USAP-DC

{"dp_type": "Project", "free_text": "Tides"}

[{"awards": "2021699 Trusel, Luke", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60))", "dataset_titles": "Antarctic ice sheet daily surface melt detection from ASCAT (2007-2022); ASCAT-ERA5 Antarctic Peninsula Daily Surface Meltwater Production (2007-2022); Trusel et al 2022, Geophysical Research Letters: Publication data and code", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "200363", "doi": "10.5281/zenodo.6374343", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "Zenodo", "science_program": null, "title": "Trusel et al 2022, Geophysical Research Letters: Publication data and code", "url": "https://zenodo.org/record/6374343"}, {"dataset_uid": "200362", "doi": "10.5281/zenodo.7995543", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "Zenodo", "science_program": null, "title": "ASCAT-ERA5 Antarctic Peninsula Daily Surface Meltwater Production (2007-2022)", "url": "https://zenodo.org/record/7995543"}, {"dataset_uid": "200364", "doi": "10.5281/zenodo.7995998", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "Zenodo", "science_program": null, "title": "Antarctic ice sheet daily surface melt detection from ASCAT (2007-2022)", "url": "https://zenodo.org/record/7995998"}], "date_created": "Fri, 02 Jun 2023 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Melting of snow and ice at the surface of the Antarctic ice sheet can lead to the formation of meltwater lakes, an important precursor to ice-shelf collapse and accelerated ice-sheet mass loss. Understanding the present state of Antarctic surface melt provides a baseline to gauge how quickly melt impacts could evolve in the future and to reduce uncertainties in estimates of future sea-level rise. \r\n\r\nThis project used a suite of complimentary measurements from Earth-observing satellites, ground observations, and numerical climate models to enhance understanding of surface melt and lakes, as well as the processes linking these systems. The project supported the scientific training of a postdoctoral associate, a graduate student, and several undergraduate researchers. In addition, the project aimed to promote public scientific literacy and the broadening of quantitative skills for high-school students through the development and implementation of an educational unit in a partnership with an education and outreach expert and two high school teachers.\r\n\r\nWe identified that surface lake drainages on East Antarctica\u2019s Amery Ice Shelf closely correspond to peaks in the daily amplitude of ocean tides. This research indicates that tidal-induced flexure inherent to the ice shelf grounding zone when combined with sufficient surface meltwater volumes can trigger ice shelf surface lake drainages (Trusel et al., 2022). In addition, we developed new estimates of surface melting across the Antarctic ice sheet using satellite and reanalysis data. First, we developed and implemented a pan-Antarctic ice sheet surface melt detection method applied to C-band Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) radar backscatter data. These binary melt presence/absence data were then combined with radar backscatter and ERA5 reanalysis outputs to estimate daily rates of surface meltwater production (in mm of water equivalence) across the Antarctic Peninsula region. These data therefore provide a new, observationally based dataset to investigate the intensity and drivers of surface melting in Antarctica\u2019s highest-melt region, and with which to evaluate climate model simulations. This method and an assessment of the resulting data are the subject of a forthcoming manuscript. \r\n\r\n", "east": 180.0, "geometry": "POINT(0 -89.999)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "ICE SHEETS; Antarctica; Surface Hydrology", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Trusel, Luke; Moussavi, Mahsa", "platforms": null, "repo": "Zenodo", "repositories": "Zenodo", "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "Collaborative Research: Water on the Antarctic Ice Sheet: Quantifying Surface Melt and Mapping Supraglacial Lakes", "uid": "p0010422", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "1326541 Oliver, Matthew; 1324313 Winsor, Peter; 1331681 Bernard, Kim; 1327248 Kohut, Josh; 1326167 Fraser, William", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-65 -62,-64.5 -62,-64 -62,-63.5 -62,-63 -62,-62.5 -62,-62 -62,-61.5 -62,-61 -62,-60.5 -62,-60 -62,-60 -62.3,-60 -62.6,-60 -62.9,-60 -63.2,-60 -63.5,-60 -63.8,-60 -64.1,-60 -64.4,-60 -64.7,-60 -65,-60.5 -65,-61 -65,-61.5 -65,-62 -65,-62.5 -65,-63 -65,-63.5 -65,-64 -65,-64.5 -65,-65 -65,-65 -64.7,-65 -64.4,-65 -64.1,-65 -63.8,-65 -63.5,-65 -63.2,-65 -62.9,-65 -62.6,-65 -62.3,-65 -62))", "dataset_titles": "Expedition Data; Expedition data of LMG1509", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "001378", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "R2R", "science_program": null, "title": "Expedition Data", "url": "https://www.rvdata.us/search/cruise/LMG1509"}, {"dataset_uid": "002730", "doi": null, "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "R2R", "science_program": null, "title": "Expedition data of LMG1509", "url": "https://www.rvdata.us/search/cruise/LMG1509"}], "date_created": "Mon, 27 Sep 2021 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The application of innovative ocean observing and animal telemetry technology over Palmer Deep (Western Antarctic Peninsula; WAP) is leading to new understanding, and also to many new questions related to polar ecosystem processes and their control by bio-physical interactions in the polar environment. This multi-platform field study will investigate the impact of coastal physical processes (e.g. tides, currents, upwelling events, sea-ice) on Ad\u00e9lie penguin foraging ecology in the vicinity of Palmer Deep, off Anvers Island, WAP. Guided by real-time surface convergence and divergences based on remotely sensed surface current maps derived from a coastal network of High Frequency Radars (HFRs), a multidisciplinary research team will adaptively sample the distribution of phytoplankton and zooplankton, which influence Ad\u00e9lie penguin foraging ecology, to understand how local oceanographic processes structure the ecosystem. \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eCore educational objectives of this proposal are to increase awareness and \u003cbr/\u003eunderstanding of (i) global climate change, (ii) the unique WAP ecosystem, (iii) innovative methods and technologies used by the researchers, and (iv) careers in ocean sciences, through interactive interviews with scientists, students, and technicians, during the field work. These activities will be directed towards instructional programming for K-16 students and their teachers. Researchers and educators will conduct formative and summative evaluation to improve the educational program and measure its impacts respectively.", "east": -60.0, "geometry": "POINT(-62.5 -63.5)", "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e CTD; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e CHEMICAL METERS/ANALYZERS \u003e FLUOROMETERS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e RECORDERS/LOGGERS \u003e AWS; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e POSITIONING/NAVIGATION \u003e GPS \u003e GPS; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e ACTIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e ACOUSTIC SOUNDERS \u003e ECHO SOUNDERS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e THERMOSALINOGRAPHS", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "R/V LMG; Palmer Station; PELAGIC; USA/NSF; Amd/Us; USAP-DC; AMD; LMG1509", "locations": "Palmer Station", "north": -62.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences; Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems; Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems; Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems; Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems; Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Bernard, Kim; Kohut, Josh; Oliver, Matthew; Fraser, William; Winsor, Peter", "platforms": "WATER-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e VESSELS \u003e SURFACE \u003e R/V LMG", "repo": "R2R", "repositories": "R2R", "science_programs": null, "south": -65.0, "title": "Collaborative Research: Impacts of Local Oceanographic Processes on Adelie Penguin Foraging Ecology Over Palmer Deep", "uid": "p0010268", "west": -65.0}, {"awards": "1245871 McCarthy, Christine", "bounds_geometry": null, "dataset_titles": "Dataset for Tidal modulation of ice streams: Effect of periodic sliding velocity on ice friction and healing; Rate-state friction parameters for ice-on-rock oscillation experiments; RSFitOSC", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "200237", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "GitHub", "science_program": null, "title": "RSFitOSC", "url": "https://github.com/rmskarbek/RSFitOSC"}, {"dataset_uid": "601497", "doi": "10.15784/601497", "keywords": "Antarctica", "people": "McCarthy, Christine M.; Skarbek, Rob; Savage, Heather", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Dataset for Tidal modulation of ice streams: Effect of periodic sliding velocity on ice friction and