USAP-DC

{"dp_type": "Dataset", "free_text": "Nutrients"}

[{"awards": "2044924 Barrett, John", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((161.70776367188 -77.519802097166,161.899475097661 -77.519802097166,162.091186523442 -77.519802097166,162.282897949223 -77.519802097166,162.474609375004 -77.519802097166,162.666320800785 -77.519802097166,162.858032226566 -77.519802097166,163.049743652347 -77.519802097166,163.241455078128 -77.519802097166,163.433166503909 -77.519802097166,163.62487792969 -77.519802097166,163.62487792969 -77.54867059480199,163.62487792969 -77.57753909243799,163.62487792969 -77.606407590074,163.62487792969 -77.63527608771,163.62487792969 -77.664144585346,163.62487792969 -77.69301308298199,163.62487792969 -77.72188158061799,163.62487792969 -77.750750078254,163.62487792969 -77.77961857589,163.62487792969 -77.808487073526,163.433166503909 -77.808487073526,163.241455078128 -77.808487073526,163.049743652347 -77.808487073526,162.858032226566 -77.808487073526,162.666320800785 -77.808487073526,162.474609375004 -77.808487073526,162.282897949223 -77.808487073526,162.091186523442 -77.808487073526,161.899475097661 -77.808487073526,161.70776367188 -77.808487073526,161.70776367188 -77.77961857589,161.70776367188 -77.750750078254,161.70776367188 -77.72188158061799,161.70776367188 -77.69301308298199,161.70776367188 -77.664144585346,161.70776367188 -77.63527608771,161.70776367188 -77.606407590074,161.70776367188 -77.57753909243799,161.70776367188 -77.54867059480199,161.70776367188 -77.519802097166))"], "date_created": "Wed, 03 Apr 2024 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Microbial communities are the primary drivers of carbon cycling in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica. Dense microbial mats, consisting mainly of photosynthetic cyanobacteria, occupy aquatic areas associated with streams and lakes. Other microbial communities also occur at lower densities as patchy surface biological soil crusts (biocrusts) across the terrestrial landscape. Multispectral satellite data have been used to model microbial mat abundance in high-density areas like stream and lake margins, but no previous studies had investigated the lower detection limits of biocrusts. Here, we describe remote sensing and field-based survey and sampling approaches to study the detectability and distribution of biocrusts in the McMurdo Dry Valleys. Using a combination of multi- and hyperspectral tools and spectral linear unmixing, we modeled the abundances of biocrust in eastern Taylor Valley. Our spectral approaches can detect low masses of biocrust material in laboratory microcosms down to biocrust concentrations of 1% by mass. These techniques also distinguish the spectra of biocrust from both surface rock and mineral signatures from orbit. We found that biocrusts are present throughout the soils of eastern Taylor Valley and are associated with diverse underlying soil communities. The densest biocrust communities identified in this study had total organic carbon 5x greater than the content of typical arid soils. The most productive biocrusts were located downslope of melting snowpacks in unique soil ecosystems that are distinct from the surrounding arid landscape. There are similarities between the snowpack and stream sediment communities (high diversity of soil invertebrates) as well as their ecosystem properties (e.g., persistence of liquid water, high transfer of available nutrients, lower salinity from flushing) compared to the typical arid terrestrial ecosystem of the dry valleys. Our approach extends the capability of orbital remote sensing of photosynthetic communities out of the aquatic margins and into the drier soils which comprise most of this landscape. This interdisciplinary work is critical for measuring and monitoring terrestrial carbon stocks and predicting future ecosystem dynamics in this currently water-limited but increasingly dynamic Antarctic landscape, which is particularly climate-sensitive and difficult to access.\r\n", "east": 163.62487792969, "geometry": ["POINT(162.666320800785 -77.664144585346)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Carbon; Cryosphere; Mcmurdo Dry Valleys; Snow", "locations": "Mcmurdo Dry Valleys; Antarctica", "north": -77.519802097166, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems", "persons": "Barrett, John", "project_titles": null, "projects": null, "repositories": null, "science_programs": null, "south": -77.808487073526, "title": "Hyperspectral reflectance values and biophysicochemical properties of biocrusts and soils in the Fryxell Basin, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica", "uid": "601773", "west": 161.70776367188}, {"awards": "1744871 Robinson, Rebecca", "bounds_geometry": null, "date_created": "Wed, 30 Aug 2023 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This dataset is the results of 3 experiments in which the spore-forming diatom Chaetoceros socialis was grown in culture and induced into resting spores by nitrate limitation. The nitrogen isotopic composition of accumulated