to determine their biomass and spatial distribution, and to allow a regional assessment of their effects. Measurements of the physical characteristics of the water column and the quantity and quality of particulate food available for the salps at each location will also be made. Satellite imagery and information on sea-ice cover will be used to test hypotheses about conditions that result in high densities of salps. Results will be used to construct a model of salp population dynamics, and both experimental and modeling results will be interpreted within the context of the physical and nutritional conditions to which the salps are exposed. This integrated approach will provide a good basis for understanding the growth dynamics of salp blooms in the Southern Ocean. Two graduate students will be trained on this project, and cruise and research experience will be provided for two undergraduate students. A portion of a website allowing students to be a virtual participant in the research will be created to strengthen students' quantitative skills. Both PI's will participate in teacher-researcher workshops, and collaboration with a regional aquarium will be developed in support of public education. | POLYGON((-69.9083 -52.7624,-68.96368 -52.7624,-68.01906 -52.7624,-67.07444 -52.7624,-66.12982 -52.7624,-65.1852 -52.7624,-64.24058 -52.7624,-63.29596 -52.7624,-62.35134 -52.7624,-61.40672 -52.7624,-60.4621 -52.7624,-60.4621 -54.01423,-60.4621 -55.26606,-60.4621 -56.51789,-60.4621 -57.76972,-60.4621 -59.02155,-60.4621 -60.27338,-60.4621 -61.52521,-60.4621 -62.77704,-60.4621 -64.02887,-60.4621 -65.2807,-61.40672 -65.2807,-62.35134 -65.2807,-63.29596 -65.2807,-64.24058 -65.2807,-65.1852 -65.2807,-66.12982 -65.2807,-67.07444 -65.2807,-68.01906 -65.2807,-68.96368 -65.2807,-69.9083 -65.2807,-69.9083 -64.02887,-69.9083 -62.77704,-69.9083 -61.52521,-69.9083 -60.27338,-69.9083 -59.02155,-69.9083 -57.76972,-69.9083 -56.51789,-69.9083 -55.26606,-69.9083 -54.01423,-69.9083 -52.7624)) | POINT(-65.1852 -59.02155) | false | false | |||||||
Paleohistory of the Larsen Ice Shelf: Evidence from the Marine Record
|
9814383 |
2010-05-04 | Domack, Eugene Walter |
|
This award, provided by the Antarctic Geology and Geophysics Program of the Office of Polar Programs, supports research to study the region recently occupied by the Larsen Ice Shelf in the Antarctic Peninsula. Over the last 10 years, scientists have observed a dramatic decay and disintegration of floating ice shelves along the northern end of the Antarctic Peninsula. Meteorological records and satellite observations indicate that this catastrophic decay is related to regional warming of nearly 3 degrees C in the last 50 years. While such retreat of floating ice shelves is unprecedented in historic records, current understanding of the natural variability of ice shelf systems over the last few thousand years is not understood well. This award supports a program of marine geologic research directed at filling this knowledge gap by developing an understanding of the dynamics of the northern Larsen Ice Shelf during the Holocene epoch (the last 10,000 years).<br/><br/>The Larsen Ice Shelf is located in the NW Weddell Sea along the eastern side of the Antarctic Peninsula and is currently undergoing a rapid, catastrophic retreat as documented by satellite imagery over the past five years. While the region of the northern Antarctic Peninsula has experienced a pronounced warming trend over the last 40 years, the links between this warming and global change (i.e. greenhouse warming) are not obvious. Yet the ice shelf is clearly receding at a rate unprecedented in historic time, leaving vast areas of the seafloor uncovered and in an open marine setting. This project will collect a series of short sediment cores within the Larsen Inlet and in areas that were at one time covered by the Larsen Ice Shelf. By applying established sediment and fossil criteria to the cores we hope to demonstrate whether the Larsen Ice Shelf has experienced similar periods of retreat and subsequent advance within the last 10,000 years. Past work in various regions of the Antarctic has focused on depositional models for ice shelves that allow one to discern the timing of ice shelf retreat/advance in areas of the Ross Sea, Antarctic Peninsula, and Prydz Bay. This research will lead to a much improved understanding of the dynamics of ice shelf systems and their role in past and future climate oscillations. | POLYGON((-70.90625 -52.35392,-69.456459 -52.35392,-68.006668 -52.35392,-66.556877 -52.35392,-65.107086 -52.35392,-63.657295 -52.35392,-62.207504 -52.35392,-60.757713 -52.35392,-59.307922 -52.35392,-57.858131 -52.35392,-56.40834 -52.35392,-56.40834 -53.615031,-56.40834 -54.876142,-56.40834 -56.137253,-56.40834 -57.398364,-56.40834 -58.659475,-56.40834 -59.920586,-56.40834 -61.181697,-56.40834 -62.442808,-56.40834 -63.703919,-56.40834 -64.96503,-57.858131 -64.96503,-59.307922 -64.96503,-60.757713 -64.96503,-62.207504 -64.96503,-63.657295 -64.96503,-65.107086 -64.96503,-66.556877 -64.96503,-68.006668 -64.96503,-69.456459 -64.96503,-70.90625 -64.96503,-70.90625 -63.703919,-70.90625 -62.442808,-70.90625 -61.181697,-70.90625 -59.920586,-70.90625 -58.659475,-70.90625 -57.398364,-70.90625 -56.137253,-70.90625 -54.876142,-70.90625 -53.615031,-70.90625 -52.35392)) | POINT(-63.657295 -58.659475) | false | false | |||||||