healing", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601497"}, {"dataset_uid": "601467", "doi": "10.15784/601467", "keywords": "Antarctica", "people": "Skarbek, Rob; McCarthy, Christine M.; Savage, Heather", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Rate-state friction parameters for ice-on-rock oscillation experiments", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601467"}], "date_created": "Fri, 04 Jun 2021 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This award supports a project to conduct laboratory experiments with a new, custom-fabricated cryo-friction apparatus to explore ice deformation oscillatory stresses like those experienced by tidewater glaciers in nature. The experimental design will explore the dynamic frictional properties of periodically loaded ice sliding on rock. Although the frictional strength of ice has been studied in the past these studies have all focused on constant rates of loading and sliding. The results of this work will advance understanding of ice stream dynamics by improving constraints on key material and frictional properties and allowing physics-based predictions of the amplitude and phase of glacier strain due to tidally induced stress variations. The intellectual merit of this work is that it will result in a better understanding of dynamic rheological parameters and will provide better predictive tools for dynamic glacier flow. The proposed experiments will provide dynamic material properties of ice and rock deformation at realistic frequencies experienced by Antarctic glaciers. The PIs will measure the full spectrum of material response from elastic to anelastic to viscous. The study will provide better constraints to improve predictive capability for glacier and ice-stream response to external forcing. The broader impacts of the work include providing estimates of material properties that can be used to broaden our understanding of glacier flow and that will ultimately be used for models of sea level rise and ice sheet stability. The ability to predict sea level in the near future is contingent on understanding of the processes responsible for flow of Antarctic ice streams and glaciers. Modulation of glacier flow by ocean tides represents a natural experiment that can be used to improve knowledge of ice and bed properties, and of the way in which these properties depend on time-varying forcings. Presently, the influence of tidal forcing on glacier movement is poorly understood, and knowledge of ice properties under tidal loading conditions is limited. The study will generate results of interest beyond polar science by examining phenomena that are of interest to seismology, glaciology and general materials science. The project will provide valuable research and laboratory experience for two undergraduate interns and will provide experience for the PI (currently a postdoc) in leading a scientific project. The three PIs are early career scientists. This proposal does not require fieldwork in the Antarctic.", "east": null, "geometry": null, "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "USAP-DC; USA/NSF; Amd/Us; AMD; Ice Deformation; LABORATORY; BASAL SHEAR STRESS", "locations": null, "north": null, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "McCarthy, Christine M.; Savage, Heather", "platforms": "OTHER \u003e PHYSICAL MODELS \u003e LABORATORY", "repo": "GitHub", "repositories": "GitHub; USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": null, "title": "Laboratory Study of Ice Deformation under Tidal Loading Conditions with Application to Antarctic Glaciers", "uid": "p0010186", "west": null}, {"awards": "1543286 Walter, Jacob; 1543399 Peng, Zhigang; 1745135 Walter, Jacob", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60))", "dataset_titles": null, "datasets": null, "date_created": "Wed, 19 May 2021 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The continent of Antarctica has approximately the same surface area as the continental United States, though we know significantly less about its underlying geology and seismic activity. Multinational investments in geophysical infrastructure over the last few decades, especially broadband seismometers operating for several years, are allowing us to observe many interesting natural phenomena, including iceberg calving, ice stream slip, and tectonic earthquakes. To specifically leverage those past investments, we will analyze past and current data to gain a better understanding of Antarctic seismicity. Our recent research revealed that certain large earthquakes occurring elsewhere in the world triggered ice movement near various stations throughout Antarctica. We plan to conduct an exhaustive search of the terabytes of available data, using cutting-edge computational techniques, to uncover additional evidence for ice crevassing, ice stream slip, and earth movement during earthquakes. One specific focus of our research will include investigating whether some of these phenomena may be triggered by external influences, including passing surface waves from distant earthquakes, ocean tides, or seasonal melt. We plan to produce a catalog of the identified activity and share it publicly, so the public and researchers can easily access it. To reach a broader audience, we will present talks to high school classes, including Advanced Placement classes, in the Austin, Texas and Atlanta, Georgia metropolitan areas with emphasis on general aspects of seismic hazard, climate variability, and the geographies of Antarctica. This project will provide research opportunities for undergraduates, training for graduate students, and support for an early-career scientist.\r\n\r\nIn recent years, a new generation of geodetic and seismic instrumentation has been deployed as permanent stations throughout Antarctica (POLENET), in addition to stations deployed for shorter duration (less than 3 years) experiments (e.g. AGAP/TAMSEIS). These efforts are providing critical infrastructure needed to address fundamental questions about both crustal-scale tectonic structures and ice sheets, and their interactions. We plan to conduct a systematic detection of tectonic and icequake activities in Antarctica, focusing primarily on background seismicity, remotely-triggered seismicity, and glacier slip events. Our proposed tasks include: (1) Identification of seismicity throughout the Antarctic continent for both tectonic and ice sources. (2) An exhaustive search for additional triggered events in Antarctica during the last ~15 years of global significant earthquakes. (3) Determination of triggered source mechanisms and whether those triggered events also occur at other times, by analyzing years of data using a matched-filter analysis (where the triggered local event is used to detect similar events). (4) Further analysis of GPS measurements over a ~5.5 year period from Whillans Ice Plain, which suggests that triggering of stick-slip events occurred after the largest earthquakes. An improved knowledge of how the Antarctic ice sheet responds to external perturbations such as dynamic stresses from large distant earthquakes and recent ice unloading could lead to a better understanding of ice failure and related dynamic processes. By leveraging the vast logistical investment to install seismometers in Antarctica over the last decade, our project will build an exhaustive catalog of tectonic earthquakes, icequakes, calving events, and any other detectable near-surface seismic phenomena.", "east": 180.0, "geometry": "POINT(0 -89.999)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "Antarctica; GLACIERS/ICE SHEETS; USA/NSF; TECTONICS; Amd/Us; AMD; USAP-DC; SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Earth Sciences; Antarctic Earth Sciences; Antarctic Earth Sciences", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Walter, Jacob; Peng, Zhigang", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e PERMANENT LAND SITES \u003e SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS", "repositories": null, "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "Collaborative Research: Triggering of Antarctic Icequakes, Slip Events, and other Tectonic Phenomena by Distant Earthquakes", "uid": "p0010182", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "1443525 Schwartz, Susan", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-165 -83.8,-163 -83.8,-161 -83.8,-159 -83.8,-157 -83.8,-155 -83.8,-153 -83.8,-151 -83.8,-149 -83.8,-147 -83.8,-145 -83.8,-145 -83.92,-145 -84.04,-145 -84.16,-145 -84.28,-145 -84.4,-145 -84.52,-145 -84.64,-145 -84.76,-145 -84.88,-145 -85,-147 -85,-149 -85,-151 -85,-153 -85,-155 -85,-157 -85,-159 -85,-161 -85,-163 -85,-165 -85,-165 -84.88,-165 -84.76,-165 -84.64,-165 -84.52,-165 -84.4,-165 -84.28,-165 -84.16,-165 -84.04,-165 -83.92,-165 -83.8))", "dataset_titles": "YD (2012-2017): Whillians Ice Stream Subglacial Access Research Drilling", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "200201", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.7914/SN/YD_2012", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "IRIS", "science_program": null, "title": "YD (2012-2017): Whillians Ice Stream Subglacial Access Research Drilling", "url": "http://www.fdsn.org/networks/detail/YD_2012/"}], "date_created": "Fri, 12 Feb 2021 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Ice fracturing plays a crucial role in mechanical processes that influence the contribution of glaciers and ice sheets to the global sea-level rise. Such processes include, among others, ice shelf disintegration, iceberg calving, and fast ice sliding. Over the last century, seismology developed highly sensitive instrumentation and sophisticated data processing techniques to study earthquakes. This interdisciplinary project used seismological research methods to investigate fracturing beneath and within ice on a fast-moving ice stream in West Antarctica that is experiencing rapid sliding and flexure driven by ocean tides. Data were collected from two strategically located clusters of seismometers. One was located in the epicenter zone where tidally triggered rapid sliding events of the ice stream start. The other was placed in the grounding zone, where the ice stream flexes with tides where it goes afloat and becomes an ice shelf.