biomass (\u03b415Nbiomass; \u2030 vs air) and of diatom-bound organic N (\u03b415Ndb; \u2030 vs air) are reported at two timepoints from each experiment: prior to and after resting spore formation. Experiments 1 and 2 provide measurements for CRS mixed with vegetative Chaetoceros cells, while Experiment 3 provides measurements for isolated CRS. Fluorescence and nitrate concentration was tracked throughout each experiment, with dissolved silica, ammonium, and total reduced nitrogen also measured in Experiment 3.", "east": null, "geometry": null, "keywords": "Antarctica", "locations": "Antarctica; Antarctica", "north": null, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Earth Sciences", "persons": "Dove, Isabel", "project_titles": "The nitrogen isotopic composition of diatom resting spores in Southern Ocean sediments: A source of bias and/or paleoenvironmental information?", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010234", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "The nitrogen isotopic composition of diatom resting spores in Southern Ocean sediments: A source of bias and/or paleoenvironmental information?"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": null, "title": "Dissolved nutrients, cell counts, and nitrogen isotope measurements from Chaetoceros socialis culture experiments", "uid": "601727", "west": null}, {"awards": "1543537 Priscu, John", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(-149.50134 -84.640287)"], "date_created": "Wed, 01 Feb 2023 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This dataset contains water column biogeochemical properties measured on discrete samples collected from Mercer Subglacial Lake by the SALSA project. Data included are: specific conductance; carbonic acid system parameters (total alkalinity, total inorganic carbon, and pH); water stable isotopes (\u03b42H and \u03b418O); dissolved gases (oxygen, methane, nitrous oxide, and hydrogen); dissolved nutrients (ammonium, nitrite and phosphate), major anions (including nitrate) and cations; size-fractionated colloidal and dissolved trace elements); dissolved organic carbon; and microbial cell and virus-like particle counts.", "east": -149.50134, "geometry": ["POINT(-149.50134 -84.640287)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Carbon; Cell Counts; Geochemistry; Glacier; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Mercer Subglacial Lake; Microbes; Nutrients; SALSA; Stable Isotopes; Trace Elements; West Antarctic Ice Sheet", "locations": "Mercer Subglacial Lake; Mercer Subglacial Lake; West Antarctic Ice Sheet; Antarctica", "north": -84.640287, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Dore, John; Skidmore, Mark; Hawkings, Jon; Steigmeyer, August; Li, Wei; Barker, Joel; Tranter, Martyn; Priscu, John; Science Team, SALSA", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Subglacial Antarctic Lakes Scientific Access (SALSA): Integrated Study of Carbon Cycling in Hydrologically-active Subglacial Environments", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010119", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Subglacial Antarctic Lakes Scientific Access (SALSA): Integrated Study of Carbon Cycling in Hydrologically-active Subglacial Environments"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -84.640287, "title": "Water column biogeochemical data from Mercer Subglacial Lake", "uid": "601663", "west": -149.50134}, {"awards": "1643735 Li, Yun; 2021245 Li, Yun", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -61.8,180 -63.6,180 -65.4,180 -67.2,180 -69,180 -70.8,180 -72.6,180 -74.4,180 -76.2,180 -78,144 -78,108 -78,72 -78,36 -78,0 -78,-36 -78,-72 -78,-108 -78,-144 -78,-180 -78,-180 -76.2,-180 -74.4,-180 -72.6,-180 -70.8,-180 -69,-180 -67.2,-180 -65.4,-180 -63.6,-180 -61.8,-180 -60))"], "date_created": "Mon, 12 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Coastal Antarctic polynyas are regions with concentrated phytoplankton blooms, and therefore have important implications for marine ecosystems and the associated carbon cycles. Seasonal water-column stratification, regulated by sea ice, can modulate the exposure of phytoplankton to light and nutrients, and is one of the most important factors that control the duration and strength of algal blooms. Polynyas differ greatly in their stratification, thus are not equally productive in terms of phytoplankton biomass, nor equally vulnerable to the changes in regional climate. To date, most studies have been focusing on individual polynyas, yet a systematic assessment of stratification patterns across polynyas is still lacking. Therefore, we examined the spatial and seasonal variability of stratification in circum-Antarctic coastal polynyas. Using \u003e105 in situ hydrographic casts combined from the World Ocean Database (1970-2021) and the Marine Mammals Exploring the Oceans Pole to Pole Consortium Database (2004-2017), we constructed stratification seasonal climatology using 0-100 m Simpson Energy. Our results showed that stratification magnitude varies by