[{"awards": "2535315 Xu, Zhonghua", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((5.71 -81.96,14.007000000000001 -81.96,22.304000000000002 -81.96,30.601000000000003 -81.96,38.898 -81.96,47.195 -81.96,55.492000000000004 -81.96,63.78900000000001 -81.96,72.086 -81.96,80.383 -81.96,88.68 -81.96,88.68 -82.24499999999999,88.68 -82.53,88.68 -82.815,88.68 -83.1,88.68 -83.38499999999999,88.68 -83.67,88.68 -83.955,88.68 -84.24,88.68 -84.525,88.68 -84.81,80.38300000000001 -84.81,72.08600000000001 -84.81,63.789 -84.81,55.492000000000004 -84.81,47.19500000000001 -84.81,38.898 -84.81,30.601 -84.81,22.304000000000002 -84.81,14.007000000000005 -84.81,5.71 -84.81,5.71 -84.525,5.71 -84.24,5.71 -83.955,5.71 -83.67,5.71 -83.38499999999999,5.71 -83.1,5.71 -82.815,5.71 -82.53,5.71 -82.24499999999999,5.71 -81.96))", "dataset_titles": "Autonomous Adaptive Low-Power Instrument Platform (AAL-PIP) Ground-based Vector Magnetic", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "200591", "doi": "10.48322/ZE7Z-EG10", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "NASA SPDF", "science_program": null, "title": "Autonomous Adaptive Low-Power Instrument Platform (AAL-PIP) Ground-based Vector Magnetic", "url": "https://doi.org/10.48322/ZE7Z-EG10"}], "date_created": "Wed, 09 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This project will support a longstanding scientific collaboration of U.S. universities to keep a vital network of sensitive monitoring instruments operating across Antarctica. By maintaining and restoring these ground-based observatories, the project will ensure continuous measurement of Earth\u0027\u0027s magnetic field in the planet\u0027\u0027s southernmost regions. This data is critical for understanding the powerful solar storms that can disrupt satellites, interfere with aviation communications, and threaten power grids. The project will make all its observations available to the global research community, providing an important foundation for better forecasting and preparedness. It will also train the next generation of space weather scientists through hands-on research, and connect the public to the excitement of polar science through planetarium activities and educational outreach. These activities will highlight how fundamental research in Antarctica protects the modern technologies that millions of Americans rely on daily.\r\n\r\nThis project will operate, maintain, and restore the Antarctic PENGUIn (PG) magnetometer array, the only continuously operating network spanning the southern polar cap, cusp, and auroral zones. In coordination with conjugate sites in Greenland, the PG array will contribute to a unique global platform for investigating unresolved questions about interhemispheric asymmetries in high-latitude geospace dynamics during solar maximum. The work will address two core science objectives: 1) characterizing the drivers and spatial structure of magnetic perturbations during extreme space weather events, and 2) quantifying how interplanetary shocks and ultra-low frequency waves couple differently into the northern and southern hemispheres. The methodology will employ a targeted, observation-driven framework. It will analyze conjugate magnetometer data from benchmark events (e.g., the March 17, 2013 storm) and a catalog of 75\u2013100 interplanetary shock events, integrating field-line tracing, upstream solar wind data, and ionospheric measurements to separate intrinsic ionospheric effects from external solar wind forcing. The project will extend a validated 2016 solar-minimum correlation climatology through Solar Cycle 25\u0027\u0027s peak, tracking how hemispheric coupling evolves. The intellectual merit lies in filling the largest remaining gap in global geospace coverage, providing multi-decadal data continuity, and delivering statistically robust results on interhemispheric asymmetry that will reshape fundamental understanding of solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling. The project will support early-career researchers, engage with the public via the University of Texas at Arlington Planetarium, and align with the polar and space weather research communities\u2019 priorities.