\r\n\r\n Seismometers in the epicenter cluster recorded many thousands of microearthquakes coming from beneath ice during ice stream sliding events. Analyses of these microearthquakes suggest that the geologic materials beneath the ice stream are fracturing. The spatial pattern of fracturing is not random but forms elongated stripes that resemble well-known glacial landforms called megascale glacial lineations. These findings indicate that the frictional resistance to ice sliding may change through time due to these landforms changing as a result of erosion and sedimentation beneath ice. This may have implications for the rate of ice loss from Antarctic ice streams that drain about 90% of all ice discharged into the Southern Ocean. In addition to microearthquakes, the epicenter cluster of seismometers also recorded vibrations (tremors) from beneath the ice stream. These may be caused by the rapid repetition of many microearthquakes coming from the same source.\r\n\r\n The grounding zone cluster of seismometers recorded many thousands of microearthquakes as well. However, they are caused by ice fracturing near the ice stream\u0027s surface rather than at its base. These microearthquakes originate when the grounding zone experiences strong tension caused by ice flexure during dropping ocean tide. This tension causes the opening of near-surface fractures (crevasses) just before the lowest tide, rather than at the lowest tide as expected from elasticity of solids. This unexpected timing of ice fracturing indicates that ice in the grounding zone behaves like a viscoelastic material, i.e., partly like a solid and partly like a fluid. This is an important general finding that will be useful to other scientists who are modeling interactions of ice with ocean water in the Antarctic grounding zones. Overall, the observed pervasive fracturing in the grounding zone, where an ice stream becomes an ice shelf, may make ice shelves potentially vulnerable to catastrophic collapses. It also may weaken ice shelves and make it easier for large icebergs to break off at their fronts.\r\n\r\n In addition to Antarctic research, this award supported education and outreach activities, including presentations and field trips during several summer schools at UCSC for talented and diverse high school students. The students were exposed to glaciological and seismological concepts and performed hands-on scientific exercises. The field trips focused on the marine terrace landscape around Santa Cruz. This landscape resulted from interactions between the uplift of rocks along the San Andreas fault with global-sea level changes caused by the waxing and waning of polar ice sheets in response to Ice Age climate cycles.\r\n\r\n", "east": -145.0, "geometry": "POINT(-155 -84.4)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "Whillans Ice Stream; GLACIERS/ICE SHEETS; FIELD INVESTIGATION", "locations": "Whillans Ice Stream", "north": -83.8, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Integrated System Science", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Tulaczyk, Slawek; Schwartz, Susan", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD INVESTIGATION", "repo": "IRIS", "repositories": "IRIS", "science_programs": "WISSARD", "south": -85.0, "title": "High Resolution Heterogeneity at the Base of Whillans Ice Stream and its Control on Ice Dynamics", "uid": "p0010159", "west": -165.0}, {"awards": "1644196 Cziko, Paul", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((163.47 -77.14,163.803 -77.14,164.136 -77.14,164.469 -77.14,164.802 -77.14,165.135 -77.14,165.468 -77.14,165.801 -77.14,166.134 -77.14,166.467 -77.14,166.8 -77.14,166.8 -77.216,166.8 -77.292,166.8 -77.368,166.8 -77.444,166.8 -77.52,166.8 -77.596,166.8 -77.672,166.8 -77.748,166.8 -77.824,166.8 -77.9,166.467 -77.9,166.134 -77.9,165.801 -77.9,165.468 -77.9,165.135 -77.9,164.802 -77.9,164.469 -77.9,164.136 -77.9,163.803 -77.9,163.47 -77.9,163.47 -77.824,163.47 -77.748,163.47 -77.672,163.47 -77.596,163.47 -77.52,163.47 -77.444,163.47 -77.368,163.47 -77.292,163.47 -77.216,163.47 -77.14))", "dataset_titles": "High-resolution nearshore benthic seawater temperature from around McMurdo Sound, Antarctica (2017-2019); Long-Term broadband underwater acoustic recordings from McMurdo Sound, Antarctica (2017-2019); Long-term underwater images from around a single mooring site in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica (2017-2019)", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "601417", "doi": "10.15784/601417", "keywords": "Antarctica; Benthic Ecology; Benthic Invertebrates; Biota; Mcmurdo Sound; Notothenioid; Notothenioid Fishes; Photo/video; Photo/Video; Rocky Reef Community; Soft-Bottom Community; Timelaps Images", "people": "Cziko, Paul", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Long-term underwater images from around a single mooring site in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica (2017-2019)", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601417"}, {"dataset_uid": "601416", "doi": "10.15784/601416", "keywords": "Antarctica; Bioacoustics; Biota; Hydroacoustics; Killer Whales; Leptonychotes Weddellii; Mcmurdo Sound; Oceans; Orcinus Orca; Sea Ice; Weddell Seal; Whales", "people": "Cziko, Paul", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Long-Term broadband underwater acoustic recordings from McMurdo Sound, Antarctica (2017-2019)", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601416"}, {"dataset_uid": "601420", "doi": "10.15784/601420", "keywords": "Antarctica; Benthic Ecology; CTD; Depth; Mcmurdo Sound; Oceanography; Oceans; Physical Oceanography; Pressure; Salinity; Seawater Measurements; Seawater Temperature; Supercooling; Tides", "people": "Cziko, Paul", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "High-resolution nearshore benthic seawater temperature from around McMurdo Sound, Antarctica (2017-2019)", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601420"}], "date_created": "Tue, 15 Dec 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Notothenioid fishes live in the world\u0027s coldest marine waters surrounding Antarctica and have evolved strategies to avoid freezing. Past studies have shown that most Antarctic notothenioids produce special antifreeze proteins that prevent the growth of ice crystals that enter the body. While these proteins help prevent individuals from being killed by growing ice crystals, it is unclear how these fish avoid the accumulation of these small ice crystals inside their tissues over time. This project will observe how ice crystal accumulation relates to the harshness of a fish\u0027s environment within different habitats of McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. The researchers collected fishes and ocean observations at different field sites that cover a range of habitat severity in terms of temperature and iciness. The researchers installed an underwater ocean observatory near McMurdo Station (The McMurdo Oceanographic Observatory, MOO; Nov. 2017 - Nov. 2019) which included a conductivity-temperature-depth sensor (CTD), a high-definition video/still image camera and a research quality hydrophone. The observatory produced oceanographic data, time-lapse images of the immediate environs, and a high-resolution hydroacoustic dataset from the entire deployment. Seawater temperature data loggers were also deployed at other shallow, nearshore sites around McMurdo Sound to provide context and assessment of environmental conditions experienced by the fishes. ", "east": 166.8, "geometry": "POINT(165.135 -77.52)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "Benthic Ecology; ANIMALS/VERTEBRATES; USA/NSF; OCEAN TEMPERATURE; USAP-DC; MAMMALS; FIELD INVESTIGATION; Amd/Us; Mcmurdo Sound; FISH; AMD", "locations": "Mcmurdo Sound", "north": -77.14, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems; Antarctic Instrumentation and Support", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Cziko, Paul; DeVries, Arthur", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD INVESTIGATION", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -77.9, "title": "Habitat Severity and Internal Ice in Antarctic Notothenioid Fishes", "uid": "p0010147", "west": 163.47}, {"awards": "0125252 Padman, Laurence; 0125602 Padman, Laurence", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-180 -40.231,-144 -40.231,-108 -40.231,-72 -40.231,-36 -40.231,0 -40.231,36 -40.231,72 -40.231,108 -40.231,144 -40.231,180 -40.231,180 -45.2079,180 -50.1848,180 -55.1617,180 -60.1386,180 -65.1155,180 -70.0924,180 -75.0693,180 -80.0462,180 -85.0231,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -85.0231,-180 -80.0462,-180 -75.0693,-180 -70.0924,-180 -65.1155,-180 -60.1386,-180 -55.1617,-180 -50.1848,-180 -45.2079,-180 -40.231))", "dataset_titles": "Antarctic Tide Gauge Database, version 1; AntTG_Database_Tools; CATS2008: Circum-Antarctic Tidal Simulation version 2008; CATS2008_v2023: Circum-Antarctic Tidal Simulation 2008, version 2023; pyTMD; TMD_Matlab_Toolbox_v2.5", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "601772", "doi": "10.15784/601772", "keywords": "Antarctica; Cryosphere; Inverse Modeling; Model Data; Ocean Currents; Oceans; Sea Surface; Southern Ocean; Tide Model; Tides", "people": "Greene, Chad A.; Sutterley, Tyler; Erofeeva, Svetlana; Padman, Laurence; Howard, Susan L.