a factor of 6 and its onset time displays 1-2 months difference across all the polynyas. In the presence of warmer water at depths, polynyas tend to develop stronger stratification than others. The spatial variations of stratification are negatively related to sea ice retreat rate and polynya size, indicative of distinct dynamics resulted from the interaction of sea ice melting, advection and water-column mixing.", "east": 180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -89.999)"], "keywords": "Antarctic; Antarctica; Antarctic Coastal Polynyas; Polynya", "locations": "Antarctic Coastal Polynyas; Antarctic; Antarctica", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Integrated System Science", "persons": "Li, Yun; Shunk, Nathan; Zhang, Weifeng", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Polynyas in Coastal Antarctica (PICA): Linking Physical Dynamics to Biological Variability", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010044", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Polynyas in Coastal Antarctica (PICA): Linking Physical Dynamics to Biological Variability"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -78.0, "title": "Monthly Stratification Climatology (1978-2021) in Antarctic Coastal Polynyas", "uid": "601628", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "1643684 Saito, Mak", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-180 -70,-173.5 -70,-167 -70,-160.5 -70,-154 -70,-147.5 -70,-141 -70,-134.5 -70,-128 -70,-121.5 -70,-115 -70,-115 -70.8,-115 -71.6,-115 -72.4,-115 -73.2,-115 -74,-115 -74.8,-115 -75.6,-115 -76.4,-115 -77.2,-115 -78,-121.5 -78,-128 -78,-134.5 -78,-141 -78,-147.5 -78,-154 -78,-160.5 -78,-167 -78,-173.5 -78,180 -78,179.2 -78,178.4 -78,177.6 -78,176.8 -78,176 -78,175.2 -78,174.4 -78,173.6 -78,172.8 -78,172 -78,172 -77.2,172 -76.4,172 -75.6,172 -74.8,172 -74,172 -73.2,172 -72.4,172 -71.6,172 -70.8,172 -70,172.8 -70,173.6 -70,174.4 -70,175.2 -70,176 -70,176.8 -70,177.6 -70,178.4 -70,179.2 -70,-180 -70))"], "date_created": "Wed, 20 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Nutrient from Amundsen Sea Ross Sea and Terra Nova Bay. Parameters include phosphate, N+N (nitrate + nitrite), silicic acid, nitrite and ammonia. Measured by Joe Jennings (OSU) using protocols described by Noble et al., 2012 (Limnol. Oceanogr.). Trace metal rosette CTD sensor data also included for bottle depths. ", "east": 172.0, "geometry": ["POINT(-151.5 -74)"], "keywords": "Amundsen Sea; Antarctica; NBP1801; Nitrate; Nitrite; Nutrients; Phosphate; Ross Sea; R/v Nathaniel B. Palmer; Silicic Acid; Terra Nova Bay", "locations": "Amundsen Sea; Ross Sea; Terra Nova Bay; Antarctica", "north": -70.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Integrated System Science", "persons": "Saito, Mak", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Cobalamin and Iron Co-Limitation Of Phytoplankton Species in Terra Nova Bay", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010045", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Cobalamin and Iron Co-Limitation Of Phytoplankton Species in Terra Nova Bay"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -78.0, "title": "Nutrients from NBP18-01 CICLOPS", "uid": "601428", "west": -115.0}, {"awards": "1341736 Adams, Byron; 1341631 Lyons, W. Berry", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-177.4213 -84.4647,-177.08802 -84.4647,-176.75474 -84.4647,-176.42146 -84.4647,-176.08818 -84.4647,-175.7549 -84.4647,-175.42162 -84.4647,-175.08834 -84.4647,-174.75506 -84.4647,-174.42178 -84.4647,-174.0885 -84.4647,-174.0885 -84.56732,-174.0885 -84.66994,-174.0885 -84.77256,-174.0885 -84.87518,-174.0885 -84.9778,-174.0885 -85.08042,-174.0885 -85.18304,-174.0885 -85.28566,-174.0885 -85.38828,-174.0885 -85.4909,-174.42178 -85.4909,-174.75506 -85.4909,-175.08834 -85.4909,-175.42162 -85.4909,-175.7549 -85.4909,-176.08818 -85.4909,-176.42146 -85.4909,-176.75474 -85.4909,-177.08802 -85.4909,-177.4213 -85.4909,-177.4213 -85.38828,-177.4213 -85.28566,-177.4213 -85.18304,-177.4213 -85.08042,-177.4213 -84.9778,-177.4213 -84.87518,-177.4213 -84.77256,-177.4213 -84.66994,-177.4213 -84.56732,-177.4213 -84.4647))"], "date_created": "Sat, 02 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "During the 2017-2018 austral summer, 220 surface soil samples (~top 5 cm) were collected from 11 distinct ice-free areas (Roberts Massif, Schroeder Hill, Mt. Augustana, Bennett Platform, Mt. Heekin, Thanksgiving Valley, Taylor Nunatak, Mt. Franke, Mt. Wasko, Nilsen Peak, and Mt. Speed) along the Shackleton Glacier. Dried soils were leached at a 1:5 soil to DI water ratio, and the leachate was filtered through 0.4 \u00b5m Nucleopore membrane filters. The leachate was analyzed for anions (F-, Cl-, Br-, and SO42-) which were measured on a Dionex ICS-2100 ion chromatograph, cations (K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and Sr2+) which were measured on a PerkinElmer Optima 8300 Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES), and nutrients (NO3- + NO2-, PO43-, H4SiO4, and NH3) which