Patterns and Processes: Dynamics of the Erebus Bay Weddell Seal Population
|
0225110 |
2009-01-28 | Garrott, Robert; Siniff, Donald; Rotella, Jay |
|
The Erebus Bay Weddell seal population study in eastern McMurdo Sound, Antarctica was initiated in 1968 and represents one of the longest intensive field investigations of a long-lived mammal in existence. Over the thirty-four year period of this study a total of 15,636 animals have been tagged with 144,927 re-sighting records logged in the current database. As such, this study is an extremely valuable resource for understanding population dynamics of not only Weddell seals, but also other species of both terrestrial and marine mammals with similar life-history characteristics. With the retirement of the original investigator, Dr. Donald Siniff, this proposal represents an effort to transition the long-term studies to a new team of investigators. Dr. Robert Garrott and Dr. Jay Rotella propose building upon the foundation with two lines of investigation that combine use of the long-term database with new field initiatives. The continuity of the demographic data will be maintained by annually marking all pups born, replace lost or broken tags, and perform multiple mark-recapture censuses of the Erebus Bay seal colonies. The new data will be combined with the existing database and a progressively complex series of analyses will be performed using recently developed mark-recapture methods to decompose, evaluate, and integrate the demographic characteristics of the Erebus Bay Weddell seal population. These analyses will allow the testing of specific hypotheses about population regulation as well as temporal and spatial patterns of variation in vital rates among colonies within the population that have been posed by previous investigators, but have not been adequately evaluated due to data and analytical limitations. The primary new field initiative will involve an intensive study of mass dynamics of both pups and adult females as a surrogate measure for assessing annual variation in marine resources and their potential role in limiting and/or regulating the population. In conjunction with the collection of data on body mass dynamics the investigators will use satellite imagery to develop an extended time series of sea ice extent in McMurdo Sound. Regional extent of sea ice affects both regional primary productivity and availability of haul out areas for Weddell seals. Increased primary productivity may increase marine resources which would be expected to have a positive affect on Weddell seal foraging efficiency, leading to increased body mass. These data combined with the large proportion of known-aged seals in the current study population (>60%) will allow the investigators to develop a powerful database to test specific hypotheses about ecological processes affecting Weddell seals. Knowledge of the mechanisms that limit and/or regulate Weddell seal populations and the specific bio-physical linkages between climate, oceans, ice, and Antarctic food webs can provide important contributions to understanding of pinniped population dynamics, as well as contribute more generally to theoretical understanding of population, community, and ecosystem patterns and processes. Such knowledge can be readily applied elsewhere to enhance the ability of natural resource managers to effectively maintain assemblages of other large-mammal species and the ecological processes that they facilitate. Continuation of this long-term study may also contribute to understanding the potential impacts of human activities such as global climate warming and the commercial exploitation of Antarctic marine resources. And finally, the study can contribute significantly to the development and testing of new research and analytical methodologies that will almost certainly have many other applications. | POLYGON((163.1 -70.3,163.59 -70.3,164.08 -70.3,164.57 -70.3,165.06 -70.3,165.55 -70.3,166.04 -70.3,166.53 -70.3,167.02 -70.3,167.51 -70.3,168 -70.3,168 -70.98,168 -71.66,168 -72.34,168 -73.02,168 -73.7,168 -74.38,168 -75.06,168 -75.74,168 -76.42,168 -77.1,167.51 -77.1,167.02 -77.1,166.53 -77.1,166.04 -77.1,165.55 -77.1,165.06 -77.1,164.57 -77.1,164.08 -77.1,163.59 -77.1,163.1 -77.1,163.1 -76.42,163.1 -75.74,163.1 -75.06,163.1 -74.38,163.1 -73.7,163.1 -73.02,163.1 -72.34,163.1 -71.66,163.1 -70.98,163.1 -70.3)) | POINT(165.55 -73.7) | false | false | |||||||