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "CATS2008_v2023: Circum-Antarctic Tidal Simulation 2008, version 2023", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601772"}, {"dataset_uid": "601358", "doi": "10.15784/601358", "keywords": "Antarctica; Oceans; Sea Surface Height; Tide Gauges; Tides", "people": "King, Matt; Howard, Susan L.; Padman, Laurence", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Antarctic Tide Gauge Database, version 1", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601358"}, {"dataset_uid": "601235", "doi": "10.15784/601235", "keywords": "Antarctica; Inverse Modeling; Model Data; Ocean Currents; Sea Surface; Tidal Models; Tides", "people": "Padman, Laurence; Erofeeva, Svetlana; Howard, Susan L.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "CATS2008: Circum-Antarctic Tidal Simulation version 2008", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601235"}, {"dataset_uid": "200157", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "GitHub", "science_program": null, "title": "TMD_Matlab_Toolbox_v2.5", "url": "https://github.com/EarthAndSpaceResearch/TMD_Matlab_Toolbox_v2.5"}, {"dataset_uid": "200158", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "GitHub", "science_program": null, "title": "pyTMD", "url": "https://github.com/tsutterley/pyTMD"}, {"dataset_uid": "200156", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "GitHub", "science_program": null, "title": "AntTG_Database_Tools", "url": "https://github.com/EarthAndSpaceResearch/AntTG_Database_Tools"}], "date_created": "Tue, 07 Jul 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The ocean tide is a large component of total variability of ocean surface height and currents in the seas surrounding Antarctica, including under the floating ice shelves. Maximum tidal height range exceeds 7 m (near the grounding line of Rutford Ice Stream) and maximum tidal currents exceed 1 m/s (near the shelf break in the northwest Ross Sea). Tides contribute to several important climate and ecosystems processes including: ocean mixing, production of dense bottom water, flow of warm Circumpolar Deep Water onto the continental shelves, melting at the bases of ice shelves, fracturing of the ice sheet near a glacier or ice stream\u2019s grounding line, production and decay of sea ice, and sediment resuspension. Tide heights and, in particular, currents can change as the ocean background state changes, and as the geometry of the coastal margins of the Antarctic Ice Sheet varies through ice shelf thickness changes and ice-front and grounding-line advances or retreats. For satellite-based studies of ocean surface height and ice shelf thickness changes, tide heights are a source of substantial noise that must be removed. Similarly, tidal currents can also be a substantial noise signal when trying to estimate mean ocean currents from short-term measurements such as from acoustic Doppler current profilers mounted on ships and CTD rosettes. Therefore, tide models play critical roles in understanding current and future ocean and ice states, and as a method for removing tides in various measurements. A paper in Reviews of Geophysics (Padman, Siegfried and Fricker, 2018, see list of project-related publications below) provides a detailed review of tides and tidal processes around Antarctica.\r\n\nThis project provides a gateway to tide models and a database of tide height coefficients at the Antarctic Data Center, and links to toolboxes to work with these models and data.", "east": 180.0, "geometry": "POINT(0 -89.999)", "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e GAUGES \u003e TIDE GAUGES", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "Tide Gauges; OCEAN CURRENTS; Sea Surface Height; USAP-DC; GLACIER MOTION/ICE SHEET MOTION; Tides; Antarctica; MODELS; FIELD INVESTIGATION", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -40.231, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences; Arctic System Science", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Howard, Susan L.; Padman, Laurence; Erofeeva, Svetlana; King, Matt", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD INVESTIGATION; OTHER \u003e MODELS \u003e MODELS", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "GitHub; USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "Ocean Tides around Antarctica and in the Southern Ocean", "uid": "p0010116", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "1443497 Siddoway, Christine; 1443534 Bell, Robin; 1443677 Padman, Laurence; 1443498 Fricker, Helen", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-180 -77,-177 -77,-174 -77,-171 -77,-168 -77,-165 -77,-162 -77,-159 -77,-156 -77,-153 -77,-150 -77,-150 -77.9,-150 -78.8,-150 -79.7,-150 -80.6,-150 -81.5,-150 -82.4,-150 -83.3,-150 -84.2,-150 -85.1,-150 -86,-153 -86,-156 -86,-159 -86,-162 -86,-165 -86,-168 -86,-171 -86,-174 -86,-177 -86,180 -86,178.1 -86,176.2 -86,174.3 -86,172.4 -86,170.5 -86,168.6 -86,166.7 -86,164.8 -86,162.9 -86,161 -86,161 -85.1,161 -84.2,161 -83.3,161 -82.4,161 -81.5,161 -80.6,161 -79.7,161 -78.8,161 -77.9,161 -77,162.9 -77,164.8 -77,166.7 -77,168.6 -77,170.5 -77,172.4 -77,174.3 -77,176.2 -77,178.1 -77,-180 -77))", "dataset_titles": "Basal Melt, Ice thickness and structure of the Ross Ice Shelf using airborne radar data; CATS2008: Circum-Antarctic Tidal Simulation version 2008; CATS2008_v2023: Circum-Antarctic Tidal Simulation 2008, version 2023; ROSETTA-Ice data page; Ross Sea ocean model simulation used to support ROSETTA-Ice ", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "601235", "doi": "10.15784/601235", "keywords": "Antarctica; Inverse Modeling; Model Data; Ocean Currents; Sea Surface; Tidal Models; Tides", "people": "Padman, Laurence; Erofeeva, Svetlana; Howard, Susan L.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "CATS2008: Circum-Antarctic Tidal Simulation version 2008", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601235"}, {"dataset_uid": "601772", "doi": "10.15784/601772", "keywords": "Antarctica; Cryosphere; Inverse Modeling; Model Data; Ocean Currents; Oceans; Sea Surface; Southern Ocean; Tide Model; Tides", "people": "Greene, Chad A.; Sutterley, Tyler; Erofeeva, Svetlana; Padman, Laurence; Howard, Susan L.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "CATS2008_v2023: Circum-Antarctic Tidal Simulation 2008, version 2023", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601772"}, {"dataset_uid": "601255", "doi": "10.15784/601255", "keywords": "Antarctica; Basal Melt; Ice Shelf; Model Output; Ocean Circulation Model; Ross Ice Shelf; Ross Sea", "people": "Springer, Scott; Howard, Susan L.; Padman, Laurence", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Ross Sea ocean model simulation used to support ROSETTA-Ice ", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601255"}, {"dataset_uid": "601242", "doi": "10.15784/601242", "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Penetrating Radar; Ice-Shelf Basal Melting; Radar Echo Sounder; Radar Echo Sounding; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice", "people": "Tinto, Kirsty; Cordero, Isabel; Das, Indrani; Padman, Laurence; Bell, Robin; Fricker, Helen; Hulbe, Christina; Siddoway, Christine; Dhakal, Tejendra; Frearson, Nicholas; Mosbeux, Cyrille; Siegfried, Matt", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Basal Melt, Ice thickness and structure of the Ross Ice Shelf using airborne radar data", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601242"}, {"dataset_uid": "200100", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "PI website", "science_program": null, "title": "ROSETTA-Ice data page", "url": "http://wonder.ldeo.columbia.edu/data/ROSETTA-Ice/"}], "date_created": "Wed, 03 Jul 2019 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The Ross Ice Shelf is the largest existing ice shelf in Antarctica, and is currently stabilizing significant portions of the land ice atop the Antarctic continent. An ice shelf begins where the land ice goes afloat on the ocean, and as such, the Ross Ice Shelf interacts with the ocean and seafloor below, and the land ice behind. Currently, the Ross Ice Shelf slows down, or buttresses, the fast flowing ice streams of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS), a marine-based ice sheet, which if melted, would raise global sea level by 3-4 meters. The Ross Ice Shelf average ice thickness is approximately 350 meters, and it covers approximately 487,000 square kilometers, an area slightly larger than the state of California. The Ross Ice Shelf has disappeared during prior interglacial periods, suggesting in the future it may disappear again. Understanding the dynamics, stability and future of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet therefore requires in-depth knowledge of the Ross Ice Shelf. The ROSETTA-ICE project brings together scientists from 4 US institutions and from the Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences Limited, known as GNS Science, New Zealand. The ROSETTA-ICE data on the ice shelf, the water beneath the ice shelf, and the underlying rocks, will allow better predictions of how the Ross Ice Shelf will respond to changing climate, and therefore how the WAIS will behave in the future. The interdisciplinary ROSETTA-ICE team will train undergraduate and high school students in cutting edge research techniques, and will also work to educate the public via a series of vignettes integrating ROSETTA-ICE science with the scientific and human history of Antarctic research.