were measured on a Skalar San++ Automated Wet Chemistry Analyzer at The Ohio State University. Perchlorate (ClO4-) and chlorate (ClO3-) were measured using an ion chromatograph-tandem mass spectrometry technique (IC-MS/MS) at Texas Tech University. Accuracy was typically better than 5% for all major anions, cations, and nutrients, as determined by the NIST 1643e external reference standard and the 2015 USGS interlaboratory calibration standard (M-216), and better than 10% for perchlorate and chlorate, as determined by spike recoveries.", "east": -174.0885, "geometry": ["POINT(-175.7549 -84.9778)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Geochemistry; Shackleton Glacier", "locations": "Shackleton Glacier; Antarctica", "north": -84.4647, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems; Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems", "persons": "Diaz, Melisa A.; Lyons, W. Berry; Gardner, Christopher B.", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: The Role of Glacial History on the Structure and Functioning of Ecological Communities in the Shackleton Glacier Region of the Transantarctic Mountains", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010140", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: The Role of Glacial History on the Structure and Functioning of Ecological Communities in the Shackleton Glacier Region of the Transantarctic Mountains"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -85.4909, "title": "Shackleton Glacier region soil water-soluble geochemical data", "uid": "601418", "west": -177.4213}, {"awards": "0087401 Smith, Walker", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-180 -76,-179.6 -76,-179.2 -76,-178.8 -76,-178.4 -76,-178 -76,-177.6 -76,-177.2 -76,-176.8 -76,-176.4 -76,-176 -76,-176 -76.2,-176 -76.4,-176 -76.6,-176 -76.8,-176 -77,-176 -77.2,-176 -77.4,-176 -77.6,-176 -77.8,-176 -78,-176.4 -78,-176.8 -78,-177.2 -78,-177.6 -78,-178 -78,-178.4 -78,-178.8 -78,-179.2 -78,-179.6 -78,180 -78,178.5 -78,177 -78,175.5 -78,174 -78,172.5 -78,171 -78,169.5 -78,168 -78,166.5 -78,165 -78,165 -77.8,165 -77.6,165 -77.4,165 -77.2,165 -77,165 -76.8,165 -76.6,165 -76.4,165 -76.2,165 -76,166.5 -76,168 -76,169.5 -76,171 -76,172.5 -76,174 -76,175.5 -76,177 -76,178.5 -76,-180 -76))"], "date_created": "Thu, 25 Jun 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This data set was acquired with a Niskin Bottle Fluid Sampler during Nathaniel B. Palmer expedition NBP0601A conducted in 2006 (Chief Scientist: Dr. Walker Smith). The data files are in XLS format and include Fluid Chemistry data that has not been processed. The data was acquired as part of the project called Interannual Variability in the Antarctic - Ross Sea (IVARS): Nutrients.", "east": -176.0, "geometry": ["POINT(174.5 -77)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Chemistry:fluid; Chemistry:Fluid; Fluid Chemistry Data; Mooring; NBP0601A; Oceans; Ross Sea; R/v Nathaniel B. Palmer; Seawater Measurements; Southern Ocean", "locations": "Antarctica; Southern Ocean; Ross Sea; Antarctica", "north": -76.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems", "persons": "Asper, Vernon; Smith, Walker", "project_titles": "Interannual Variability in the Antarctic-Ross Sea (IVARS): Nutrients and Seasonal Production", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000803", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Interannual Variability in the Antarctic-Ross Sea (IVARS): Nutrients and Seasonal Production"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -78.0, "title": "Processed Fluid Chemistry Data from the Ross Sea acquired during the Nathaniel B. Palmer expedition NBP0601A", "uid": "601341", "west": 165.0}, {"awards": "0087401 Smith, Walker", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-179.999 -77,-179.1991 -77,-178.3992 -77,-177.5993 -77,-176.7994 -77,-175.9995 -77,-175.1996 -77,-174.3997 -77,-173.5998 -77,-172.7999 -77,-172 -77,-172 -77.07,-172 -77.14,-172 -77.21,-172 -77.28,-172 -77.35,-172 -77.42,-172 -77.49,-172 -77.56,-172 -77.63,-172 -77.7,-172.7999 -77.7,-173.5998 -77.7,-174.3997 -77.7,-175.1996 -77.7,-175.9995 -77.7,-176.7994 -77.7,-177.5993 -77.7,-178.3992 -77.7,-179.1991 -77.7,-179.999 -77.7,-179.999 -77.63,-179.999 -77.56,-179.999 -77.49,-179.999 -77.42,-179.999 -77.35,-179.999 -77.28,-179.999 -77.21,-179.999 -77.14,-179.999 -77.07,-179.999 -77))"], "date_created": "Thu, 25 Jun 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This data set was acquired with a InterOcean S4 Current Meter deployed on moorings in the Ross Sea from December 2005 through February 2006. Moorings were were retrieved during Nathaniel B. Palmer expedition NBP0601A conducted in 2006 (Chief Scientist: Dr. Walker Smith; Investigator(s): Dr. Vernon Asper). These data files are of Text File (ASCII) format and include Current Measurement data that have not been processed. Data were acquired as part of the project(s): Interannual variability in the Antarctic - Ross Sea (IVARS): Nutrients", "east": -172.0, "geometry": ["POINT(-175.9995 -77.35)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Current Meter; Mooring; NBP0601A; Oceans; Physical Oceanography; Ross Sea; Southern Ocean", "locations": "Antarctica; Southern Ocean; Ross Sea; Antarctica", "north": -77.