\r\n\r\nThis award reflects NSF\u0027\u0027s statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation\u0027\u0027s intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.", "east": 88.68, "geometry": "POINT(47.19500000000001 -83.38499999999999)", "instruments": "EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e MAGNETIC FIELD/ELECTRIC FIELD INSTRUMENTS; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING; SOLAR/SPACE OBSERVING INSTRUMENTS \u003e MAGNETIC FIELD/ELECTRIC FIELD INSTRUMENTS \u003e FLUXGATE MAGNETOMETERS; EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS \u003e PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING \u003e MAGNETIC FIELD/ELECTRIC FIELD INSTRUMENTS \u003e MAGNETOMETERS", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "FIELD SITES; East Antarctic Plateau; MAGNETIC FIELDS/MAGNETIC CURRENTS; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS", "locations": "East Antarctic Plateau", "north": -81.96, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Astrophysics and Geospace Sciences", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Xu, Zhonghua; Sterne, Kevin T", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES", "repo": "NASA SPDF", "repositories": "NASA SPDF", "science_programs": null, "south": -84.81, "title": "Investigating Interhemispheric Asymmetries in Solar Wind - Magnetosphere - Ionosphere Coupling Processes in Polar Regions", "uid": "p0010582", "west": 5.71}, {"awards": "2032421 Kim, Hyomin; 2031554 Chartier, Alex", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-180 -75,-144 -75,-108 -75,-72 -75,-36 -75,0 -75,36 -75,72 -75,108 -75,144 -75,180 -75,180 -76.5,180 -78,180 -79.5,180 -81,180 -82.5,180 -84,180 -85.5,180 -87,180 -88.5,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -88.5,-180 -87,-180 -85.5,-180 -84,-180 -82.5,-180 -81,-180 -79.5,-180 -78,-180 -76.5,-180 -75))", "dataset_titles": null, "datasets": null, "date_created": "Fri, 31 Dec 2021 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This award is funded in whole or part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2). The Geospace environment comprises a complex system of the incoming solar wind plasma flow interacting with the Earth\u0027s magnetic field and transferring its energy and momentum into the magnetosphere. This interaction takes place mainly on the Earth\u0027s dayside, where reconnecting geomagnetic field line might be \"open\" and directly connected to the interplanetary magnetic field lines, thus providing direct pathways for the solar wind energy to be transferred down to the ionosphere and upper atmosphere. The spatial extent of the polar cap areas controlled by the ionospheric plasma convection demarcate the so-called \"Open-Closed Boundary\" where solar wind particles reach down polar ionospheres. Observations of that boundary serve the important role in validating geomagnetic field modeling and help studying space weather. Motivated by the compelling Geospace research in the polar regions, this award will allow scientists to investigate magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling processes and ionospheric irregularities inside the polar caps and their space weather impacts by establishing a new ground-based network that will be deployed in the Antarctic polar cap region. This will be achieved using three new instrumented platforms (next generation of Automatic Geophysical Observatories) along the snow traverse route from the Korean Antarctic Station Jang Bogo toward to the Concordia Station at Dome C by the Korea Polar Research Institute\u0027s (KOPRI) team. Geospace data collected by these three platforms will be shared by the U.S. and Korean researchers, as well as will be made available to other scientists. The research involves early-career researchers, as well as train students who will build and operate remote Antarctic platforms, as well as analyze collected data to investigate space weather events and validate models. This project expands the U.S. institutions partnership with the KOPRI scientists and logistical support personnel. This award reflects NSF\u0027s statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation\u0027s intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.", "east": 180.0, "geometry": "POINT(0 -89.999)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "Amd/Us; USA/NSF; Jang Bogo Station; Jang Bogo Station And A Traverse Route On The Antarctic Plateau; USAP-DC; FIELD SURVEYS; MAGNETIC FIELDS/MAGNETIC CURRENTS; AURORAE; AMD", "locations": "Jang Bogo Station And A Traverse Route On The Antarctic Plateau; Jang Bogo Station", "north": -75.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Astrophysics and Geospace Sciences; Antarctic Astrophysics and Geospace Sciences; Antarctic Instrumentation and Facilities", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Kim, Hyomin; Perry, Gareth; Chartier, Alex", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD SURVEYS", "repositories": null, "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "Collaborative Research: Investigation of Deep Polar Cap Dynamics Using an Autonomous Instrument Network", "uid": "p0010288", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "1745041 Lessard, Marc; 1744861 Kim, Hyomin; 1744828 Xu, Zhonghua", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((6 -69,14.3 -69,22.6 -69,30.9 -69,39.2 -69,47.5 -69,55.8 -69,64.1 -69,72.4 -69,80.7 -69,89 -69,89 -70.6,89 -72.2,89 -73.8,89 -75.4,89 -77,89 -78.6,89 -80.2,89 -81.8,89 -83.4,89 -85,80.7 -85,72.4 -85,64.1 -85,55.8 -85,47.5 -85,39.2 -85,30.9 -85,22.6 -85,14.3 -85,6 -85,6 -83.4,6 -81.8,6 -80.2,6 -78.6,6 -77,6 -75.4,6 -73.8,6 -72.2,6 -70.6,6 -69))", "dataset_titles": "Autonomous Adaptive Low-Power Instrument Platform (AAL-PIP) Ground-based Vector Magnetic Field 1 s Data; ZK1 Fluxgate Magnetometer Vector Magnetic Field Data; ZK3 Fluxgate Magnetometer Vector Magnetic Field Data", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "602023", "doi": "10.15784/602023", "keywords": "Antarctica; Autonomous observing systems; Cryosphere; East Antarctica; Fluxgate magnetometer; Space weather; Vector magnetic field; ZK1", "people": "Xu, Zhonghua", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "ZK1 Fluxgate Magnetometer Vector Magnetic Field Data", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/602023"}, {"dataset_uid": "200545", "doi": "10.48322/ZE7Z-EG10", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "THEMIS Magnetometer Data Archive", "science_program": null, "title": "Autonomous Adaptive Low-Power Instrument Platform (AAL-PIP) Ground-based Vector Magnetic Field 1 s Data", "url": "https://themis.ssl.berkeley.edu/data/themis/thg/l2/mag/"}, {"dataset_uid": "200544", "doi": "10.48322/ZE7Z-EG10", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "NASA SPDF", "science_program": null, "title": "Autonomous Adaptive Low-Power Instrument Platform (AAL-PIP) Ground-based Vector Magnetic Field 1 s Data", "url": "https://doi.org/10.48322/ZE7Z-EG10"}, {"dataset_uid": "602024", "doi": "10.15784/602024", "keywords": "Antarctica; Autonomous observing systems; Cryosphere; East Antarctica; Magnetometer; Space weather; Vector magnetic field", "people": "Xu, Zhonghua", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "ZK3 Fluxgate Magnetometer Vector Magnetic Field Data", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/602024"}], "date_created": "Thu, 01 Jul 2021 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The Geospace environment comprises a complex system of interlaced domains that interacts with the incoming solar wind plasma flow and transfers its energy and momentum from the Earth\u0027s magnetosphere outer layers down to the ionosphere and upper atmosphere. These physical processes take place mainly on the Earth\u0027s dayside, diverting most of the energy along geomagnetic field lines toward both the northern and southern polar regions. Understanding this complex interaction process that couples both polar ionospheres is important for developing the physical models that can describe and predict space weather disturbances and help mitigate their impacts on humans\u0027 technological systems - from near-Earth space assets down to electrical grids and long pipelines. There is a strong need to collect sufficient geophysical data to investigate the above-mentioned processes, particularly from the southern hemisphere. With this award, the grantees will build and deploy additional ground-based observations platforms in the East Antarctic Plateau, enhancing capabilities of the existing meridional array of already deployed autonomous, low-powered magnetometers. This will make the southern array of magnetometers two-dimensional and geomagnetically conjugate to similar instruments deployed in Greenland and Svalbard, thus making possible a global view of the magnetospheric regions where natural, ultra-low frequency electromagnetic waves are generated. The project involves young scientists who will operate remote Antarctic magnetometers and analyze collected data to investigate space weather events and validate models. This project expands the Virginia Tech\u0027s partnership with the University of New Hampshire, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Polar Research Institute of China, and Technical University of Denmark. This award reflects NSF\u0027s statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation\u0027s intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.", "east": 89.0, "geometry": "POINT(47.5 -77)", "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "Antarctica; USA/NSF; FIELD SURVEYS; Amd/Us; AMD; USAP-DC; MAGNETIC FIELDS/MAGNETIC CURRENTS; AURORAE", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -69.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Astrophysics and Geospace Sciences; Antarctic Astrophysics and Geospace Sciences; Antarctic Astrophysics and Geospace Sciences", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Xu, Zhonghua; Clauer, Calvin", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD SURVEYS", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "NASA SPDF; THEMIS Magnetometer Data Archive; USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -85.0, "title": "Collaborative Proposal: A High-Latitude Conjugate Area Array Experiment to Investigate Solar Wind - Magnetosphere - Ionosphere Coupling", "uid": "p0010222", "west": 6.0}]

