USAP-DC

{"dp_type": "Project", "free_text": "Taylor Glacier"}

[{"awards": "1903681 Brook, Edward J.", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60))", "dataset_titles": "Final N2O isotopic data including isotopomer ratios for the last deglaciation and Heinrich Stadia 4/Dansgaard Oeschger Event 8; Preliminary nitrous oxide site preference isotopic data for last deglaciation from Taylor Glacier", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "601803", "doi": "10.15784/601803", "keywords": "Antarctica; Cryosphere; Ice Core; Nitrous Oxide; Taylor Glacier", "people": "Menking, Andy; Brook, Edward J.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Final N2O isotopic data including isotopomer ratios for the last deglaciation and Heinrich Stadia 4/Dansgaard Oeschger Event 8", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601803"}, {"dataset_uid": "601592", "doi": "10.15784/601592", "keywords": "Antarctica; Nitrous Oxide; Taylor Glacier", "people": "Brook, Edward J.; Menking, Andy", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Preliminary nitrous oxide site preference isotopic data for last deglaciation from Taylor Glacier", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601592"}], "date_created": "Wed, 19 Jun 2024 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The objective of this project was to understand why the nitrous oxide (N2O) content of the atmosphere was lower during the last ice age (about 20,000-100,000 years ago) than in the subsequent warm period (10,000 years ago to present) and why it fluctuated during climate changes within the ice age. Nitrous oxide is a greenhouse gas that contributes to modern global warming. It is thought that modern warming will in turn cause increases in natural sources of nitrous oxide from bacteria in soils and the ocean, creating a \"positive feedback.\" However, the amount these sources will increase is uncertain because the different ways that nitrous oxide are produced, and how sensitive they are to warmer climate, are not well known. This project measured a unique property of the nitrous oxide molecule in very large ancient air samples from a glacier in Antarctica. This method can distinguish between different microbial processes that produce nitrous oxide but it has not been applied yet to the time periods in question. The data provide information about how natural climate changes affect nitrous oxide production. This project developed two records of the intramolecular site preference of Nitrogen-15 in N2O. One record spans the last deglaciation (10,000-21,000 years ago) when atmospheric N2O concentration rose by 30 percent, and the other record spans millennial-scale climate changes during the last ice age when N2O varied by smaller amounts (Heinrich Stadial 4 and Dansgaard Oeschger 8, 35,000-41,000 years ago). The records will be used to understand what changes in the nitrogen cycle caused atmospheric N2O concentration to vary and what mechanisms link the N2O emissions to climate change. This work also allowed exploration of an isotopic tracer for in situ production of N2O that contaminates the atmospheric signal in particularly dusty ice. ", "east": 180.0, "geometry": "POINT(0 -89.999)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "Taylor Glacier; Nitrous Oxide; TRACE GASES/TRACE SPECIES; Ice Core; Stable Isotopes; NITROUS OXIDE", "locations": "Taylor Glacier", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Earth Sciences", "paleo_time": "PHANEROZOIC \u003e CENOZOIC \u003e QUATERNARY", "persons": "Brook, Edward", "platforms": null, "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "Deciphering Changes in Atmospheric Nitrous Oxide Concentration During the Last Ice Age Using the Intramolecular Site-Preference of Nitrogen Isotopes", "uid": "p0010465", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "2037963 Smith, Heidi", "bounds_geometry": null, "dataset_titles": null, "datasets": null, "date_created": "Tue, 11 Oct 2022 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Glacial ice cores serve as a museum back in time, providing detailed records of past climatic conditions. In addition to chronological records such as temperature, chemistry and gas composition, ice provides a unique environment for preserving microbes and other biological materials through time. These microbes provide invaluable insight into the physiological capabilities necessary for survival in the Earths cryosphere and other icy planetary bodies, yet little is known about them. This award supports fundamental research into the activity of microbes in ice, and directly supports major research priorities regarding Antarctic biota identified in the 2015 National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine report, A Strategic Vision for NSF Investments in Antarctic and Southern Ocean Research. The broader impacts of this work are that it will be relevant to researchers across paleoclimate and biological fields. It will support two early career researchers, a graduate and an undergraduate student who will conduct laboratory analyses, participate in outreach activities, publish papers in scientific journals and present at conferences. \r\n\r\nThis work will use previously collected ice cores to investigate englacial microbial activity from the Holocene back to the Last Glacial Maximum from the blue ice area of Taylor Glacier, Antarctica. The proposal identified making significant contributions to 1) investing how Antarctic organisms evolve and adapt to changing environment, 2) understanding how microbes alter the preservation of paleorecord-relevant gas and trace element information in ice cores, and 3) identifying microbial life in cores and their activity in relation to dust depositional events. Two recently developed complementary techniques (bio-orthogonal noncanonical amino acid tagging and deuterium isotope probing) in combination with Raman Confocal Microspectroscopy will be used to assess and quantify microbial activity in ice. During phase one of the project, these methods will be optimized using deaccessioned ice cores available at the National Science Foundations Ice Core Facility. In phase two, ice cores in a time series from the Taylor Glacier will be analyzed for geochemistry and microbial activity. Research results will provide a comprehensive view of englacial microbial communities, including their metabolic diversity and activity, and the effect of geochemical parameters on microbial assemblages from different climate periods. Given the dearth of information available on englacial microbial communities, the results of this research will be of particular significance.\r\n\r\nThis award reflects NSF\u0027s statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation\u0027s intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.", "east": null, "geometry": null, "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "Microbial Activity; LABORATORY; Paleoclimate; CAMP; Taylor Glacier; Microbiology; Alaska; ICE CORE RECORDS", "locations": "CAMP; Alaska; Taylor Glacier", "north": null, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Integrated System Science", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Smith, Heidi; Foreman, Christine; Dieser, Markus", "platforms": "OTHER \u003e PHYSICAL MODELS \u003e LABORATORY", "repositories": null, "science_programs": null, "south": null, "title": "Life in Ice: Probing Microbial Englacial Activity through Time", "uid": "p0010385", "west": null}, {"awards": "2035580 Aarons, Sarah; 2035637 Tabor, Clay", "bounds_geometry": null, "dataset_titles": "Concentration and flux of ice core dust from ALHIC1903 drilled at the Allan Hills Blue Ice Area; Oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions and associated d-excess of ice from ALHIC1903 drilled at the Allan Hills Blue Ice Area.; Rare earth elemental concentrations of leached ice core dust from ALHIC1903 drilled at the Allan Hills Blue Ice Area.; Strontium and neodymium isotope compositions of ice core dust from ALHIC1903 drilled at the Allan Hills Blue Ice Area.", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "601822", "doi": "10.15784/601822", "keywords": "ALHIC1903; Allan Hills; Antarctica; Cryosphere; Deuterium; Hydrogen; Ice; Ice Core Data; Isotope; Oxygen; Water", "people": "Carter, Austin", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "Allan Hills", "title": "Oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions and associated d-excess of ice from ALHIC1903 drilled at the Allan Hills Blue Ice Area.", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601822"}, {"dataset_uid": "601825", "doi": "10.15784/601825", "keywords": "Accumulation Rate; ALHIC1903; Allan Hills; Antarctica; Blue