Collaborative Research: Using Fracture Patterns and Ice Thickness to Study the History and Dynamics of Grounding Line Migration and Shutdown of Kamb and Whillans Ice Streams
|
0440670 0440636 |
2008-09-25 | Hulbe, Christina; Ledoux, Christine; Fahnestock, Mark | This award supports a three year project to develop the tools required to interpret complex patterns of flow features on the Ross Ice Shelf, which record the discharge history the ice streams flowing east off of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. This work builds on previous research that used flow features visible in satellite image mosaics and numerical models of ice shelf flow to detect changes in grounding zone dynamics and redirection of ice stream outlets over hundreds of years. Recently observed changes on Whillans Ice Stream fit within this framework. The pattern of redirection is driven by the influence of rapid downstream thinning on the basal thermal gradient in the ice and associated "sticky spot" (ice rise) formation. In pursuing this work, the investigators recognized other records of discharge variation on the shelf that can be used to build a more complete history and understanding of ice-stream discharge variability. The intellectual merit of the proposed work lies in the fact that these records, including fracture patterns and spatial variation in ice thickness, when understood in the proper context, will yield quantitative information about the timing and dynamics of ice stream slowdowns, grounding line retreat, and the relative history of discharge between the ice streams. New tools will help further constrain this history. The laser altimeter on NASA's IceSAT has improved our knowledge of the surface elevation of Antarctic ice. IceSAT surface elevations provide a high-resolution map of ice-shelf thickness that, along with provenance maps from ice-shelf image mosaics, will be used to estimate the volumes of ice involved in past ice-stream discharge events (slowdowns, redirections, and so on). This project will develop new numerical models for fracture propagation; these will allow past variations in ice-shelf stress state to be investigated. Together, the dynamic and volume-flux histories will provide a powerful set of observations for understanding past variations in ice stream discharge and the underlying physical processes. The broader impacts of this project center on how it contributes to the ability to estimate West Antarctic contributions to global sea level rise and to answer outstanding questions about the causes of millennial and longer-scale evolution of ice streams. This work will provide a history of the most complex record of ice discharge known. In addition to the incorporation of this research into graduate student advising and normal teaching duties, the investigators are involved in other avenues of civic engagement and education. Outreach to high school students and the community at large is promoted on an annual basis by the investigators at both institutions. New outreach projects at Portland State University are developed with the assistance of researchers with expertise in student learning and achievement in science and mathematics. The collaborative research team includes two glaciologists with experience in the pairing of high resolution satellite imagery and a variety of ice-flow models and a geologist whose focus is the mechanics of rock deformation. | POLYGON((-180 -70,-175 -70,-170 -70,-165 -70,-160 -70,-155 -70,-150 -70,-145 -70,-140 -70,-135 -70,-130 -70,-130 -71.6,-130 -73.2,-130 -74.8,-130 -76.4,-130 -78,-130 -79.6,-130 -81.2,-130 -82.8,-130 -84.4,-130 -86,-135 -86,-140 -86,-145 -86,-150 -86,-155 -86,-160 -86,-165 -86,-170 -86,-175 -86,180 -86,180 -86,180 -86,180 -86,180 -86,180 -86,180 -86,180 -86,180 -86,180 -86,180 -86,180 -84.4,180 -82.8,180 -81.2,180 -79.6,180 -78,180 -76.4,180 -74.8,180 -73.2,180 -71.6,180 -70,180 -70,180 -70,180 -70,180 -70,180 -70,180 -70,180 -70,180 -70,180 -70,-180 -70)) | POINT(-155 -78) | false | false | ||||||||
Collaborative Research of Earth's Largest Icebergs
|
0229546 |