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThe ROSETTA-ICE survey will acquire gravity and magnetics data to determine the water depth beneath the ice shelf. Radar, LIDAR and imagery systems will be used to map the Ross Ice Shelf thickness and fine structure, crevasses, channels, debris, surface accumulation and distribution of marine ice. The high resolution aerogeophysical data over the Ross Ice Shelf region in Antarctica will be acquired using the IcePod sensor suite mounted externally on an LC-130 aircraft operating from McMurdo Station, Antarctica. Field activities will include ~36 flights on LC-130 aircraft over two field seasons in Antarctica. The IcePod instrument suite leverages the unique experience of the New York Air National Guard operating in Antarctica for NSF scientific research as well as infrastructure and logistics. The project will answer questions about the stability of the Ross Ice Shelf in future climate, and the geotectonic evolution of the Ross Ice Shelf Region, a key component of the West Antarctic Rift system. The comprehensive benchmark data sets acquired will enable broad, interdisciplinary analyses and modeling, which will also be performed as part of the project. ROSETTA-ICE will illuminate Ross ice sheet-ice shelf-ocean dynamics as the system nears a critical juncture but still is intact. Through interacting with an online data visualization tool, and comparing the ROSETTA-ICE data and results from earlier studies, we will engage students and young investigators, equipping them with new capabilities for the study of critical earth systems that influence global climate.", "east": 161.0, "geometry": "POINT(-174.5 -81.5)", "instruments": "EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e ACTIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e RADAR SOUNDERS \u003e RADAR ECHO SOUNDERS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e MAGNETIC/MOTION SENSORS \u003e GRAVIMETERS \u003e GRAVIMETERS; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e ACTIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e LIDAR/LASER SOUNDERS \u003e LIDAR; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e MAGNETIC FIELD/ELECTRIC FIELD INSTRUMENTS \u003e PROTON MAGNETOMETER", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "Airborne Radar; LIDAR; Ross Ice Shelf; SALINITY; SALINITY/DENSITY; CONDUCTIVITY; ICE DEPTH/THICKNESS; Tidal Models; GRAVITY ANOMALIES; Ross Sea; Antarctica; BATHYMETRY; C-130; MAGNETIC ANOMALIES; USAP-DC; Airborne Gravity", "locations": "Ross Sea; Antarctica; Ross Ice Shelf", "north": -77.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Integrated System Science; Antarctic Integrated System Science", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Bell, Robin; Frearson, Nicholas; Das, Indrani; Fricker, Helen; Padman, Laurence; Springer, Scott; Siddoway, Christine; Tinto, Kirsty", "platforms": "AIR-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e PROPELLER \u003e C-130", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "PI website; USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -86.0, "title": "Collaborative Research: Uncovering the Ross Ocean and Ice Shelf Environment and Tectonic setting Through Aerogeophysical Surveys and Modeling (ROSETTA-ICE)", "uid": "p0010035", "west": -150.0}, {"awards": "1141890 Huber, Bruce", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-62.176502 -57.913998,-61.4764715 -57.913998,-60.776441 -57.913998,-60.0764105 -57.913998,-59.37638 -57.913998,-58.6763495 -57.913998,-57.976319 -57.913998,-57.2762885 -57.913998,-56.576258 -57.913998,-55.8762275 -57.913998,-55.176197 -57.913998,-55.176197 -58.6469082,-55.176197 -59.3798184,-55.176197 -60.1127286,-55.176197 -60.8456388,-55.176197 -61.578549,-55.176197 -62.3114592,-55.176197 -63.0443694,-55.176197 -63.7772796,-55.176197 -64.5101898,-55.176197 -65.2431,-55.8762275 -65.2431,-56.576258 -65.2431,-57.2762885 -65.2431,-57.976319 -65.2431,-58.6763495 -65.2431,-59.37638 -65.2431,-60.0764105 -65.2431,-60.776441 -65.2431,-61.4764715 -65.2431,-62.176502 -65.2431,-62.176502 -64.5101898,-62.176502 -63.7772796,-62.176502 -63.0443694,-62.176502 -62.3114592,-62.176502 -61.578549,-62.176502 -60.8456388,-62.176502 -60.1127286,-62.176502 -59.3798184,-62.176502 -58.6469082,-62.176502 -57.913998))", "dataset_titles": "Expedition Data of NBP1203; Processed CTD Data from the Larsen Ice Shelf near Antarctica acquired during the Nathaniel B. Palmer expedition NBP1203; Processed ship-based LADCP Sonar Data from the Larsen Ice Shelf near Antarctica acquired during the Nathaniel B. Palmer expedition NBP1203", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "601347", "doi": null, "keywords": "Antarctica; Antarctic Peninsula; Current Measurements; LADCP; LARISSA; Larsen Ice Shelf; NBP1203; Oceans; Physical Oceanography; R/v Nathaniel B. Palmer", "people": "Gordon, Arnold; Huber, Bruce", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Processed ship-based LADCP Sonar Data from the Larsen Ice Shelf near Antarctica acquired during the Nathaniel B. Palmer expedition NBP1203", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601347"}, {"dataset_uid": "601348", "doi": null, "keywords": "Antarctica; Antarctic Peninsula; CTD; CTD Data; LARISSA; Larsen Ice Shelf; NBP1203; Oceans; Physical Oceanography; R/v Nathaniel B. Palmer; Salinity; Temperature", "people": "Gordon, Arnold; Huber, Bruce", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Processed CTD Data from the Larsen Ice Shelf near Antarctica acquired during the Nathaniel B. Palmer expedition NBP1203", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601348"}, {"dataset_uid": "001438", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "R2R", "science_program": null, "title": "Expedition Data of NBP1203", "url": "https://www.rvdata.us/search/cruise/NBP1203"}], "date_created": "Wed, 17 Jun 2015 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Time series data, from ocean moorings, on key aspects of evolving ocean properties are of considerable importance in assessing the condition of the ocean system. They are needed, for example, their understand how the oceans are warming, and how they continue to uptake greenhouse gases such as CO2. \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThe Cape Adare Long Term Mooring (CALM) program goal was to observe the bottom water export from the Ross Sea to the deep ocean. To accomplish this two instrumented moorings were set on the continental slope off Cape Adare (western Ross Sea, Antarctica), positioned to capture the export of Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW), some of the coldest and densest water found in the global ocean. Data records for the moorings spans over some four years in this very remote part of the ocean. The CALM analysis will address some specific objectives:\u003cbr/\u003e? Characterize the temperature, salinity and current variability associated with the Ross Sea AABW export.\u003cbr/\u003e? Examine the linkages between observed variability to regional tides, atmosphere and sea ice forcing.