Ice; Concentration; Cryosphere; Dust; Flux", "people": "Carter, Austin", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Concentration and flux of ice core dust from ALHIC1903 drilled at the Allan Hills Blue Ice Area", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601825"}, {"dataset_uid": "601821", "doi": "10.15784/601821", "keywords": "ALHIC1903; Allan Hills; Antarctica; Blue Ice; Cryosphere; Dust; Leach; Rare Earth Element", "people": "Carter, Austin", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "Allan Hills", "title": "Rare earth elemental concentrations of leached ice core dust from ALHIC1903 drilled at the Allan Hills Blue Ice Area.", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601821"}, {"dataset_uid": "601820", "doi": "10.15784/601820", "keywords": "ALHIC1903; Allan Hills; Antarctica; Cryosphere; Dust; Ice Core Data; Isotope; Nd; Neodymium; Sr; Strontium", "people": "Carter, Austin", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Strontium and neodymium isotope compositions of ice core dust from ALHIC1903 drilled at the Allan Hills Blue Ice Area.", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601820"}], "date_created": "Wed, 06 Oct 2021 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The spatial extent of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet during the last interglacial period (129,000 to 116,000 years ago) is currently unknown, yet this information is fundamental to projections of the future stability of the ice sheet in a warming climate. Paleoclimate records and proxy evidence such as dust can inform on past environmental conditions and ice-sheet coverage. This project will combine new, high-sensitivity geochemical measurements of dust from Antarctic ice collected at Allan Hills with existing water isotope records to document climate and environmental changes through the last interglacial period. These changes will then be compared with Earth-system model simulations of dust and water isotopes to determine past conditions and constrain the sensitivity of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet to warming. The project will test the hypothesis that the uncharacteristically volcanic dust composition observed at another peripheral ice core site at Taylor Glacier during the last interglacial period is related to changes in the spatial extent of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet.\r\n\r\nThis project aims to characterize mineral dust transport during the penultimate glacial-interglacial transition. The team will apply high-precision geochemical techniques to the high-volume, high-resolution ice core drilled at the Allan Hills site in combination with Earth system model simulations to: (1) determine if the volcanic dust signature found in interglacial ice from Taylor Glacier is also found at Allan Hills, (2) determine the likely dust source(s) to this site during the last interglacial, and (3) probe the atmospheric and environmental changes during the last interglacial with a diminished West Antarctic Ice Sheet. The team will develop a suite of measurements on previously drilled ice from Allan Hills, including isotopic compositions of Strontium and Neodymium, trace element concentrations, dust-size distribution, and imaging of ice-core dust to confirm the original signal observed and provide a broader spatial reconstruction of dust transport. In tandem, the team will conduct Earth system modeling with prognostic dust and water-isotope capability to test the sensitivity of dust transport under several plausible ice-sheet and freshwater-flux configurations. By comparing dust reconstruction and model simulations, the team aims to elucidate the driving mechanisms behind dust transport during the last interglacial period.", "east": null, "geometry": null, "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "MICROPARTICLE CONCENTRATION; FIELD SURVEYS; GEOCHEMISTRY; ICE EXTENT; Amd/Us; USA/NSF; PALEOCLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS; AMD; Allan Hills; ICE CORE RECORDS; USAP-DC", "locations": "Allan Hills", "north": null, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Aarons, Sarah; Tabor, Clay", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD SURVEYS", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": null, "title": "Collaborative Research: Peripheral East Antarctic ice as a unique recorder of climate variability during the Last Interglacial", "uid": "p0010270", "west": null}, {"awards": "1644171 Blackburn, Terrence", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((162 -77.5,162.2 -77.5,162.4 -77.5,162.6 -77.5,162.8 -77.5,163 -77.5,163.2 -77.5,163.4 -77.5,163.6 -77.5,163.8 -77.5,164 -77.5,164 -77.525,164 -77.55,164 -77.575,164 -77.6,164 -77.625,164 -77.65,164 -77.675,164 -77.7,164 -77.725,164 -77.75,163.8 -77.75,163.6 -77.75,163.4 -77.75,163.2 -77.75,163 -77.75,162.8 -77.75,162.6 -77.75,162.4 -77.75,162.2 -77.75,162 -77.75,162 -77.725,162 -77.7,162 -77.675,162 -77.65,162 -77.625,162 -77.6,162 -77.575,162 -77.55,162 -77.525,162 -77.5))", "dataset_titles": "Isotopic ratios for subglacial precipitates from East Antarctica; U-Th isotopes and major elements in sediments from Taylor Valley, Antarctica", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "200240", "doi": "10.26022/IEDA/111548 ", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "EarthChem", "science_program": null, "title": "Isotopic ratios for subglacial precipitates from East Antarctica", "url": "https://doi.org/10.26022/IEDA/111548"}, {"dataset_uid": "601806", "doi": "10.15784/601806", "keywords": "Antarctica; Cryosphere; Erosion; Isotope Data; Major Elements; Soil; Taylor Glacier; Taylor Valley", "people": "Edwards, Graham; Piccione, Gavin; Blackburn, Terrence; Tulaczyk, Slawek", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "U-Th isotopes and major elements in sediments from Taylor Valley, Antarctica", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601806"}], "date_created": "Fri, 13 Aug 2021 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The primary scientific goal of the proposed project is to test whether Taylor Valley, Antarctica has experienced glacial incision in the last ~1 million years in spite of cold climate conditions. One of the Dry Valleys of the Transantarctic Mountains, Taylor Valley exhibits over 2000 m of relief from sub sea-level troughs to high polar peaks. The Dry Valleys are characterized by low mean annual temperatures, paucity of precipitation and erosion that has allowed fragile glacial landforms, now subaerially exposed at high elevations, to be preserved for as long as 15 Ma. Two end member models can explain the timing of glacial incision and the observation that Quaternary advances of Taylor Glacier have left deposits at lower valley elevations with each advance. In the first scenario, all Valley relief is generated prior to 15 Ma when non-polar climates enabled warm-based glaciers to incise and widen fluvial channels more so than peaks. In this case, Quaternary drift deposits record advances of cold-based glaciers of decreasing ice volume. Limited glacial erosion and silt generation results in drift deposits composed primarily of recycled sediments. In the second scenario, selective erosion of the valley floor continues to deepen Taylor Valley over the last 2 Ma while high elevation peaks remain uneroded in polar conditions. The \u2018bathtub rings\u2019 of Quaternary drifts reaching a progressively lower elevation through time could be due to the lowering of the valley floor by subglacial erosion and with it, production of silt which is now incorporated into these drifts. While either scenario would result in the present day topography, they differ in the implied evolution of regional glacial ice volume over time and the timing of both valley relief production and generation of fine-grained particles. Here we propose to distinguish between these two models, by placing time constrains on fine particle production using U-series comminution dating. This new geochronologic tool exploits the loss of 234U due to alpha-recoil. The deficiency in 234U only becomes detectable in particles with a sufficiently high surface-area-to-volume ratio which can incur appreciable 234U loss (\u003c50 \uf0ecm). The timing of comminution and particle size controls the magnitude of 234U loss, up to 10% in silt-sized particles comminuted over 1.5 million years ago. And while this geochronologic tool is in its infancy, the scientific goal of this proposal can be achieved by resolving between ancient and recently comminuted fine particles, a binary question that our preliminary modeling and measured data show is readily resolved.", "east": 164.0, "geometry": "POINT(163 -77.625)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "ICE SHEETS; Taylor Valley", "locations": "Taylor