2008-09-19 | Okal, Emile; Aster, Richard; Bassis, Jeremy; Kim, Young-Jin; Bliss, Andrew; Sergienko, Olga; Thom, Jonathan; Scambos, Ted; Muto, Atsu; Brunt, Kelly; King, Matthew; Parker, Tim; Okal, Marianne; Cathles, Mac; MacAyeal, Douglas | This award supports the study of the drift and break-up of Earth's largest icebergs, which were recently released into the Ross Sea of Antarctica as a result of calving from the Ross Ice Shelf. The scientific goals of the study are to determine the physics of iceberg motion within the dynamic context of ocean currents, winds, and sea ice, which determine the forces that drive iceberg motion, and the relationship between the iceberg and geographically and topographically determined pinning points on which the iceberg can ground. In addition, the processes by which icebergs influence the local environments (e.g., sea ice conditions near Antarctica, access to penguin rookeries, air-sea heat exchange and upwelling at iceberg margins, nutrient fluxes) will be studied. The processes by which icebergs generate globally far-reaching ocean acoustic signals that are detected within the global seismic (earthquake) sensing networks will also be studied. A featured element of the scientific research activity will be a field effort to deploy automatic weather stations, seismometer arrays and GPS-tracking stations on several of the largest icebergs presently adrift, or about to be adrift, in the Ross Sea. Data generated and relayed via satellite to home institutions in the Midwest will motivate theoretical analysis and computer simulation; and will be archived on an "iceberg" website (http://amrc.ssec.wisc.edu/amrc/iceberg.html) for access by scientists and the general public. At the most broad level, the study is justified by the fact that icebergs released by the Antarctic ice sheet represent the largest movements of fresh water within the natural environment (e.g., several of the icebergs to be studied, B15, C19 and others calved since 2000 CE, represent over 6000 cubic kilometers of fresh water-an amount roughly equivalent to 100 years of the flow of the Nile River). A better understanding of the impact of iceberg drift through the environment, and particularly the impact on ocean stratification and mixing, is essential to the understanding of the abrupt global climate changes witnessed by proxy during the ice age and of concern under conditions of future greenhouse warming. On a more specific level, the study will generate a knowledge base useful for the better management of Antarctic logistical resources (e.g., the shipping lanes to McMurdo Station) that can occasionally be influenced by adverse effects icebergs have on sea ice conditions. | POINT(-178 -78) | POINT(-178 -78) | false | false | ||||||||
Collaborative Research: Tidal Modulation of Ice Stream Flow
|
0229629 |
2007-06-14 | Anandakrishnan, Sridhar; Alley, Richard; Voigt, Donald E. | No dataset link provided | This award supports a project to investigate the new-found, startling sensitivity of two major West Antarctic ice streams to tidal oscillations to learn the extent and character of the effect and its ramifications for future ice-stream behavior. Ice streams D, C and Whillans (B) all show strong but distinct tidal signals. The ice plain of Whillans is usually stopped outright, forward motion being limited to two brief periods each day, at high tide and on the falling tide. Motion events propagate across the ice plain at seismic wave velocities. Near the mouth of D, tides cause a diurnal variation of about 50% in ice-stream speed that propagates upglacier more slowly than on Whillans, and seismic data show that C experiences even slower upglacier propagation of tidal signals. Tidal influences are observed more than 100 km upglacier on C, more than 40 km upglacier on D, and may be responsible for fluctuations in basal water pressure reported 400 km upstream on Whillans, nearly the full length of the ice stream. During the first year, the spatial extent of this behavior will be measured on Whillans Ice Stream and ice stream D by five coordinated seismic and GPS instrument packages at 100-km spacing on each ice stream. These packages will be deployed by Twin Otter at sites selected by review of satellite imagery and will operate autonomously through a combination of solar and battery power for two lunar cycles to study the sensitivity of the ice stream motion to spring and neap tides. Additionally, existing data sets will be examined further for clues to the mechanisms involved, and preliminary models will be developed to reconcile the seemingly contrasting behaviors observed on the ice streams. The second and third field seasons will examine in greater detail the tidal behavior of Whillans (year 2) and D (year 3). Work will especially focus on detailed study of at least one source area for events on Whillans, assuming that source areas inferred from preliminary data remain active. Vertical motions have not yet been detected, but differential GPS will increase our detection sensitivity. Seismic instrumentation will greatly increase temporal resolution and the ability to measure the propagation speed and any spatial heterogeneity. Modeling will be refined as more is learned from the field experiments. The project should yield numerous broader impacts. The improved knowledge of ice-stream behavior from this study will contribute to assessment of the potential for rapid ice-sheet change affecting global sea level with societal consequences. Results will be disseminated through scientific publication and talks at professional meetings, as well as contacts with the press, university classes taught by the PIs, visits to schools and community groups, and other activities. Two graduate students will be educated through the project. | POLYGON((-165 -82,-161.5 -82,-158 -82,-154.5 -82,-151 -82,-147.5 -82,-144 -82,-140.5 -82,-137 -82,-133.5 -82,-130 -82,-130 -82.2,-130 -82.4,-130 -82.6,-130 -82.8,-130 -83,-130 -83.2,-130 -83.4,-130 -83.6,-130 -83.8,-130 -84,-133.5 -84,-137 -84,-140.5 -84,-144 -84,-147.5 -84,-151 -84,-154.5 -84,-158 -84,-161.5 -84,-165 -84,-165 -83.8,-165 -83.6,-165 -83.4,-165 -83.2,-165 -83,-165 -82.8,-165 -82.6,-165 -82.4,-165 -82.2,-165 -82)) | POINT(-147.5 -83) | false | false | |||||||