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Investigating Interhemispheric Asymmetries in Solar Wind - Magnetosphere - Ionosphere Coupling Processes in Polar Regions

2535315

2026-09-09

Xu, Zhonghua; Sterne, Kevin T

Autonomous Adaptive Low-Power Instrument Platform (AAL-PIP) Ground-based Vector Magnetic

NASA SPDF

This project will support a longstanding scientific collaboration of U.S. universities to keep a vital network of sensitive monitoring instruments operating across Antarctica. By maintaining and restoring these ground-based observatories, the project will ensure continuous measurement of Earth''s magnetic field in the planet''s southernmost regions. This data is critical for understanding the powerful solar storms that can disrupt satellites, interfere with aviation communications, and threaten power grids. The project will make all its observations available to the global research community, providing an important foundation for better forecasting and preparedness. It will also train the next generation of space weather scientists through hands-on research, and connect the public to the excitement of polar science through planetarium activities and educational outreach. These activities will highlight how fundamental research in Antarctica protects the modern technologies that millions of Americans rely on daily. This project will operate, maintain, and restore the Antarctic PENGUIn (PG) magnetometer array, the only continuously operating network spanning the southern polar cap, cusp, and auroral zones. In coordination with conjugate sites in Greenland, the PG array will contribute to a unique global platform for investigating unresolved questions about interhemispheric asymmetries in high-latitude geospace dynamics during solar maximum. The work will address two core science objectives: 1) characterizing the drivers and spatial structure of magnetic perturbations during extreme space weather events, and 2) quantifying how interplanetary shocks and ultra-low frequency waves couple differently into the northern and southern hemispheres. The methodology will employ a targeted, observation-driven framework. It will analyze conjugate magnetometer data from benchmark events (e.g., the March 17, 2013 storm) and a catalog of 75–100 interplanetary shock events, integrating field-line tracing, upstream solar wind data, and ionospheric measurements to separate intrinsic ionospheric effects from external solar wind forcing. The project will extend a validated 2016 solar-minimum correlation climatology through Solar Cycle 25''s peak, tracking how hemispheric coupling evolves. The intellectual merit lies in filling the largest remaining gap in global geospace coverage, providing multi-decadal data continuity, and delivering statistically robust results on interhemispheric asymmetry that will reshape fundamental understanding of solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling. The project will support early-career researchers, engage with the public via the University of Texas at Arlington Planetarium, and align with the polar and space weather research communities’ priorities. This award reflects NSF''s statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation''s intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