Valley", "north": -77.5, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Earth Sciences", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Blackburn, Terrence; Tulaczyk, Slawek", "platforms": null, "repo": "EarthChem", "repositories": "EarthChem; USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -77.75, "title": "U-Series Comminution Age Constraints on Taylor Valley Erosion", "uid": "p0010243", "west": 162.0}, {"awards": "2042495 Blackburn, Terrence; 2045611 Rasbury, Emma", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60))", "dataset_titles": "Subglacial precipitates record Antarctic ice sheet response to Southern Ocean warming ; U-series Geochronology, Isotope, and Elemental Geochemistry of a Subglacial Precipitate that Formed Across Termination III; U-Th isotopes and major elements in sediments from Taylor Valley, Antarctica", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "601806", "doi": "10.15784/601806", "keywords": "Antarctica; Cryosphere; Erosion; Isotope Data; Major Elements; Soil; Taylor Glacier; Taylor Valley", "people": "Edwards, Graham; Piccione, Gavin; Blackburn, Terrence; Tulaczyk, Slawek", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "U-Th isotopes and major elements in sediments from Taylor Valley, Antarctica", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601806"}, {"dataset_uid": "601781", "doi": "10.15784/601781", "keywords": "Antarctica; Carbon; Carbon Isotopes; Cryosphere; East Antarctica; Elephant Moraine; Geochronology; Isotope Data; Opal; Oxygen Isotope; Sr; Subglacial; U", "people": "Piccione, Gavin", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "U-series Geochronology, Isotope, and Elemental Geochemistry of a Subglacial Precipitate that Formed Across Termination III", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601781"}, {"dataset_uid": "601849", "doi": "10.15784/601849", "keywords": "Antarctica; Cryosphere; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology", "people": "Gagliardi, Jessica", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Subglacial precipitates record Antarctic ice sheet response to Southern Ocean warming ", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601849"}], "date_created": "Fri, 18 Jun 2021 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Efforts to improve sea level forecasting on a warming planet have focused on determining the temperature, sea level and extent of polar ice sheets during Earth\u2019s past warm periods. Large uncertainties, however, in reconstructions of past and future sea levels, result from the poorly constrained climate sensitivity of the Antarctic Ice sheet (AIS). This research project aims to develop the use of subglacial precipitates as an archive the Antarctic ice sheet (AIS) past response to climate change. The subglacial precipitates from East Antarctica form in water bodies beneath Antarctic ice and in doing so provide an entirely new and unique measure of how the AIS responds to climate change. In preliminary examination of these precipitates, we identified multiple samples consisting of cyclic opal and calcite that spans hundreds of thousands of years in duration. Our preliminary geochemical characterization of these samples indicates that the observed mineralogic changes result from a cyclic change in subglacial water compositions between isotopically and chemically distinct waters. Opal-forming waters are reduced (Ce* \u003c1 and high Fe/Mn) and exhibit elevated 234U/238U compositions similar to the saline groundwater brines found at the periphery of the AIS. Calcite-forming waters, are rather, oxidized and exhibit \u03b418O compositions consistent with derivation from the depleted polar plateau (\u003c -50 \u2030). 234U-230Th dates permit construction of a robust timeseries describing these mineralogic and compositional changes through time. Comparisons of these time series with other Antarctic climate records (e.g., ice core records) reveal that calcite forming events align with millennial scale changes in local temperature or \u201cAntarctic isotopic maximums\u201d, which represent Southern Hemisphere warm periods during low Atlantic Meridional overturning circulation. Ultimately, this project seeks to develop a comprehensive model as to how changes in the thermohaline cycle induce a glaciologic response which in turn induces a change in the composition of subglacial waters and the mineralogic phase recorded within the precipitate archive. ", "east": 180.0, "geometry": "POINT(0 -89.999)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "GLACIERS/ICE SHEETS; FIELD INVESTIGATION; AMD; USA/NSF; Amd/Us; USAP-DC; East Antarctica", "locations": "East Antarctica", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Earth Sciences; Antarctic Earth Sciences", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Blackburn, Terrence; Tulaczyk, Slawek; Hain, Mathis; Rasbury, Troy", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD INVESTIGATION", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "Collaborative Research: Reconstructing East Antarctica\u2019s Past Response to Climate using Subglacial Precipitates", "uid": "p0010192", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "1341680 Sletten, Ronald", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((160 -77,160.2 -77,160.4 -77,160.6 -77,160.8 -77,161 -77,161.2 -77,161.4 -77,161.6 -77,161.8 -77,162 -77,162 -77.1,162 -77.2,162 -77.3,162 -77.4,162 -77.5,162 -77.6,162 -77.7,162 -77.8,162 -77.9,162 -78,161.8 -78,161.6 -78,161.4 -78,161.2 -78,161 -78,160.8 -78,160.6 -78,160.4 -78,160.2 -78,160 -78,160 -77.9,160 -77.8,160 -77.7,160 -77.6,160 -77.5,160 -77.4,160 -77.3,160 -77.2,160 -77.1,160 -77))", "dataset_titles": "Chemical and physical characterization of Beacon Valley and Victoria Valley permafrost cores", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "601247", "doi": "10.15784/601247", "keywords": "Aluminum-26; Antarctica; Be-10; Cosmogenic; Dry Valleys; Geochemistry; Permafrost", "people": "Sletten, Ronald S.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Chemical and physical characterization of Beacon Valley and Victoria Valley permafrost cores", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601247"}], "date_created": "Thu, 21 Nov 2019 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Intellectual Merit: This project will yield new information on the long term Antarctic climate and landscape evolution from measurements of cosmogenic nuclides in quartz sand from two unique permafrost cores collected in Beacon Valley, Antarctica. The two cores have already been drilled in ice-cemented, sand-rich permafrost at 5.5 and 30.6 meters depth, and are currently in cold storage at the University of Washington. The cores are believed to record the monotonic accumulation of sand that has been blown into lower Beacon Valley and inflated the surface over time. The rate of accumulation and any hiatus in the accumulation are believed to reflect in part the advance and retreat of the Taylor Glacier. Preliminary measurements of cosmogenically-produced beryllium (10Be) and aluminum (26Al) in quartz sand in the 5.5-meter depth core reveal that it has been accreting at a rate of 2.5 meters/Myr for the past million years. Furthermore, prior to that time, lower Beacon Valley was most likely covered (shielded from the atmosphere thereby having no or very low production of cosmogenic nuclides in quartz) by Taylor Glacier from 1 to 3.5 Myr BP. These preliminary measurements also suggest that the 30.6 meter core may provide a record of over 10 million years. The emphasis is the full characterization of the core and analysis of cosmogenic nuclides (including cosmogenic neon) in the 30.6 meter permafrost core to develop a burial history of the sands and potentially a record the waxing and waning of the Taylor Glacier. This will allow new tests of our current understanding of surface dynamics and climate history in the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV) based on the dated stratigraphy of eolian sand that has been accumulating and inflating the surface for millions of years. This is a new process of surface inflation whose extent has not been well documented, and holds the potential to develop a continuous history of surface burial and glacial expansion. This project will provide a new proxy for understanding the climatic history of the Dry Valleys and will test models for the evolution of permafrost in Beacon Valley.