\u003cbr/\u003e? Relate the Ross Sea AABW export fluctuations to the larger scale climate system dynamics, such as ENSO and SAM, and to AABW formation along other margins of Antarctica, e.g. the Weddell Sea", "east": -55.176197, "geometry": "POINT(-58.6763495 -61.578549)", "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e CTD; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e CHEMICAL METERS/ANALYZERS \u003e FLUOROMETERS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e RECORDERS/LOGGERS \u003e AWS; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e POSITIONING/NAVIGATION \u003e GPS \u003e GPS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e XBT; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e ACTIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e ACOUSTIC SOUNDERS \u003e ECHO SOUNDERS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e ACOUSTIC SOUNDERS \u003e ADCP; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e ACOUSTIC SOUNDERS \u003e MBES; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e THERMOSALINOGRAPHS", "is_usap_dc": false, "keywords": "R/V NBP", "locations": null, "north": -57.913998, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Huber, Bruce; Vernet, Maria", "platforms": "WATER-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e VESSELS \u003e SURFACE \u003e R/V NBP", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "R2R; USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -65.2431, "title": "Cape Adare Long Term Moorings (CALM): Analysis Phase", "uid": "p0000495", "west": -62.176502}, {"awards": "0538672 Palo, Scott", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60))", "dataset_titles": null, "datasets": null, "date_created": "Thu, 31 Jul 2014 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT), at an altitude between 80 and 120 km above the Earth\u0027s surface, is a highly dynamic region that couples the lower terrestrial atmosphere (troposphere and stratosphere) with the upper atmosphere near-Earth space environment (thermosphere and ionosphere). Of particular importance in this region are both the upward propagating thermally forced atmospheric tides and global scale planetary waves. Both of these phenomena transport heat and momentum from the lower atmosphere into the upper atmosphere. Studies in recent years have indicated that the Arctic and Antarctic MLT possess a rich spectrum waves and may be more sensitive to global change than the lower atmosphere. The primary goal of this research is to observe, quantify, model, and further understand the spatial-temporal structure and variability of the MLT circulation above Antarctica and its commonalities with the Arctic. A secondary goal is to quantify and understand the deposition of mass into the upper atmosphere through the ablation of meteors and the resulting effect on local and regional aeronomic processes. This includes the effect of meteor flux, temperature and dynamics on the seasonal distribution of sodium over the South Pole. Meteor radar was installed at the South Pole Amundsen-Scott station and has been running continuously since January 2002. A new sodium nightglow imager will be installed at the South Pole to infer the sodium abundance in the MLT. Observations from this instrument will be combined with the South Pole Fabry-Perot interferometer temperature measurements and the meteor radar wind and meteor flux measurements to improve our understanding of the sodium chemistry and dynamics. These observations will be interpreted using sophisticated numerical models and interpreted in conjunction with Arctic measurements along with current linear and nonlinear atmospheric models to advance the current understanding of processes important to the MLT region. This research also contributes to the training and education of the graduate and undergraduate students, a postdoc and early career tenure track faculty.", "east": 180.0, "geometry": "POINT(0 -89.999)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "Not provided", "locations": null, "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": null, "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Palo, Scott; Avery, James; Avery, Susan", "platforms": "Not provided", "repositories": null, "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "Collaborative Studies of the Antarctic Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere", "uid": "p0000491", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "0732946 Steffen, Konrad", "bounds_geometry": null, "dataset_titles": "Larsen C automatic weather station data 2008\u20132011; Mean surface mass balance over Larsen C ice shelf, Antarctica (1979-2014), assimilated to in situ GPR and snow height data", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "601056", "doi": "10.15784/601056", "keywords": "Antarctica; Antarctic Peninsula; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; GPR; Larsen C Ice Shelf; Radar", "people": "Steffen, Konrad; McGrath, Daniel; Kuipers Munneke, Peter", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Mean surface mass balance over Larsen C ice shelf, Antarctica (1979-2014), assimilated to in situ GPR and snow height data", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601056"}, {"dataset_uid": "601445", "doi": "10.15784/601445", "keywords": "Antarctica; Atmosphere; AWS; Foehn Winds; Ice Shelf; Larsen C Ice Shelf; Larsen Ice Shelf; Meteorology; Weather Station Data", "people": "Steffen, Konrad; McGrath, Daniel; Bayou, Nicolas", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Larsen C automatic weather station data 2008\u20132011", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601445"}], "date_created": "Wed, 03 Oct 2012 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This award supports a field experiment, with partners from Chile and the Netherlands, to determine the state of health and stability of Larsen C ice shelf in response to climate change. Significant glaciological and ecological changes are taking place in the Antarctic Peninsula in response to climate warming that is proceeding at 6 times the global average rate. Following the collapse of Larsen A ice shelf in 1995 and Larsen B in 2002, the outlet glaciers that nourished them with land ice accelerated massively, losing a disproportionate amount of ice to the ocean. Further south, the much larger Larsen C ice shelf is thinning and measurements collected over more than a decade suggest that it is doomed to break up. The intellectual merit of the project will be to contribute to the scientific knowledge of one of the Antarctic sectors where the most significant changes are taking place at present. The project is central to a cluster of International Polar Year activities in the Antarctic Peninsula. It will yield a legacy of international collaboration, instrument networking, education of young scientists, reference data and scientific analysis in a remote but globally relevant glaciological setting. The broader impacts of the project will be to address the contribution to sea level rise from Antarctica and to bring live monitoring of climate and ice dynamics in Antarctica to scientists, students, the non-specialized public, the press and the media via live web broadcasting of progress, data collection, visualization and analysis. Existing data will be combined with new measurements to assess what physical processes are controlling the weakening of the ice shelf, whether a break up is likely, and provide baseline data to quantify the consequences of a breakup. Field activities will include measurements using the Global Positioning System (GPS), installation of automatic weather stations (AWS), ground penetrating radar (GPR) measurements, collection of shallow firn cores and temperature measurements. These data will be used to characterize the dynamic response of the ice shelf to a variety of phenomena (oceanic tides, iceberg calving, ice-front retreat and rifting, time series of weather conditions, structural characteristics of the ice shelf and bottom melting regime, and the ability of firn to collect melt water and subsequently form water ponds that over-deepen and weaken the ice shelf). This effort will complement an analysis of remote sensing data, ice-shelf numerical models and control methods funded independently to provide a more comprehensive analysis of the ice shelf evolution in a changing climate.", "east": null, "geometry": null, "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e RECORDERS/LOGGERS \u003e AWS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e CORERS \u003e CORING DEVICES; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e ACTIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e RADAR SOUNDERS \u003e GPR; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e POSITIONING/NAVIGATION \u003e GPS \u003e GPS; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e TEMPERATURE PROFILERS", "is_usap_dc": false, "keywords": "Climate Warming; Firn; COMPUTERS; Ice Dynamic; USAP-DC; Glaciological; Thinning; Sea Level Rise; FIELD SURVEYS; FIELD INVESTIGATION; USA/NSF; AMD; Ice Edge Retreat; LABORATORY; Climate Change; Antarctic Peninsula; Amd/Us; Melting", "locations": "Antarctic Peninsula", "north": null, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Steffen, Konrad", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD INVESTIGATION; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD SURVEYS; OTHER \u003e MODELS \u003e COMPUTERS; OTHER \u003e PHYSICAL MODELS \u003e LABORATORY", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": null, "title": "IPY: Stability of Larsen C Ice Shelf in a Warming Climate", "uid": "p0000087", "west": null}, {"awards": "0125172 Gordon, Arnold", "bounds_geometry": null, "dataset_titles": "Expedition Data; Expedition data of NBP0302; Expedition data of NBP0304C; Expedition data of NBP0304D; Expedition data of NBP0402; Expedition data of NBP0408; Expedition data of NBP0501", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "001692", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "R2R", "science_program": null, "title": "Expedition Data", "url": "https://www.rvdata.us/search/cruise/NBP0304D"}, {"dataset_uid": "002620", "doi": null, "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "R2R", "science_program": null, "title": "Expedition data of