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems", "persons": "Asper, Vernon; Smith, Walker", "project_titles": "Interannual Variability in the Antarctic-Ross Sea (IVARS): Nutrients and Seasonal Production", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000803", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Interannual Variability in the Antarctic-Ross Sea (IVARS): Nutrients and Seasonal Production"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -77.7, "title": "Current Meter Data from the Ross Sea acquired with a Mooring deployed in December 2005 and recovered during the Nathaniel B. Palmer expedition NBP0601A (2006)", "uid": "601339", "west": -179.999}, {"awards": "0087401 Smith, Walker", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-179.999 -77,-179.1991 -77,-178.3992 -77,-177.5993 -77,-176.7994 -77,-175.9995 -77,-175.1996 -77,-174.3997 -77,-173.5998 -77,-172.7999 -77,-172 -77,-172 -77.07,-172 -77.14,-172 -77.21,-172 -77.28,-172 -77.35,-172 -77.42,-172 -77.49,-172 -77.56,-172 -77.63,-172 -77.7,-172.7999 -77.7,-173.5998 -77.7,-174.3997 -77.7,-175.1996 -77.7,-175.9995 -77.7,-176.7994 -77.7,-177.5993 -77.7,-178.3992 -77.7,-179.1991 -77.7,-179.999 -77.7,-179.999 -77.63,-179.999 -77.56,-179.999 -77.49,-179.999 -77.42,-179.999 -77.35,-179.999 -77.28,-179.999 -77.21,-179.999 -77.14,-179.999 -77.07,-179.999 -77))"], "date_created": "Wed, 17 Jun 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This data set was acquired with a Turner Designs 10-AU-005 Fluorometer and WET Labs FLSB Fluorometer on moorings deployed in the Ross Sea in December 2005. Moorings were retrieved during Nathaniel B. Palmer expedition NBP0601A conducted in 2006 (Chief Scientist: Dr. Walker Smith; Investigator(s): Dr. Vernon Asper). These data files are of ASCII format and include Fluorescence data. Data were acquired as part of the project(s): Interannual variability in the Antarctic - Ross Sea (IVARS): Nutrients, and funding was provided by NSF grant(s): ANT00-87401.", "east": -172.0, "geometry": ["POINT(-175.9995 -77.35)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Flourometer; Mooring; NBP0601A; Ross Sea; Southern Ocean", "locations": "Antarctica; Southern Ocean; Ross Sea", "north": -77.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems", "persons": "Asper, Vernon; Smith, Walker", "project_titles": "Interannual Variability in the Antarctic-Ross Sea (IVARS): Nutrients and Seasonal Production", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000803", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Interannual Variability in the Antarctic-Ross Sea (IVARS): Nutrients and Seasonal Production"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -77.7, "title": "Fluorometer Data acquired on Moorings deployed the Ross Sea and recovered during the Nathaniel B. Palmer expedition NBP0601A (2006)", "uid": "601333", "west": -179.999}, {"awards": "1341432 Brzezinski, Mark; 1341464 Robinson, Rebecca", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-175 -54,-174 -54,-173 -54,-172 -54,-171 -54,-170 -54,-169 -54,-168 -54,-167 -54,-166 -54,-165 -54,-165 -55.3,-165 -56.6,-165 -57.9,-165 -59.2,-165 -60.5,-165 -61.8,-165 -63.1,-165 -64.4,-165 -65.7,-165 -67,-166 -67,-167 -67,-168 -67,-169 -67,-170 -67,-171 -67,-172 -67,-173 -67,-174 -67,-175 -67,-175 -65.7,-175 -64.4,-175 -63.1,-175 -61.8,-175 -60.5,-175 -59.2,-175 -57.9,-175 -56.6,-175 -55.3,-175 -54))"], "date_created": "Tue, 31 Mar 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This dataset contains the water column profiles of dissolved nutrients, NO3, PO4, dissolved Si, biogenic Si, lithogenic Si, chlorophyll and phaeophytin concentrations, and the d15NO3.", "east": -165.0, "geometry": ["POINT(-170 -60.5)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Chlorophyll; Southern Ocean", "locations": "Southern Ocean; Antarctica", "north": -54.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Earth Sciences", "persons": "Robinson, Rebecca; Brzezinski, Mark", "project_titles": "Collaborative Proposal: A Field and Laboratory Examination of the Diatom N and Si Isotope Proxies: Implications for Assessing the Southern Ocean Biological Pump", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010083", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Proposal: A Field and Laboratory Examination of the Diatom N and Si Isotope Proxies: Implications for Assessing the Southern Ocean Biological Pump"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -67.0, "title": "Dissolved nutrient profiles from along 170\u00b0W between 67 and 54\u00b0S", "uid": "601269", "west": -175.0}, {"awards": "1144176 Lyons, W. Berry", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((162.250099 -77.719928,162.2519358 -77.719928,162.2537726 -77.719928,162.2556094 -77.719928,162.2574462 -77.719928,162.259283 -77.719928,162.2611198 -77.719928,162.2629566 -77.719928,162.2647934 -77.719928,162.2666302 -77.719928,162.268467 -77.719928,162.268467 -77.7201251,162.268467 -77.7203222,162.268467 -77.7205193,162.268467 -77.7207164,162.268467 -77.7209135,162.268467 -77.7211106,162.268467 -77.7213077,162.268467 -77.7215048,162.268467 -77.7217019,162.268467 -77.721899,162.2666302 -77.721899,162.2647934 -77.721899,162.2629566 -77.721899,162.2611198 -77.721899,162.259283 -77.721899,162.2574462 -77.721899,162.2556094 -77.721899,162.2537726 -77.721899,162.2519358 -77.721899,162.250099 -77.721899,162.250099 -77.7217019,162.250099 -77.7215048,162.250099 -77.7213077,162.250099 -77.7211106,162.250099 -77.7209135,162.250099 -77.7207164,162.250099 -77.7205193,162.250099 -77.7203222,162.250099 -77.7201251,162.250099 -77.719928))"], "date_created": "Tue, 07 May 2019 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Blood Falls is a hypersaline, iron\u2010rich discharge at the terminus of the Taylor Glacier in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. In November 2014, brine in a conduit within the glacier was penetrated and sampled using clean\u2010entry techniques and a thermoelectric melting probe called the IceMole. We analyzed the englacial brine sample for filterable iron (fFe), total Fe, major cations and anions, nutrients, organic carbon, and perchlorate. In addition, aliquots were analyzed for minor and trace elements and isotopes including \u03b4D and \u03b418O of water, \u03b434S and \u03b418O of sulfate, 234U, 238U, \u03b411B, 87Sr/86Sr, and \u03b481Br. These measurements were made in order to (1) determine the source and geochemical evolution of the brine and (2) compare the chemistry of the brine to that of nearby hypersaline lake waters and previous supraglacially sampled collections of Blood Falls outflow that were interpreted as end\u2010member brines.", "east": 162.268467, "geometry": ["POINT(162.259283 -77.7209135)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Chemistry:ice; Chemistry:Ice; Geochemistry; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Subglacial Brine", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -77.719928, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Integrated System Science", "persons": "Lyons, W. Berry; Gardner, Christopher B.", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: MIDGE: Minimally Invasive Direct Glacial Exploration of Biogeochemistry, Hydrology and Glaciology of Blood Falls, McMurdo Dry Valleys", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000002", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: MIDGE: Minimally Invasive Direct Glacial Exploration of Biogeochemistry, Hydrology and Glaciology of Blood Falls, McMurdo Dry Valleys"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -77.721899, "title": "The Geochemistry of englacial brine from Taylor Glacier, Antarctica.", "uid": "601179", "west": 162.250099}, {"awards": "1141993 Rich, Jeremy", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(-64.05 -64.77)"], "date_created": "Mon, 12 Jun 2017 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "From winter to late summer during the 2013-2014 season at Palmer Station, Antarctica, we collected weekly to bi-weekly samples of the seawater intake to measure changes in bacterial community composition, based on sequencing 16S rRNA genes. Along with the sequences, we collected data on environmental parameters in the samples (chlorophyll a, bacterial production, salinity, nutrients, bacterial cell numbers, and particulate organic carbon and nitrogen).", "east": -64.05, "geometry": ["POINT(-64.05 -64.77)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Antarctic Peninsula; Bacteria; Biota; Genetic; Geochemistry; Palmer Station; Sample/collection Description; Sample/Collection Description; Sea Water; Southern Ocean", "locations": "Antarctic Peninsula; Palmer Station; Antarctica; Southern Ocean", "north": -64.77, "nsf_funding_programs": null, "persons": "Rich, Jeremy", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Microbial Community Assembly in Coastal Waters of the Western Antarctic Peninsula", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000409", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Microbial Community Assembly in Coastal Waters of the Western Antarctic Peninsula"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -64.77, "title": "Seasonal Succession of Bacterial Communities in Coastal Waters of the Western Antarctic Peninsula", "uid": "601032", "west": -64.05}, {"awards": "0839107 Powell, Ross", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-163.7 -84,-163.68 -84,-163.66 -84,-163.64 -84,-163.62 -84,-163.6 -84,-163.58 -84,-163.56 -84,-163.54 -84,-163.52 -84,-163.5 -84,-163.5 -84.05,-163.5 -84.1,-163.5 -84.15,-163.5 -84.2,-163.5 -84.25,-163.5 -84.3,-163.5 -84.35,-163.5 -84.4,-163.5 -84.45,-163.5 -84.5,-163.52 -84.5,-163.54 -84.5,-163.56 -84.5,-163.58 -84.5,-163.6 -84.5,-163.62 -84.5,-163.64 -84.5,-163.66 -84.5,-163.68 -84.5,-163.7 -84.5,-163.7 -84.45,-163.7 -84.4,-163.7 -84.35,-163.7 -84.3,-163.7 -84.25,-163.7 -84.2,-163.7 -84.15,-163.7 -84.1,-163.7 -84.05,-163.7 -84))"], "date_created": "Fri, 01 Jan 2016 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The RAGES project (Robotic Access to Grounding zones for Exploration and Science) is one of three research components of the WISSARD (Whillans Ice Stream Subglacial Access Research Drilling) integrative initiative that is being funded by the Antarctic Integrated System Science Program of NSF\u0027s Office of Polar Programs, Antarctic Division. The overarching scientific objective of WISSARD is to assess the role of water beneath a West Antarctic ice stream in interlinked glaciological, geological, microbiological, geochemical, and oceanographic systems. The RAGES component of WISSARD concentrates on the stability of ice stream grounding zones (GZ), the area where the ice, ocean waters and glacial and sea floor sediment interact. Based on our present limited data and modeling efforts, GZs can be perturbed by (i) internal ice stream dynamics, (ii) filling/draining cycles of subglacial lakes, (iii) increased melting by warming ocean waters, and/or (iv) rates of subglacial sediment (till) supply to the GZ. GZs are seen as high priority targets to investigate due to their unknown contributions to ice sheet stability under future global warming scenarios. The three main science goals for RAGES are to assess: (a) West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) stability relative to the magnitudes of the four main variables listed above; (b) the degree to which grounding-zone sedimentary systems house important records of past WAIS dynamics; and (c) the importance of microbial activity and subglacial geochemical weathering in supplying nutrients to the WAIS grounding zone, the Ross Ice Shelf (RIS) cavity, and the highly productive Southern Ocean that may ultimately influence global biogeochemical cycles. The RAGES field sampling plan integrates surface geophysical surveys with borehole and subglacial sampling and measurements. The boreholes provide: (1) samples of subglacial water, sediments, and basal ice for biological, geochemical, glaciological, sedimentological, and micropaleontological analyses; (2) measures of subglacial and sub-ice-shelf cavity physical and chemical conditions and their spatial variability; and (3) data on sediment types, state and change of the subglacial water discharge, oceanography, and basal ice at the grounding line and within the nearby sub-ice-shelf cavity. Unique tools to be deployed include a multisensor Sub-Ice ROVer (Remotely Operated Vehicle) and long-term, sub-ice oceanographic moorings.\nThe latest report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change recognized that the greatest uncertainties in assessing future global sea-level change stem from a poor understanding of ice sheet dynamics and ice sheet vulnerability to oceanic and atmospheric warming. Disintegration of the WAIS (West Antarctic Ice Sheet) alone would contribute 3-5 m to global sea-level rise, making WAIS a focus of scientific concern due to its potential susceptibility to internal or ocean-driven instability. The overall WISSARD project will test the overarching hypothesis that active water drainage connects various subglacial environments and exerts major control on ice sheet flow, geochemistry, metabolic and phylogenetic diversity, and biogeochemical transformations.\nSocietal Relevance: Global warming, melting of ice sheets and consequential sea-level rise are of high societal relevance. Science Resource Development: After a 9-year hiatus WISSARD will provide the US-science community with a renewed capability to access and study sub-ice sheet environments. Developing this technological infrastructure will benefit the broader science community and assets will be accessible for future use through the NSF-OPP drilling contractor. The RAGES project represents a significant advance in polar technology by incorporating the use of complex new instrumentation like the Sub-Ice ROVer and subglacial ocean/lake mooring systems. Furthermore, these projects will pioneer an approach implementing recommendations from the National Research Council committee on Principles of Environmental Stewardship for the Exploration and Study of Subglacial Environments (2007). Education and Outreach (E/O): These activities are grouped into four categories: i) increasing student participation in polar research by fully integrating them in our research programs; ii) introducing new investigators to the polar sciences by incorporating promising young investigators in our programs, iii) promotion of K-12 teaching and learning programs by incorporating various teachers and NSTA programs, and iv) reaching a larger public audience through such venues as popular science magazines, museum based activities and videography and documentary films. In summary, WISSARD will promote scientific exploration of Antarctica by conveying to the public the excitement of accessing and studying what may be some of the last unexplored aquatic environments on Earth, and