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eBroader impacts: \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThe landscape history of the McMurdo Dry Valleys is important because geological deposits there comprise the richest terrestrial record available from Antarctica. By testing the current age model for these deposits, we will improve understanding of Antarctica?s role in global climate change. This project will train one graduate and one undergraduate student in geochemistry, geochronology, and glacial and periglacial geology. They will participate substantively in the research and are expected to develop their own original ideas. Results from this work will be incorporated into undergraduate and graduate teaching curricula, will be published in the peer reviewed literature, and the data will be made public.", "east": 162.0, "geometry": "POINT(161 -77.5)", "instruments": "NOT APPLICABLE \u003e NOT APPLICABLE \u003e NOT APPLICABLE", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "USAP-DC; NOT APPLICABLE; BOREHOLES; Antarctica", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -77.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Instrumentation and Support; Antarctic Earth Sciences", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Sletten, Ronald S.; Stone, John", "platforms": "OTHER \u003e NOT APPLICABLE \u003e NOT APPLICABLE", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -78.0, "title": "Ancient landscape-active Surfaces: Periglacial Hyperinflation in soils of Beacon Valley, Antarctica", "uid": "p0010068", "west": 160.0}, {"awards": "1727387 Mikucki, Jill; 1144192 Tulaczyk, Slawek; 1144177 Pettit, Erin; 1144176 Lyons, W. Berry", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((161.8 -77.7,161.88 -77.7,161.96 -77.7,162.04000000000002 -77.7,162.12 -77.7,162.2 -77.7,162.28 -77.7,162.36 -77.7,162.44 -77.7,162.51999999999998 -77.7,162.6 -77.7,162.6 -77.70700000000001,162.6 -77.714,162.6 -77.721,162.6 -77.728,162.6 -77.735,162.6 -77.742,162.6 -77.749,162.6 -77.756,162.6 -77.76299999999999,162.6 -77.77,162.51999999999998 -77.77,162.44 -77.77,162.36 -77.77,162.28 -77.77,162.2 -77.77,162.12 -77.77,162.04000000000002 -77.77,161.96 -77.77,161.88 -77.77,161.8 -77.77,161.8 -77.76299999999999,161.8 -77.756,161.8 -77.749,161.8 -77.742,161.8 -77.735,161.8 -77.728,161.8 -77.721,161.8 -77.714,161.8 -77.70700000000001,161.8 -77.7))", "dataset_titles": "Ablation Stake Data from of Taylor Glacier near Blood Falls; Antarctica Support 2014/2015 - C-528 Blood Falls GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset; Blood Falls, McMurdo Dry Va. International Federation of Digital Seismograph Networks. Dataset/Seismic Network; FLIR thermal imaging data near Blood Falls, Taylor Glacier; Ground Penetrating Radar Data near Blood Falls, Taylor Glacier; Ice Temperature in Shallow Boreholes Near Blood Falls at the Terminus of Taylor Glacier, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica; NCBI short read archive -Metagenomic survey of Antarctic Groundwater; Terrestrial Radar Interferometry near Blood Falls, Taylor Glacier; The Geochemistry of englacial brine from Taylor Glacier, Antarctica; Time Lapse imagery of the Blood Falls feature, Antarctica ; Vaisala Integrated Met Station near Blood Falls, Taylor Glacier", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "200028", "doi": "10.7283/FCEN-8050", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "UNAVCO", "science_program": null, "title": "Antarctica Support 2014/2015 - C-528 Blood Falls GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset", "url": "https://www.unavco.org/data/doi/10.7283/fcen-8050"}, {"dataset_uid": "200029", "doi": "10.7914/SN/YW_2013", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "IRIS", "science_program": null, "title": "Blood Falls, McMurdo Dry Va. International Federation of Digital Seismograph Networks. Dataset/Seismic Network", "url": "http://www.fdsn.org/networks/detail/YW_2013/"}, {"dataset_uid": "601168", "doi": "10.15784/601168", "keywords": "Antarctica; Atmosphere; Basal Crevassing; Glacier Hydrology; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Meteorology; Taylor Glacier; Temperature; Weather Station Data; Wind Speed", "people": "Pettit, Erin", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Vaisala Integrated Met Station near Blood Falls, Taylor Glacier", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601168"}, {"dataset_uid": "601139", "doi": "10.15784/601139", "keywords": "Antarctica; Borehole; Borehole Logging; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Temperature; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; Temperature; Temperature Profiles", "people": "Tulaczyk, Slawek", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Ice Temperature in Shallow Boreholes Near Blood Falls at the Terminus of Taylor Glacier, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601139"}, {"dataset_uid": "601179", "doi": "10.15784/601179", "keywords": "Antarctica; Chemistry:ice; Chemistry:Ice; Geochemistry; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Subglacial Brine", "people": "Lyons, W. Berry; Gardner, Christopher B.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "The Geochemistry of englacial brine from Taylor Glacier, Antarctica", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601179"}, {"dataset_uid": "601169", "doi": "10.15784/601169", "keywords": "Antarctica; Basal Crevassing; Glacier Hydrology; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Infrared Imagery; Photo/video; Photo/Video; Taylor Glacier; Thermal Camera; Timelaps Images", "people": "Pettit, Erin", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "FLIR thermal imaging data near Blood Falls, Taylor Glacier", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601169"}, {"dataset_uid": "200074", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "NCBI GenBank", "science_program": null, "title": "NCBI short read archive -Metagenomic survey of Antarctic Groundwater", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/?term=SRR6667787"}, {"dataset_uid": "601164", "doi": "10.15784/601164", "keywords": "Antarctica; Basal Crevassing; Glacier Hydrology; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice", "people": "Pettit, Erin", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Ablation Stake Data from of Taylor Glacier near Blood Falls", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601164"}, {"dataset_uid": "601165", "doi": "10.15784/601165", "keywords": "Antarctica; Basal Crevassing; Glacier Hydrology; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; GPR; Radar; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; Taylor Glacier", "people": "Pettit, Erin", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Ground Penetrating Radar Data near Blood Falls, Taylor Glacier", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601165"}, {"dataset_uid": "601166", "doi": "10.15784/601166", "keywords": "Antarctica; Basal Crevassing; Glacier Hydrology; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; GPR; Radar; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; Taylor Glacier", "people": "Pettit, Erin", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Terrestrial Radar Interferometry near Blood Falls, Taylor Glacier", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601166"}, {"dataset_uid": "601167", "doi": "10.15784/601167", "keywords": "Antarctica; Basal Crevassing; Glacier Hydrology; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Photo; Photo/video; Photo/Video; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; Taylor Glacier; Timelaps Images", "people": "Pettit, Erin", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Time Lapse imagery of the Blood Falls feature, Antarctica ", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601167"}], "date_created": "Wed, 28 Nov 2018 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Recent discoveries of widespread liquid water and microbial ecosystems below the Antarctic ice sheets have generated considerable interest in studying Antarctic subglacial environments. Understanding subglacial hydrology, the persistence of life in extended isolation and the evolution and stability of subglacial habitats requires an integrated, interdisciplinary approach. The collaborative project, Minimally Invasive Direct Glacial Exploration (MIDGE) of the Biogeochemistry, Hydrology and Glaciology of Blood Falls, McMurdo Dry Valleys will integrate geophysical measurements, molecular microbial ecology and geochemical analyses to explore a unique Antarctic subglacial system known as Blood Falls. Blood Falls is a hypersaline, subglacial brine that supports an active microbial community. The subglacial brine is released from a crevasse at the surface of the Taylor Glacier providing an accessible portal into an Antarctic subglacial ecosystem. Recent geochemical and molecular analyses support a marine source for the salts and microorganisms in Blood Falls. The last time marine waters inundated this part of the McMurdo Dry Valleys was during the Late Tertiary, which suggests the brine is