Collaborative Research: Investigation of Deep Polar Cap Dynamics Using an Autonomous Instrument Network

2032421
2031554

2021-12-31

Kim, Hyomin; Perry, Gareth; Chartier, Alex

No dataset link provided

This award is funded in whole or part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2). The Geospace environment comprises a complex system of the incoming solar wind plasma flow interacting with the Earth's magnetic field and transferring its energy and momentum into the magnetosphere. This interaction takes place mainly on the Earth's dayside, where reconnecting geomagnetic field line might be "open" and directly connected to the interplanetary magnetic field lines, thus providing direct pathways for the solar wind energy to be transferred down to the ionosphere and upper atmosphere. The spatial extent of the polar cap areas controlled by the ionospheric plasma convection demarcate the so-called "Open-Closed Boundary" where solar wind particles reach down polar ionospheres. Observations of that boundary serve the important role in validating geomagnetic field modeling and help studying space weather. Motivated by the compelling Geospace research in the polar regions, this award will allow scientists to investigate magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling processes and ionospheric irregularities inside the polar caps and their space weather impacts by establishing a new ground-based network that will be deployed in the Antarctic polar cap region. This will be achieved using three new instrumented platforms (next generation of Automatic Geophysical Observatories) along the snow traverse route from the Korean Antarctic Station Jang Bogo toward to the Concordia Station at Dome C by the Korea Polar Research Institute's (KOPRI) team. Geospace data collected by these three platforms will be shared by the U.S. and Korean researchers, as well as will be made available to other scientists. The research involves early-career researchers, as well as train students who will build and operate remote Antarctic platforms, as well as analyze collected data to investigate space weather events and validate models. This project expands the U.S. institutions partnership with the KOPRI scientists and logistical support personnel. This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

Collaborative Proposal: A High-Latitude Conjugate Area Array Experiment to Investigate Solar Wind - Magnetosphere - Ionosphere Coupling

1745041
1744861
1744828

2021-07-01

Xu, Zhonghua; Clauer, Calvin

ZK1 Fluxgate Magnetometer Vector Magnetic Field Data	USAP-DC
Autonomous Adaptive Low-Power Instrument Platform (AAL-PIP) Ground-based Vector Magnetic Field 1 s Data	THEMIS Magnetometer Data Archive
Autonomous Adaptive Low-Power Instrument Platform (AAL-PIP) Ground-based Vector Magnetic Field 1 s Data	NASA SPDF
ZK3 Fluxgate Magnetometer Vector Magnetic Field Data	USAP-DC

The Geospace environment comprises a complex system of interlaced domains that interacts with the incoming solar wind plasma flow and transfers its energy and momentum from the Earth's magnetosphere outer layers down to the ionosphere and upper atmosphere. These physical processes take place mainly on the Earth's dayside, diverting most of the energy along geomagnetic field lines toward both the northern and southern polar regions. Understanding this complex interaction process that couples both polar ionospheres is important for developing the physical models that can describe and predict space weather disturbances and help mitigate their impacts on humans' technological systems - from near-Earth space assets down to electrical grids and long pipelines. There is a strong need to collect sufficient geophysical data to investigate the above-mentioned processes, particularly from the southern hemisphere. With this award, the grantees will build and deploy additional ground-based observations platforms in the East Antarctic Plateau, enhancing capabilities of the existing meridional array of already deployed autonomous, low-powered magnetometers. This will make the southern array of magnetometers two-dimensional and geomagnetically conjugate to similar instruments deployed in Greenland and Svalbard, thus making possible a global view of the magnetospheric regions where natural, ultra-low frequency electromagnetic waves are generated. The project involves young scientists who will operate remote Antarctic magnetometers and analyze collected data to investigate space weather events and validate models. This project expands the Virginia Tech's partnership with the University of New Hampshire, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Polar Research Institute of China, and Technical University of Denmark. This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

USAP-DC