which represent a potential analogue for extraterrestrial life habitats on Europa and Mars.", "east": -163.5, "geometry": ["POINT(-163.6 -84.25)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciology; Oceans; Southern Ocean; WISSARD", "locations": "Southern Ocean; Antarctica", "north": -84.0, "nsf_funding_programs": null, "persons": "Powell, Ross", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Integrative Study of Marine Ice Sheet Stability \u0026 Subglacial Life Habitats in W Antarctica - Lake \u0026 Ice Stream Subglacial Access Research Drilling (LISSARD)", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000105", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Integrative Study of Marine Ice Sheet Stability \u0026 Subglacial Life Habitats in W Antarctica - Lake \u0026 Ice Stream Subglacial Access Research Drilling (LISSARD)"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -84.5, "title": "Integrative Study of Marine Ice Sheet Stability and Subglacial Life Habitats - Robotic Access to Grounding-zones for Exploration and Science (RAGES)", "uid": "600155", "west": -163.7}, {"awards": "0440478 Tang, Kam", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(166.66267 -77.85067)"], "date_created": "Thu, 01 Jan 2009 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Phaeocystis Antarctica is a widely distributed phytoplankton that forms dense blooms and aggregates in the Southern Ocean. This phytoplankton and plays important roles in polar ecology and biogeochemistry, in part because it is a dominant primary producer, a main component of organic matter vertical fluxes, and the principal producer of volatile organic sulfur in the region. Yet P. Antarctica is also one of the lesser known species in terms of its physiology, life history and trophic relationships with other organisms; furthermore, information collected on other Phaeocystis species and from different locations may not be applicable to P. Antarctica in the Ross Sea. P. Antarctica occurs mainly as two morphotypes: solitary cells and mucilaginous colonies, which differ significantly in size, architecture and chemical composition. Relative dominance between solitary cells and colonies determines not only the size spectrum of the population, but also its carbon dynamics, nutrient uptake and utilization. Conventional thinking of the planktonic trophic processes is also challenged by the fact that colony formation could effectively alter the predator-prey interactions and interspecific competition. However, the factors that regulate the differences between solitary and colonial forms of P. Antarctica are not well-understood. \n\nThe research objective of this proposal is therefore to address these over-arching questions: \n1. Do P. Antarctica solitary cells and colonies differ in growth, composition and photosynthetic rates? 2. How do nutrients and grazers affect colony development and size distribution of P. Antarctica? \n3. How do nutrients and grazers act synergistically to affect the long-term population dynamics of P. Antarctica? \n\nExperiments will be conducted in the McMurdo station with natural P. Antarctica assemblages and co-occurring grazers. Laboratory experiments will be conducted to study size-specific growth and photosynthetic rates of P. Antarctica, size-specific grazing mortality due to microzooplankton and mesozooplankton, the effects of macronutrients on the (nitrogen compounds) relative dominance of solitary cells and colonies, and the effects of micronutrient (Fe) and grazing related chemical signals on P. Antarctica colony development. Because this species is of critical importance in the Southern Ocean, and because this research will provide critical information on factors that regulate the role of P.Antarctica in food webs and biogeochemical cycles, a major gap in knowledge will be addressed. This project will train two marine science Ph.D. students. The investigators will also collaborate with the School of Education and a marine science museum to communicate polar science to a broader audience.", "east": 166.66267, "geometry": ["POINT(166.66267 -77.85067)"], "keywords": "Biota; Mcmurdo Sound; Oceans; Phytoplankton; Ross Sea; Southern Ocean; Zooplankton", "locations": "Mcmurdo Sound; Ross Sea; Southern Ocean", "north": -77.85067, "nsf_funding_programs": null, "persons": "Smith, Walker; Tang, Kam", "project_titles": "Environmental and Ecological Regulation of Differences and Interactions between Solitary and Colonial forms of Phaeocystis antarctica", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000214", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Environmental and Ecological Regulation of Differences and Interactions between Solitary and Colonial forms of Phaeocystis antarctica"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -77.85067, "title": "Environmental and Ecological Regulation of Differences and Interactions between Solitary and Colonial Forms of Phaeocystis Antarctica", "uid": "600043", "west": 166.66267}]

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