ancient. Still, no direct samples have been collected from the subglacial source to Blood Falls and little is known about the origin of this brine or the amount of time it has been sealed below Taylor Glacier. Radar profiles collected near Blood Falls delineate a possible fault in the subglacial substrate that may help explain the localized and episodic nature of brine release. However it remains unclear what triggers the episodic release of brine exclusively at the Blood Falls crevasse or the extent to which the brine is altered as it makes its way to the surface. \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThe MIDGE project aims to determine the mechanism of brine release at Blood Falls, evaluate changes in the geochemistry and the microbial community within the englacial conduit and assess if Blood Falls waters have a distinct impact on the thermal and stress state of Taylor Glacier, one of the most studied polar glaciers in Antarctica. The geophysical study of the glaciological structure and mechanism of brine release will use GPR, GPS, and a small passive seismic network. Together with international collaborators, the \u0027Ice Mole\u0027 team from FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Germany (funded by the German Aerospace Center, DLR), MIDGE will develop and deploy innovative, minimally invasive technologies for clean access and brine sample retrieval from deep within the Blood Falls drainage system. These technologies will allow for the collection of samples of the brine away from the surface (up to tens of meters) for geochemical analyses and microbial structure-function experiments. There is concern over the contamination of pristine subglacial environments from chemical and biological materials inherent in the drilling process; and MIDGE will provide data on the efficacy of thermoelectric probes for clean access and retrieval of representative subglacial samples. Antarctic subglacial environments provide an excellent opportunity for researching survivability and adaptability of microbial life and are potential terrestrial analogues for life habitats on icy planetary bodies. The MIDGE project offers a portable, versatile, clean alternative to hot water and mechanical drilling and will enable the exploration of subglacial hydrology and ecosystem function while making significant progress towards developing technologies for minimally invasive and clean sampling of icy systems.", "east": 162.6, "geometry": "POINT(162.2 -77.735)", "instruments": "NOT APPLICABLE \u003e NOT APPLICABLE \u003e NOT APPLICABLE", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "NOT APPLICABLE; BACTERIA/ARCHAEA; USAP-DC", "locations": null, "north": -77.7, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Integrated System Science; Antarctic Integrated System Science; Antarctic Instrumentation and Support; Antarctic Integrated System Science; Antarctic Integrated System Science", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Tulaczyk, Slawek; Pettit, Erin; Lyons, W. Berry; Mikucki, Jill", "platforms": "OTHER \u003e NOT APPLICABLE \u003e NOT APPLICABLE", "repo": "UNAVCO", "repositories": "IRIS; NCBI GenBank; UNAVCO; USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -77.77, "title": "Collaborative Research: MIDGE: Minimally Invasive Direct Glacial Exploration of Biogeochemistry, Hydrology and Glaciology of Blood Falls, McMurdo Dry Valleys", "uid": "p0000002", "west": 161.8}, {"awards": "0838936 Brook, Edward J.; 0839031 Severinghaus, Jeffrey", "bounds_geometry": "POINT(161.75 -77.75)", "dataset_titles": "Measurements of 14C-methane for the Younger Dryas - Preboreal Transition from Taylor Glacier, Antarctica; Measurements of in situ cosmogenic 14C from Taylor Glacier, Antarctica; Taylor Glacier chemistry data and Taylor Dome TD2015 time scale; Taylor Glacier CO2 record; Taylor Glacier Gas Isotope Data", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "601033", "doi": "10.15784/601033", "keywords": "Antarctica; Chemistry:ice; Chemistry:Ice; Geochemistry; Glaciology; Ice Core Records; Isotope; Solid Earth; Taylor Glacier; Transantarctic Mountains", "people": "Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Taylor Glacier Gas Isotope Data", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601033"}, {"dataset_uid": "601029", "doi": "10.15784/601029", "keywords": "Antarctica; Chemistry:rock; Chemistry:Rock; Critical Zone; Geochemistry; Methane; Paleoclimate; Sample/collection Description; Sample/Collection Description; Solid Earth; Taylor Glacier; Transantarctic Mountains; Younger Dryas", "people": "Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.; Petrenko, Vasilii", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Measurements of 14C-methane for the Younger Dryas - Preboreal Transition from Taylor Glacier, Antarctica", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601029"}, {"dataset_uid": "000158", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "NCEI", "science_program": null, "title": "Taylor Glacier CO2 record", "url": "ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/taylor/taylor2016d13co2.txt"}, {"dataset_uid": "601103", "doi": "10.15784/601103", "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Horizontal Ice Core; Ice Core Records; Taylor Dome; Taylor Dome Ice Core", "people": "Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Taylor Glacier chemistry data and Taylor Dome TD2015 time scale", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601103"}, {"dataset_uid": "600165", "doi": "10.15784/600165", "keywords": "Antarctica; Cosmogenic; Geochemistry; Ice Core Records; Paleoclimate; Radiocarbon; Taylor Glacier; Transantarctic Mountains", "people": "Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Measurements of in situ cosmogenic 14C from Taylor Glacier, Antarctica", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/600165"}], "date_created": "Tue, 29 Mar 2016 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Severinghaus/0839031 \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThis award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThis award supports a project to develop a precise gas-based chronology for an archive of large-volume samples of the ancient atmosphere, which would enable ultra-trace gas measurements that are currently precluded by sample size limitations of ice cores. The intellectual merit of the proposed work is that it will provide a critical test of the \"clathrate hypothesis\" that methane clathrates contributed to the two abrupt atmospheric methane concentration increases during the last deglaciation 15 and 11 kyr ago. This approach employs large volumes of ice (\u003e1 ton) to measure carbon-14 on past atmospheric methane across the abrupt events. Carbon-14 is an ideal discriminator of fossil sources of methane to the atmosphere, because most methane sources (e.g., wetlands, termites, biomass burning) are rich in carbon-14, whereas clathrates and other fossil sources are devoid of carbon-14. The proposed work is a logical extension to Taylor Glacier, Antarctica, of an approach pioneered at the margin of the Greenland ice sheet over the past 7 years. The Greenland work found higher-than-expected carbon-14 values, likely due in part to contaminants stemming from the high impurity content of Greenland ice and the interaction of the ice with sediments from the glacier bed. The data also pointed to the possibility of a previously unknown process, in-situ cosmogenic production of carbon-14 methane (radiomethane) in the ice matrix. Antarctic ice in Taylor Glacier is orders of magnitude cleaner than the ice at the Greenland site, and is much colder and less stratigraphically disturbed, offering the potential for a clear resolution of this puzzle and a definitive test of the cosmogenic radiomethane hypothesis. Even if cosmogenic radiomethane in ice is found, it still may be possible to reconstruct atmospheric radiomethane with a correction enabled by a detailed understanding of the process, which will be sought by co-measuring carbon-14 in carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. The broader impacts of the proposed work are that the clathrate test may shed light on the stability of the clathrate reservoir and its potential for climate feedbacks under human-induced warming. Development of Taylor Glacier as a \"horizontal ice core\" would provide a community resource for other researchers. Education of one postdoc, one graduate student, and one undergraduate, would add to human resources. This award has field work in Antarctica.", "east": 161.75, "geometry": "POINT(161.75 -77.75)", "instruments": "NOT APPLICABLE \u003e NOT APPLICABLE \u003e NOT APPLICABLE", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "NOT APPLICABLE; Not