NBP0408", "url": "https://www.rvdata.us/search/cruise/NBP0408"}, {"dataset_uid": "002588", "doi": null, "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "R2R", "science_program": null, "title": "Expedition data of NBP0302", "url": "https://www.rvdata.us/search/cruise/NBP0302"}, {"dataset_uid": "002624", "doi": null, "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "R2R", "science_program": null, "title": "Expedition data of NBP0304C", "url": "https://www.rvdata.us/search/cruise/NBP0304C"}, {"dataset_uid": "002625", "doi": null, "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "R2R", "science_program": null, "title": "Expedition data of NBP0304D", "url": "https://www.rvdata.us/search/cruise/NBP0304D"}, {"dataset_uid": "002627", "doi": null, "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "R2R", "science_program": null, "title": "Expedition data of NBP0501", "url": "https://www.rvdata.us/search/cruise/NBP0501"}, {"dataset_uid": "002629", "doi": null, "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "R2R", "science_program": null, "title": "Expedition data of NBP0501", "url": "https://www.rvdata.us/search/cruise/NBP0501"}, {"dataset_uid": "002638", "doi": null, "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "R2R", "science_program": null, "title": "Expedition data of NBP0402", "url": "https://www.rvdata.us/search/cruise/NBP0402"}, {"dataset_uid": "001691", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "R2R", "science_program": null, "title": "Expedition Data", "url": "https://www.rvdata.us/search/cruise/NBP0304C"}], "date_created": "Tue, 17 Jan 2012 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This study will investigate how the Antarctic Slope Front and continental slope morphology determine the exchanges of mass, heat, and fresh water between the shelf and the deep ocean, in particular those leading to outflows of dense water into intermediate and deep layers of the adjacent basins and into the world ocean circulation \u003cbr/\u003eWhile the importance to the global ocean circulation and climate of cold water masses originating in the Antarctic is unquestioned, the processes by which these water masses enter the deep ocean circulation are not. The primary goal of this work therefore is to identify the principal physical processes that govern the transfer of shelf-modified dense water into intermediate and deep layers of the adjacent deep ocean. At the same time, it seeks to understand the compensatory poleward flow of waters from the oceanic regime. The upper continental slope has been identified as the critical gateway for the exchange of shelf and deep ocean waters. Here the topography, velocity and density fields associated with the nearly ubiquitous front must strongly influence the advective and turbulent transfer of water properties between the shelf and oceanic regimes. The study has four specific objectives: [1] Determine the mean frontal structure and the principal scales of variability, and estimate the role of the front on cross-slope exchanges and mixing of adjacent water masses; [2] Determine the influence of slope topography and bathymetry on frontal location and outflow of dense Shelf Water; [3] Establish the role of frontal instabilities, benthic boundary layer transports, tides and other oscillatory processes on cross-slope advection and fluxes; and [4] Assess the effect of diapycnal mixing, lateral mixing identified through intrusions, and nonlinearities in the equation of state on the rate of descent and the fate of outflowing, near-freezing Shelf Water.", "east": null, "geometry": null, "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e CTD; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e MAGNETIC/MOTION SENSORS \u003e GRAVIMETERS \u003e GRAVIMETERS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PRESSURE/HEIGHT METERS \u003e PRESSURE SENSORS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e SAMPLERS \u003e BOTTLES/FLASKS/JARS \u003e WATER BOTTLES; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PHOTON/OPTICAL DETECTORS \u003e TURBIDITY METERS; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e POSITIONING/NAVIGATION \u003e GPS \u003e GPS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e ACOUSTIC SOUNDERS \u003e ADCP; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e ACOUSTIC SOUNDERS \u003e MSBS", "is_usap_dc": false, "keywords": "R/V NBP", "locations": null, "north": null, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Gordon, Arnold; Cande, Steven; Visbeck, Martin; Jacobs, Stanley", "platforms": "WATER-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e VESSELS \u003e SURFACE \u003e R/V NBP", "repo": "R2R", "repositories": "R2R", "science_programs": null, "south": null, "title": "Collaborative Research: Anslope, Cross-slope Exchanges at the Antarctic Slope Front", "uid": "p0000807", "west": null}, {"awards": "0839119 Wu, Qian", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-68.1 -63.8,-67.29 -63.8,-66.48 -63.8,-65.67 -63.8,-64.86 -63.8,-64.05 -63.8,-63.24 -63.8,-62.43 -63.8,-61.62 -63.8,-60.81 -63.8,-60 -63.8,-60 -64.1,-60 -64.4,-60 -64.7,-60 -65,-60 -65.3,-60 -65.6,-60 -65.9,-60 -66.2,-60 -66.5,-60 -66.8,-60.81 -66.8,-61.62 -66.8,-62.43 -66.8,-63.24 -66.8,-64.05 -66.8,-64.86 -66.8,-65.67 -66.8,-66.48 -66.8,-67.29 -66.8,-68.1 -66.8,-68.1 -66.5,-68.1 -66.2,-68.1 -65.9,-68.1 -65.6,-68.1 -65.3,-68.1 -65,-68.1 -64.7,-68.1 -64.4,-68.1 -64.1,-68.1 -63.8))", "dataset_titles": null, "datasets": null, "date_created": "Mon, 12 Jul 2010 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). This project will deploy a new Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) at the U.S. Palmer Station located in the Antarctic Peninsula. The FPI will observe mesospheric and thermospheric neutral winds and temperatures using multiple nightglow emissions (OH, 892 nm, 87 km; O 557.7 nm, 97 km; O 630 nm, 250 km; and O2 (0-1) 865 nm, 94 km). The project\u0027s team will collaborate with Australian scientists who operate similar FPI instruments at their Antarctic stations Mawson and Davis to jointly analyze the neutral wind and temperature data distributions over the continent and address the following scientific problems: (1) Thermospheric neutral winds effects on the Weddell Sea Anomaly, (2) Non-migrating tides in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere, (3) Lower thermospheric meridional wind circulation and mesosphere wind shear, (4) High-latitude geomagnetic field effects on the mid-latitude thermosphere, and (4) Conjugacy studies of the mesosphere and thermosphere with the incoherent scatter radar and FPI observations from Millstone Hill, Massachusetts. The fieldwork and analysis efforts associated with this project are highly suitable for involvement and research training of graduate students.", "east": -60.0, "geometry": "POINT(-64.05 -65.3)", "instruments": "EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e INTERFEROMETERS \u003e FPI", "is_usap_dc": false, "keywords": "GROUND STATIONS; Thermospheric Winds; Fpi", "locations": null, "north": -63.8, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Astrophysics and Geospace Sciences", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Wu, Qian", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e PERMANENT LAND SITES \u003e GROUND STATIONS", "repositories": null, "science_programs": null, "south": -66.8, "title": "Collaborative Research: Thermospheric Neutral Wind Observation from the Antarctic Peninsula", "uid": "p0000472", "west": -68.1}, {"awards": "9910102 Padman, Laurence", "bounds_geometry": null, "dataset_titles": "Expedition data of NBP0104; Expedition data of NBP0202; Expedition data of NBP0204", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "002643", "doi": null, "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "R2R", "science_program": null, "title": "Expedition data of NBP0204", "url": "https://www.rvdata.us/search/cruise/NBP0204"}, {"dataset_uid": "002597", "doi": null, "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "R2R", "science_program": null, "title": "Expedition data of NBP0204", "url": "https://www.rvdata.us/search/cruise/NBP0204"}, {"dataset_uid": "002606", "doi": null, "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "R2R", "science_program": null, "title": "Expedition data of NBP0104", "url": "https://www.rvdata.us/search/cruise/NBP0104"}, {"dataset_uid": "002586", "doi": null, "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "R2R", "science_program": null, "title": "Expedition data of NBP0202", "url": "https://www.rvdata.us/search/cruise/NBP0202"}, {"dataset_uid": "002657", "doi": null, "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "R2R", "science_program": null, "title": "Expedition data of NBP0104", "url": "https://www.rvdata.us/search/cruise/NBP0104"}], "date_created": "Tue, 04 May 2010 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This project is a contribution to a coordinated attempt to understand the interactions of biological and physical dynamics by developing relationships among the evolution of the antarctic winter ice and snow cover, biological habitat variability, and the seasonal progression of marine ecological processes. The work will be carried out in the context of the Southern Ocean Experiment of the Global Ocean Ecosystem Dynamics Study (Globec), a large, multi-investigator study of the winter survival strategy of krill under the antarctic sea ice in the vicinity of Marguerite Bay on the western side of the Antarctic Peninsula.