Collaborative Research: Antarctic Meteorological Research Center (2006-2009)
|
0537827 |
2000-10-12 | Lazzara, Matthew; Costanza, Carol; Snarski, Joey | This proposed work is the continued operation of the Antarctic Meteorological Research Center (AMRC) for three years through 2009. AMRC is a meteorological data acquisition and management system with nodes at McMurdo Station and at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. The system is a resource and archive for meteorological research and a test bed for improving operational synoptic forecasting. Its basis is a computer-based system for organizing, manipulating, and integrating antarctic environmental data, developed by the University of Wisconsin. It captures the flow of meteorological information from polar orbiting satellites, automatic weather stations, operational station synoptic observations, and research project data, producing a mosaic of antarctic satellite images on an operational basis. It also receives environmental data products, such as weather forecasts, from outside Antarctica, and acts as a repository for existing archived databases. The AMRC provides customized weather and climate information for a variety of antarctic users, including aircraft and ship operations of the US Antarctic Program. Currently the AMRC produces the Antarctic Composite Infrared Image, a mosaic of images from four geostationary and three polar-orbiting satellites, which is used for both forecasting and research purposes. In the current time period, AMRC will develop a data exploration/classification toolkit based on self-organizing maps to produce a new, satellite-based antarctic cloud climatology for regions. The AMRC will also be at the center of the evolving Antarctic-Internet Data Distribution (Antarctic-IDD) system, a reliable and formalized means of sharing and distributing Antarctic data among operational and research users. <br/>*** | POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60)) | POINT(0 -89.999) | false | false | ||||||||
Antarctic Meteorological Research Center (2009-2011)
|
0838834 |
1970-01-01 | Lazzara, Matthew; Costanza, Carol | Abstract<br/><br/>The Antarctic Meteorological Research Center (AMRC), located at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, serves several communities by maintaining and extending the stewardship of meteorological data pertinent to the Antarctic continent, its surrounding islands, ice sheets and ice margins and the adjacent Southern Ocean. This data will continue to be made freely available to interested researchers and the general public. Activities of particular interest for the current award include the development of an enhanced data portal to provide improved data and analysis tools to the research community, and to continue to add to the evolution of the Antarctic-Internet Data Distribution system, which is meant to overcome the costly and generally low bandwidth internet connectivity to and from the Antarctic continent. Operational forecasting for logistical activities in the Antarctic, as well as active Antarctic meteorological research programs, are clearly in need of a dependable, steady flow of meteorological observations, model output, and related data in what must be a collaborative environment in order to overcome the otherwise distributed nature of Antarctic meteorological and climatological observations.<br/><br/>AMRC interaction with the public through answering e-mail questions, giving informal public lectures and presentations to K-12 education institutions through visits to schools will help to raise science literacy with regards to meteorology and of the Antarctic and polar regions. <br/><br/><br/><br/>"This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5)." | POLYGON((-180 -62.83,-144 -62.83,-108 -62.83,-72 -62.83,-36 -62.83,0 -62.83,36 -62.83,72 -62.83,108 -62.83,144 -62.83,180 -62.83,180 -65.547,180 -68.264,180 -70.981,180 -73.698,180 -76.415,180 -79.132,180 -81.849,180 -84.566,180 -87.283,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87.283,-180 -84.566,-180 -81.849,-180 -79.132,-180 -76.415,-180 -73.698,-180 -70.981,-180 -68.264,-180 -65.547,-180 -62.83)) | POINT(0 -89.999) | false | false |