provided; USAP-DC", "locations": null, "north": -77.75, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": "PHANEROZOIC \u003e CENOZOIC \u003e QUATERNARY \u003e PLEISTOCENE", "persons": "Brook, Edward J.; Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.", "platforms": "Not provided; OTHER \u003e NOT APPLICABLE \u003e NOT APPLICABLE", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "NCEI; USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -77.75, "title": "Collaborative Research: A \"Horizontal Ice Core\" for Large-Volume Samples of the Past Atmosphere, Taylor Glacier, Antarctica", "uid": "p0000099", "west": 161.75}, {"awards": "1245659 Petrenko, Vasilii; 1245821 Brook, Edward J.; 1246148 Severinghaus, Jeffrey", "bounds_geometry": "POINT(162.167 -77.733)", "dataset_titles": "Gas and Dust Measurements for Taylor Glacier and Taylor Dome Ice Cores; Last Interglacial Mean Ocean Temperature; Mean Ocean Temperature in Marine Isotope Stage 4; Measurements of 14CH4 and 14CO in ice from Taylor Glacier: Last Deglaciation; N2O Concentration and Isotope Data for 74-59 ka from Taylor Glacier, Antarctica; Taylor Glacier CO2 Isotope Data 74-59 kyr; Taylor Glacier Noble Gases - Younger Dryas; The Taylor Glacier, Antarctica, Horizontal Ice Core: Exploring changes in the Natural Methane Budget in a Warming World and Expanding the Paleo-archive", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "601398", "doi": "10.15784/601398", "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Data; Ice Core Gas Records; Ice Core Records; Marine Isotope Stage 4; MIS 4; Nitrous Oxide; Pleistocene; Taylor Dome Ice Core; Taylor Glacier", "people": "Shackleton, Sarah; Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.; Petrenko, Vasilii; Menking, James; Brook, Edward J.; Schilt, Adrian; Dyonisius, Michael", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "Taylor Dome Ice Core", "title": "N2O Concentration and Isotope Data for 74-59 ka from Taylor Glacier, Antarctica", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601398"}, {"dataset_uid": "601260", "doi": "10.15784/601260", "keywords": "Antarctica; Carbon-14; Cosmogenic; Ice Core; Methane", "people": "Dyonisius, Michael; Petrenko, Vasilii", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "Taylor Dome Ice Core", "title": "Measurements of 14CH4 and 14CO in ice from Taylor Glacier: Last Deglaciation", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601260"}, {"dataset_uid": "601198", "doi": "10.15784/601198", "keywords": "Antarctica; Blue Ice; Chemistry:ice; Chemistry:Ice; CO2; Dust; Gas; Geochemistry; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core; Ice Core Records; Mass Spectrometer; Methane; Nitrogen Isotopes; Oxygen Isotope; Paleoclimate; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; Taylor Dome; Taylor Dome Ice Core", "people": "Shackleton, Sarah; Dyonisius, Michael; Petrenko, Vasilii; McConnell, Joseph; Rhodes, Rachel; Bauska, Thomas; Baggenstos, Daniel; Barker, Stephen; Brook, Edward J.; Menking, James; Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.; Marcott, Shaun", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Gas and Dust Measurements for Taylor Glacier and Taylor Dome Ice Cores", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601198"}, {"dataset_uid": "601600", "doi": "10.15784/601600", "keywords": "Antarctica; Taylor Glacier", "people": "Menking, Andy; Petrenko, Vasilii; Dyonisius, Michael; Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.; Barker, Stephen; Brook, Edward J.; Buffen, Aron; Bauska, Thomas; Shackleton, Sarah; Menking, James", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Taylor Glacier CO2 Isotope Data 74-59 kyr", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601600"}, {"dataset_uid": "601176", "doi": "10.15784/601176", "keywords": "Antarctica; CO2; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core; Ice Core Records; Methane; Noble Gas; Noble Gas Isotopes; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; Taylor Glacier; Younger Dryas", "people": "Shackleton, Sarah", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "Taylor Dome Ice Core", "title": "Taylor Glacier Noble Gases - Younger Dryas", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601176"}, {"dataset_uid": "601415", "doi": "10.15784/601415", "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciology; Ice Core Data; Ice Core Records; Paleoclimate; Paleotemperature; Taylor Glacier", "people": "Shackleton, Sarah", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Mean Ocean Temperature in Marine Isotope Stage 4", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601415"}, {"dataset_uid": "600163", "doi": "10.15784/600163", "keywords": "Antarctica; Atmosphere; Geochemistry; Ice Core Records; Isotope; Paleoclimate; Taylor Glacier; Transantarctic Mountains", "people": "Brook, Edward J.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "The Taylor Glacier, Antarctica, Horizontal Ice Core: Exploring changes in the Natural Methane Budget in a Warming World and Expanding the Paleo-archive", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/600163"}, {"dataset_uid": "601218", "doi": "10.15784/601218", "keywords": "Antarctica; Carbon-14; Carbon Dioxide; Chemistry:ice; Chemistry:Ice; CO2; Dome C Ice Core; Epica; Epica Dome C; Geochemistry; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice; Ice Core Chemistry; Ice Core Data; Ice Core Gas Records; Ice Core Records; Isotope Data; Last Interglacial; Mass Spectrometer; Mass Spectrometry; Methane; Oxygen; Oxygen Isotope; Paleotemperature; Pleistocene; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; Taylor Dome Ice Core; Taylor Glacier", "people": "Shackleton, Sarah", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "Dome C Ice Core", "title": "Last Interglacial Mean Ocean Temperature", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601218"}, {"dataset_uid": "601218", "doi": "10.15784/601218", "keywords": "Antarctica; Carbon-14; Carbon Dioxide; Chemistry:ice; Chemistry:Ice; CO2; Dome C Ice Core; Epica; Epica Dome C; Geochemistry; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice; Ice Core Chemistry; Ice Core Data; Ice Core Gas Records; Ice Core Records; Isotope Data; Last Interglacial; Mass Spectrometer; Mass Spectrometry; Methane; Oxygen; Oxygen Isotope; Paleotemperature; Pleistocene; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; Taylor Dome Ice Core; Taylor Glacier", "people": "Shackleton, Sarah", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": "Taylor Dome Ice Core", "title": "Last Interglacial Mean Ocean Temperature", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601218"}], "date_created": "Mon, 13 Jul 2015 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This award supports a project to use the Taylor Glacier, Antarctica, ablation zone to collect ice samples for a range of paleoenvironmental studies. A record of carbon-14 of atmospheric methane (14CH4) will be obtained for the last deglaciation and the Early Holocene, together with a supporting record of CH4 stable isotopes. In-situ cosmogenic 14C content and partitioning of 14C between different species (14CH4, C-14 carbon monoxide (14CO) and C-14 carbon dioxide (14CO2)) will be determined with unprecedented precision in ice from the surface down to ~67 m. Further age-mapping of the ablating ice stratigraphy will take place using a combination of CH4, CO2, \u0026#948;18O of oxygen gas and H2O stable isotopes. High precision, high-resolution records of CO2, \u0026#948;13C of CO2, nitrous oxide (N2O) and N2O isotopes will be obtained for the last deglaciation and intervals during the last glacial period. The potential of 14CO2 and Krypton-81 (81Kr) as absolute dating tools for glacial ice will be investigated. The intellectual merit of proposed work includes the fact that the response of natural methane sources to continuing global warming is uncertain, and available evidence is insufficient to rule out the possibility of catastrophic releases from large 14C-depleted reservoirs such as CH4 clathrates and permafrost. The proposed paleoatmospheric 14CH4 record will improve our understanding of the possible magnitude and timing of CH4 release from these reservoirs during a large climatic warming. A thorough understanding of in-situ cosmogenic 14C in glacial ice (production rates by different mechanisms and partitioning between species) is currently lacking. Such an understanding will likely enable the use of in-situ 14CO in ice at accumulation sites as a reliable, uncomplicated tracer of the past cosmic ray flux and possibly past solar activity, as well as the use of 14CO2 at both ice accumulation and ice ablation sites as an absolute dating tool. Significant gaps remain in our understanding of the natural carbon cycle, as well as in