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThere are several aspects to this project: One is the collection, analysis, and archiving of Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP), and Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) data in order to characterize mesoscale circulation features and the regional hydrography. Another is to develop an accurate and fully validated model of tidal currents in Marguerite Bay. A third is to provide a data set of small-scale processes such as shear instabilities, tidal stirring, mesoscale eddies, and double diffusion, that are required for the effective parameterization of the vertical diffusivities of heat, salt, and nutrients. The results of this project will provide a unified data set that satisfies the data requirement of the coordinated chemical and biological studies which will link water column and sea ice processes with the biology of krill and its predators. The results further will help to link these winter observations to similar observations made in summer and elsewhere around Antarctic in the international context of the Globec program. The overall objective is to develop a comprehensive ecosystem model that will test our understanding of the system, determine its sensitivities, and to provide an organizing mechanism for integrating the Southern Ocean Globec observations. \u003cbr/\u003e***", "east": null, "geometry": null, "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e MAGNETIC/MOTION SENSORS \u003e GRAVIMETERS \u003e GRAVIMETERS", "is_usap_dc": false, "keywords": "R/V NBP", "locations": null, "north": null, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Padman, Laurence", "platforms": "WATER-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e VESSELS \u003e SURFACE \u003e R/V NBP", "repo": "R2R", "repositories": "R2R", "science_programs": null, "south": null, "title": "Mesoscale Circulation, Tides and Mixing on the Western Antarctic Peninsula Shelf: A Component of WINDSSOCK (ESR proposal #99-48)", "uid": "p0000806", "west": null}, {"awards": "9317379 Foster, Theodore", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((143.4953 -43.56287,146.46757 -43.56287,149.43984 -43.56287,152.41211 -43.56287,155.38438 -43.56287,158.35665 -43.56287,161.32892 -43.56287,164.30119 -43.56287,167.27346 -43.56287,170.24573 -43.56287,173.218 -43.56287,173.218 -46.238515,173.218 -48.91416,173.218 -51.589805,173.218 -54.26545,173.218 -56.941095,173.218 -59.61674,173.218 -62.292385,173.218 -64.96803,173.218 -67.643675,173.218 -70.31932,170.24573 -70.31932,167.27346 -70.31932,164.30119 -70.31932,161.32892 -70.31932,158.35665 -70.31932,155.38438 -70.31932,152.41211 -70.31932,149.43984 -70.31932,146.46757 -70.31932,143.4953 -70.31932,143.4953 -67.643675,143.4953 -64.96803,143.4953 -62.292385,143.4953 -59.61674,143.4953 -56.941095,143.4953 -54.26545,143.4953 -51.589805,143.4953 -48.91416,143.4953 -46.238515,143.4953 -43.56287))", "dataset_titles": "Expedition Data", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "002240", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "R2R", "science_program": null, "title": "Expedition Data", "url": "https://www.rvdata.us/search/cruise/NBP9502"}], "date_created": "Tue, 04 May 2010 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "9317379 Foster This project is study of the deep and bottom water formation processes of the antarctic continental shelf off Wilkes Land between 145 deg E longitude and 160 deg E longitude. The project is to be carried out jointly with an Australian oceanographic project. Preliminary work in 1985 has shown that hydrographic sections in this area are quite similar to those of known deep water formation regions in the southern Weddell Sea. This project will include the year-long deployment of six current meter moorings, and tracer studies (oxygen, carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons, stable isotopes, and nutrients) to test whether shelf waves and tides are the principal mechanism for mixing shelf water with the off-shore intermediate water. Two oceanographic cruises are planned for this work: a cruise of the RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer in February 1995, and a cruise of the Australian ship R/V Aurora Australis in February 1996. ***", "east": 173.218, "geometry": "POINT(158.35665 -56.941095)", "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e MAGNETIC/MOTION SENSORS \u003e GRAVIMETERS \u003e GRAVIMETERS", "is_usap_dc": false, "keywords": "R/V NBP", "locations": null, "north": -43.56287, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Foster, Theodore; Foster, Ted", "platforms": "WATER-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e VESSELS \u003e SURFACE \u003e R/V NBP", "repo": "R2R", "repositories": "R2R", "science_programs": null, "south": -70.31932, "title": "Deep Water Formation off the Eastern Wilkes Land Coast of Antarctica", "uid": "p0000645", "west": 143.4953}, {"awards": "0229629 Anandakrishnan, Sridhar", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-165 -82,-161.5 -82,-158 -82,-154.5 -82,-151 -82,-147.5 -82,-144 -82,-140.5 -82,-137 -82,-133.5 -82,-130 -82,-130 -82.2,-130 -82.4,-130 -82.6,-130 -82.8,-130 -83,-130 -83.2,-130 -83.4,-130 -83.6,-130 -83.8,-130 -84,-133.5 -84,-137 -84,-140.5 -84,-144 -84,-147.5 -84,-151 -84,-154.5 -84,-158 -84,-161.5 -84,-165 -84,-165 -83.8,-165 -83.6,-165 -83.4,-165 -83.2,-165 -83,-165 -82.8,-165 -82.6,-165 -82.4,-165 -82.2,-165 -82))", "dataset_titles": null, "datasets": null, "date_created": "Thu, 14 Jun 2007 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This award supports a project to investigate the new-found, startling sensitivity of two major West Antarctic ice streams to tidal oscillations to learn the extent and character of the effect and its ramifications for future ice-stream behavior. Ice streams D, C and Whillans (B) all show strong but distinct tidal signals. The ice plain of Whillans is usually stopped outright, forward motion being limited to two brief periods each day, at high tide and on the falling tide. Motion events propagate across the ice plain at seismic wave velocities. Near the mouth of D, tides cause a diurnal variation of about 50% in ice-stream speed that propagates upglacier more slowly than on Whillans, and seismic data show that C experiences even slower upglacier propagation of tidal signals. Tidal influences are observed more than 100 km upglacier on C, more than 40 km upglacier on D, and may be responsible for fluctuations in basal water pressure reported 400 km upstream on Whillans, nearly the full length of the ice stream. During the first year, the spatial extent of this behavior will be measured on Whillans Ice Stream and ice stream D by five coordinated seismic and GPS instrument packages at 100-km spacing on each ice stream. These packages will be deployed by Twin Otter at sites selected by review of satellite imagery and will operate autonomously through a combination of solar and battery power for two lunar cycles to study the sensitivity of the ice stream motion to spring and neap tides. Additionally, existing data sets will be examined further for clues to the mechanisms involved, and preliminary models will be developed to reconcile the seemingly contrasting behaviors observed on the ice streams. The second and third field seasons will examine in greater detail the tidal behavior of Whillans (year 2) and D (year 3). Work will especially focus on detailed study of at least one source area for events on Whillans, assuming that source areas inferred from preliminary data remain active. Vertical motions have not yet been detected, but differential GPS will increase our detection sensitivity. Seismic instrumentation will greatly increase temporal resolution and the ability to measure the propagation speed and any spatial heterogeneity. Modeling will be refined as more is learned from the field experiments. The project should yield numerous broader impacts. The improved knowledge of ice-stream behavior from this study will contribute to assessment of the potential for rapid ice-sheet change affecting global sea level with societal consequences. Results will be disseminated through scientific publication and talks at professional meetings, as well as contacts with the press, university classes taught by the PIs, visits to schools and community groups, and other activities. Two graduate students will be educated through the project.", "east": -130.0, "geometry": "POINT(-147.5 -83)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": false, "keywords": "Ice Stream; Tidal Motion; Vertical Motions; Seismic; West Antarctic; Ice Stream Motion; Global Sea Level; Modeling; Not provided", "locations": "West Antarctic", "north": -82.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Anandakrishnan, Sridhar; Alley, Richard; Voigt, Donald E.", "platforms": "Not provided", "repositories": null, "science_programs": null, "south": -84.0, "title": "Collaborative Research: Tidal Modulation of Ice Stream Flow", "uid": "p0000075", "west": -165.0}]

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