its responses to global climate change. The proposed high-resolution, high-precision records of \u0026#948;13C of CO2 would provide new information on carbon cycle changes both during times of rising CO2 in a warming climate and falling CO2 in a cooling climate. N2O is an important greenhouse gas that increased by ~30% during the last deglaciation. The causes of this increase are still largely uncertain, and the proposed high-precision record of N2O concentration and isotopes would provide further insights into N2O source changes in a warming world. The broader impacts of proposed work include an improvement in our understanding of the response of these greenhouse gas budgets to global warming and inform societally important model projections of future climate change. The continued age-mapping of Taylor Glacier ablation ice will add value to this high-quality, easily accessible archive of natural environmental variability. Establishing 14CO as a robust new tracer for past cosmic ray flux would inform paleoclimate studies and constitute a valuable contribution to the study of the societally important issue of climate change. The proposed work will contribute to the development of new laboratory and field analytical systems. The data from the study will be made available to the scientific community and the broad public through the NSIDC and NOAA Paleoclimatology data centers. 1 graduate student each will be trained at UR, OSU and SIO, and the work will contribute to the training of a postdoc at OSU. 3 UR undergraduates will be involved in fieldwork and research. The work will support a new, junior UR faculty member, Petrenko. All PIs have a strong history of and commitment to scientific outreach in the forms of media interviews, participation in filming of field projects, as well as speaking to schools and the public about their research, and will continue these activities as part of the proposed work. This award has field work in Antarctica.", "east": 162.167, "geometry": "POINT(162.167 -77.733)", "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e MASS SPECTROMETERS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e CORERS \u003e CORING DEVICES; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e MASS SPECTROMETERS; NOT APPLICABLE \u003e NOT APPLICABLE \u003e NOT APPLICABLE", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "Not provided; USAP-DC; FIELD INVESTIGATION; Stratigraphy; FIELD SURVEYS; Antarctica; Paleoenvironment; Methane; Ice Core; Carbon Dioxide; FIXED OBSERVATION STATIONS; Stable Isotopes; Ablation Zone; Taylor Glacier; Nitrous Oxide; USA/NSF; LABORATORY; AMD; Cosmogenic; Amd/Us", "locations": "Taylor Glacier; Antarctica", "north": -77.733, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Petrenko, Vasilii; Brook, Edward J.; Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.; PETRENKO, VASILLI", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD INVESTIGATION; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD SURVEYS; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e PERMANENT LAND SITES \u003e FIXED OBSERVATION STATIONS; Not provided; OTHER \u003e PHYSICAL MODELS \u003e LABORATORY", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "Taylor Dome Ice Core", "south": -77.733, "title": "Collaborative Research: The Taylor Glacier, Antarctica, Horizontal Ice Core: Exploring changes in the Natural Methane Budget in a Warming World and Expanding the Paleo-archive", "uid": "p0000283", "west": 162.167}, {"awards": "0086645 Fountain, Andrew", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((161.04 -77.3,161.239 -77.3,161.438 -77.3,161.637 -77.3,161.836 -77.3,162.035 -77.3,162.234 -77.3,162.433 -77.3,162.632 -77.3,162.831 -77.3,163.03 -77.3,163.03 -77.378,163.03 -77.456,163.03 -77.534,163.03 -77.612,163.03 -77.69,163.03 -77.768,163.03 -77.846,163.03 -77.924,163.03 -78.002,163.03 -78.08,162.831 -78.08,162.632 -78.08,162.433 -78.08,162.234 -78.08,162.035 -78.08,161.836 -78.08,161.637 -78.08,161.438 -78.08,161.239 -78.08,161.04 -78.08,161.04 -78.002,161.04 -77.924,161.04 -77.846,161.04 -77.768,161.04 -77.69,161.04 -77.612,161.04 -77.534,161.04 -77.456,161.04 -77.378,161.04 -77.3))", "dataset_titles": "McMurdo Dry Valleys Long-Term Ecological Research (MCM LTER) Core Glacier Mass Balance Data, Antarctica", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "609421", "doi": "", "keywords": "Antarctica; Dry Valleys; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; LTER; LTER Mcmurdo Dry Valleys", "people": "Lyons, W. Berry; Fountain, Andrew; Langevin, Paul; Basagic, Hassan; Nylen, Thomas", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "McMurdo Dry Valleys Long-Term Ecological Research (MCM LTER) Core Glacier Mass Balance Data, Antarctica", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/609421"}], "date_created": "Mon, 31 Aug 2009 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "0086645\u003cbr/\u003eFountain\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThis award supports a Small Grant for Exploratory Research (SGER) to study glaciological change in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica under the category of \"application of new expertise or new approaches to established research topics\". The purpose of the project is to assess the application of classified imagery to the study of the magnitude and rate of change of glacier extent and lake area as an indicator of climate change. Because the rate of change of both glacier extent and lake area is small compared to the resolution of unclassified imagery, the increased resolution of classified imagery is clearly needed. Access to classified imagery with 1 meter or better resolution will provide a baseline measurement against which future changes can be compared. Maximum use will be made of archived imagery but if necessary, one request will be made for new imagery to supplement the existing archive. This work will support on-going field measurements which are part of the Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) site in the McMurdo Dry Valleys but which are limited by logistic constraints to only a few measurements during limited times of the year. If successful, the information gained in this project will enable researchers to better direct their efforts to identify the important physical processes controlling the changes in the valleys. The information acquired in conducting this project will be made available to the public, using appropriate security procedures to declassify the data. The \"exploratory\" and \"high risk\" nature of the proposed work and its \"potential\" to make an important \"impact\" on the field of Antarctic glacier studies are all reasons that this work is appropriate to support as an SGER.", "east": 163.03, "geometry": "POINT(162.035 -77.69)", "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e CORERS \u003e SNOW DENSITY CUTTER", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "Glacier Surface; Antarctic; LABORATORY; Byrd Polar Research Center; FIELD INVESTIGATION; FIELD SURVEYS; Antarctica; Not provided; Glacier; Mass Balance; Snow Density; Ice Core; Taylor Glacier", "locations": "Antarctic; Antarctica; Taylor Glacier", "north": -77.3, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Nylen, Thomas; Basagic, Hassan; Langevin, Paul; Lyons, W. Berry; Fountain, Andrew", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD INVESTIGATION; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD SURVEYS; Not provided; OTHER \u003e PHYSICAL MODELS \u003e LABORATORY", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -78.08, "title": "SGER Proposal:Glaciological change in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica", "uid": "p0000541", "west": 161.04}, {"awards": "0230338 Hallet, Bernard; 0233823 Fountain, Andrew", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((162.132 -77.73,162.1495 -77.73,162.167 -77.73,162.1845 -77.73,162.202 -77.73,162.2195 -77.73,162.237 -77.73,162.2545 -77.73,162.272 -77.73,162.2895 -77.73,162.307 -77.73,162.307 -77.7303,162.307 -77.7306,162.307 -77.7309,162.307 -77.7312,162.307 -77.7315,162.307 -77.7318,162.307 -77.7321,162.307 -77.7324,162.307 -77.7327,162.307 -77.733,162.2895 -77.733,162.272 -77.733,162.2545 -77.733,162.237 -77.733,162.2195 -77.733,162.202 -77.733,162.1845 -77.733,162.167 -77.733,162.1495 -77.733,162.132 -77.733,162.132 -77.7327,162.132 -77.7324,162.132 -77.7321,162.132 -77.7318,162.132 -77.7315,162.132 -77.7312,162.132 -77.7309,162.132 -77.7306,162.132 -77.7303,162.132 -77.73))", "dataset_titles": null, "datasets": null, "date_created": "Wed, 02 Jul 2008 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This award supports a comprehensive study of land-based polar ice cliffs. Through field measurements, modeling, and remote sensing, the physics underlying the formation of ice cliffs at the margin of Taylor Glacier in the McMurdo Dry Valleys will be investigated. At three sites, measurements of ice deformation and temperature fields near the cliff face will be combined with existing energy balance data to quantify ice-cliff evolution over one full seasonal cycle. In addition, a small seismic network will monitor local \"ice quakes\" associated with calving events. Numerical modeling, validated by the field data, will enable determination of the sensitivity of ice cliff evolution to environmental variables. There are both local and global motivations for studying the ice cliffs of Taylor Glacier. On a global scale, this work will provide insight into the fundamental processes of calving and glacier terminus A better grasp of ice cliff processes will also improve boundary conditions required for predicting glaciers\u0027 response to climate change. Locally, the Taylor Glacier is an important component of the McMurdo Dry Valleys landscape and the results of this study will aid in defining ecologically-important sources of glacial meltwater and will lead to a better understanding of moraine formation at polar ice cliffs. This study will help launch the career of a female scientist, will support one graduate student, and provide experiential learning experiences for two undergraduates. The post-doctoral researcher will also use this research in the curriculum of a wilderness science experiential education program for high school girls.", "east": 162.307, "geometry": "POINT(162.2195 -77.7315)", "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e TEMPERATURE/HUMIDITY SENSORS \u003e THERMOCOUPLES \u003e THERMOCOUPLES; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e POSITIONING/NAVIGATION \u003e GPS \u003e GPS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e MAGNETIC/MOTION SENSORS \u003e SEISMOMETERS \u003e SEISMOMETERS; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e ACTIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e RADAR SOUNDERS \u003e GPR; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e RECORDERS/LOGGERS \u003e AWS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PRESSURE/HEIGHT METERS \u003e SURVEYING TOOLS", "is_usap_dc": false, "keywords": "SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS; Ice Quakes; Ice Cliffs; Not provided; Taylor Glacier; FIELD SURVEYS; Remote Sensing; GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS; Modeling; Ice Deformation; Glacial Meltwater; FIELD INVESTIGATION; McMurdo Dry Valleys", "locations": "McMurdo Dry Valleys; Taylor Glacier", "north": -77.73, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Pettit, Erin; Hallet, Bernard; Fountain, Andrew", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD INVESTIGATION; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD SURVEYS; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e PERMANENT LAND SITES \u003e GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e PERMANENT LAND SITES \u003e SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS; Not provided", "repositories": null, "science_programs": null, "south": -77.733, "title": "Collaborative Research: Mechanics of Dry-Land Calving of Ice Cliffs", "uid": "p0000721", "west": 162.132}, {"awards": "0126202 Blankenship, Donald; 0125579 Cuffey, Kurt", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((160 -77.6,160.25 -77.6,160.5 -77.6,160.75 -77.6,161 -77.6,161.25 -77.6,161.5 -77.6,161.75 -77.6,162 -77.6,162.25 -77.6,162.5 -77.6,162.5 -77.63,162.5 -77.66,162.5 -77.69,162.5 -77.72,162.5 -77.75,162.5 -77.78,162.5 -77.81,162.5 -77.84,162.5 -77.87,162.5 -77.9,162.25 -77.9,162 -77.9,161.75 -77.9,161.5 -77.9,161.25 -77.9,161 -77.9,160.75 -77.9,160.5 -77.9,160.25 -77.9,160 -77.9,160 -77.87,160 -77.84,160 -77.81,160 -77.78,160 -77.75,160 -77.72,160 -77.69,160 -77.66,160 -77.63,160 -77.6))", "dataset_titles": "Ablation Rates of Taylor Glacier, Antarctica; Stable Isotopes of Ice on the Surface of Taylor Glacier, Antarctica; Surface Velocities of Taylor Glacier, Antarctica", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "609323", "doi": "10.7265/N5WM1BBZ", "keywords": "Antarctica; Chemistry:ice; Chemistry:Ice; Geochemistry; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Isotope; Taylor Glacier", "people": "Aciego, Sarah; Bliss, Andrew; Cuffey, Kurt M.; Kavanaugh, Jeffrey", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Stable Isotopes of Ice on the Surface of Taylor Glacier, Antarctica", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/609323"}, {"dataset_uid": "609326", "doi": "10.7265/N5N29TW8", "keywords": "Ablation Poles; Ablation Rates; Antarctica; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Taylor Glacier", "people": "Bliss, Andrew; Kavanaugh, Jeffrey; Cuffey, Kurt M.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Ablation Rates of Taylor Glacier, Antarctica", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/609326"}, {"dataset_uid": "609324", "doi": "10.7265/N5RV0KM7", "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Velocity; Taylor Glacier", "people": "Cuffey, Kurt M.; Bliss, Andrew; Kavanaugh, Jeffrey; Aciego, Sarah", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Surface Velocities of Taylor Glacier, Antarctica", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/609324"}], "date_created": "Tue, 13 Feb 2007 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This award supports a project to significantly improve our understanding of how Taylor Glacier flows and responds to climate changes. Taylor Glacier drains the Taylor Dome region of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet and terminates in Taylor Valley, one of the Dry Valleys of Victoria Land. It provides a crucial and unique link between two intensively studied Antarctic environments: the Taylor Dome, from which a 130 kyr ice core paleoclimate record has recently been extracted, and the Dry Valleys, a pivotal Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) site and a focus of research on geomorphology and glacial geology. The proposed work will thus make an important contribution to ongoing efforts to exploit the Taylor Dome - Dry Valleys system to build a uniquely comprehensive view of regional long-term environmental changes. The proposed work has two complementary components: field research and numerical modelling. Two field seasons will be used to measure velocity, surface strain rate, mass balance, ice thickness, glacier bed reflectance, and subglacial topography, along a nearly complete longitudinal transect of the Taylor Glacier, and along select cross-valley transects. This information will be used to constrain numerical models of ice and heat flow for the Taylor Dome - Taylor Glacier system. These calibrated models will be used to analyze the time-dependent response of the Taylor Glacier to climate changes. The synthesis of results will be aimed to improve understanding of the glacial geomorphology of Taylor Valley, and to illuminate impacts on the Taylor Valley lakes ecosystem. The project will have a major role in furthering the careers of a doctoral-level graduate student and a post-doctoral researcher.", "east": 162.5, "geometry": "POINT(161.25 -77.75)", "instruments": "EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e POSITIONING/NAVIGATION \u003e GPS \u003e GPS; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e POSITIONING/NAVIGATION \u003e GPS \u003e GPS RECEIVERS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e MASS SPECTROMETERS", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "Glacier; Glacier Surface; Glacier Surface Ablation; Ice Velocity; Velocity Measurements; Taylor Glacier; Isotope; GPS; Ice Sheet Elevation; Not provided; FIELD INVESTIGATION; Ice Surface Elevation; Ablation; Oxygen Isotope; Elevation; Deuterium; GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS; Glacier Surface Ablation Rate; Surface Elevation", "locations": "Taylor Glacier", "north": -77.6, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Bliss, Andrew; Kavanaugh, Jeffrey; Aciego, Sarah; Cuffey, Kurt M.; Morse, David L.; Blankenship, Donald D.", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD INVESTIGATION; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e PERMANENT LAND SITES \u003e GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS; Not provided; SPACE-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e NAVIGATION SATELLITES \u003e GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) \u003e GPS", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -77.9, "title": "Collaborative Research: Dynamics and Climatic Response of the Taylor Glacier System", "uid": "p0000084", "west": 160.0}]

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