{"dp_type": "Project", "free_text": "Caldera"}
[{"awards": "9725972 Klinkhammer, Gary", "bounds_geometry": "POLYGON((-70.90664 -52.35256,-69.221316 -52.35256,-67.535992 -52.35256,-65.850668 -52.35256,-64.165344 -52.35256,-62.48002 -52.35256,-60.794696 -52.35256,-59.109372 -52.35256,-57.424048 -52.35256,-55.738724 -52.35256,-54.0534 -52.35256,-54.0534 -53.399775,-54.0534 -54.44699,-54.0534 -55.494205,-54.0534 -56.54142,-54.0534 -57.588635,-54.0534 -58.63585,-54.0534 -59.683065,-54.0534 -60.73028,-54.0534 -61.777495,-54.0534 -62.82471,-55.738724 -62.82471,-57.424048 -62.82471,-59.109372 -62.82471,-60.794696 -62.82471,-62.48002 -62.82471,-64.165344 -62.82471,-65.850668 -62.82471,-67.535992 -62.82471,-69.221316 -62.82471,-70.90664 -62.82471,-70.90664 -61.777495,-70.90664 -60.73028,-70.90664 -59.683065,-70.90664 -58.63585,-70.90664 -57.588635,-70.90664 -56.54142,-70.90664 -55.494205,-70.90664 -54.44699,-70.90664 -53.399775,-70.90664 -52.35256))", "dataset_titles": "Expedition Data", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "002064", "doi": "", "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "R2R", "science_program": null, "title": "Expedition Data", "url": "https://www.rvdata.us/search/cruise/NBP9904"}], "date_created": "Tue, 04 May 2010 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "NSF FORM 1358 (1/94) This award, provided by the Office of Polar Programs of the National Science Foundation, supports research to investigate hydrothermal venting in Bransfield Strait, between the South Shetland Islands and the Antarctic Peninsula. Previous exploratory work in the Strait identified several sites where hot hydrothermal fluids emanate from the sea floor. These discoveries were made using an instrument package specially designed to detect and map the thermal and chemical anomalies that hydrothermal activity imparts on the overlying water column. Hydrothermal sites in the Strait range in water depth from \u003c200 to 1300 meters and occur on the volcanic outcrops that periodically protrude through the sediment cover along the strike of the rift zone. These sites are alligned with the caldera at Deception Island which has active hot springs. These are the first submarine hydrothermal sites discovered in Antarctica and as such represent unique research opportunities. This project will return to the Strait to further map and sample these areas. There are several compelling reasons to believe that further exploration of vent systems in the Bransfield will yield exciting new information: (1) Bransfield Strait is a back-arc rift system and it is likely that the vent fluids and mineral deposits associated with venting in this setting are unlike anything sampled so far from submarine vents. (2) Preliminary evidence suggests that venting in the Bransfield occurs in two different volcanic substrates: andesite and rhyolite. This situation provides a natural laboratory for investigating the effects of substrate chemistry on vent fluid composition. (3) Bransfield Strait is isolated from the system of mid-ocean ridges and has a relatively short history of rifting (approximately 4 my). So, while the region straddles the Atlantic and Pacific, vent biota in the Strait may well have a distinct genealogy. Biochemical information on vent species in the Bransfield will add to our knowledge of the dispersal of life in the deep ocean. In the past such discoveries have led to the identification of new species and the isolation of previously unknown biochemical compounds. (4) The fire and ice environments of hydrothermal sites in the Bransfield may prove to be the closest analog for primordial environments on Earth and extraterrestrial bodies. The Bransfield Strait is one of the most productive areas of the world\u0027s oceans and lies close to the Antarctic continent, far removed from the mid-ocean ridge system. The combination of organic-rich sediment and heat produced by volcanism in this back- arc setting creates a situation conducive to unusual fluids, unique vent biota, and exotic hydrothermal deposits. Collaborative awards: OPP 9725972 and OPP 9813450", "east": -54.0534, "geometry": "POINT(-62.48002 -57.588635)", "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e MAGNETIC/MOTION SENSORS \u003e GRAVIMETERS \u003e GRAVIMETERS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PROFILERS/SOUNDERS \u003e ACOUSTIC SOUNDERS \u003e MSBS", "is_usap_dc": false, "keywords": "R/V NBP", "locations": null, "north": -52.35256, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Earth Sciences", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Klinkhammer, Gary", "platforms": "WATER-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e VESSELS \u003e SURFACE \u003e R/V NBP", "repo": "R2R", "repositories": "R2R", "science_programs": null, "south": -62.82471, "title": "Heat and Chemical Exchange During the Early Stages of Backarc Rifting in a Polar Region: Hydrothermal Activity in Bransfield Strait, Antarctica", "uid": "p0000622", "west": -70.90664}, {"awards": "9811427 Felbeck, Horst", "bounds_geometry": null, "dataset_titles": "Expedition data of LMG9902", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "002716", "doi": null, "keywords": null, "people": null, "repository": "R2R", "science_program": null, "title": "Expedition data of LMG9902", "url": "https://www.rvdata.us/search/cruise/LMG9902"}], "date_created": "Tue, 04 May 2010 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Deception Island is a flooded caldera in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The most recent eruption was in the 1970s causing the formation of new islands in the caldera and various other structures. It harbors many hot springs and fumaroles submerged in the caldera and intertidally. Sulfide and methane are prominent chemicals in the outflowing waters. Bacterial densities in the caldera reach unusually high values probably due to the input of reduced chemicals as energy sources. The environment around the springs resembles that found at hydrothermal vents where whole communities are based on the input of chemical energy by the hot waters. Similarities to hydrothermal vent environments include cold waters surrounding the hot springs resulting in large distances to the next warm water habitat and a lack of external food sources. The latter is due to ice cover during winter at Deception Island and the large distance to the euphotic zone at the vent sites. These parameters encourage the evolution of alternative ways to support life such as the establishment of a bacterial symbiosis. This Small Grant for Exploratory Research project will focus on an examination of the warm springs around Deception Island for the presence of marine invertebrates with chemoautotrophic symbionts. Maps will be made of any submerged fumaroles and of warm and hot springs in the intertidal zone. If animals are found near the fumaroles or in the hot springs, specimens will be collected. Collected specimens will be examined for the presence of chemoautotrophic bacteria and other adaptations to a hot sulfide- and methane-rich environment using enzyme text experimental incubations to analyze metabolic pathways and microscopic examination.", "east": null, "geometry": null, "instruments": null, "is_usap_dc": false, "keywords": "R/V LMG", "locations": null, "north": null, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "Smith, Ken", "platforms": "WATER-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e VESSELS \u003e SURFACE \u003e R/V LMG", "repo": "R2R", "repositories": "R2R", "science_programs": null, "south": null, "title": "Adaptations of Organisms at the Sulfide- and Methane-Containing Hydrothermal Areas of Deception Island, Antarctica", "uid": "p0000868", "west": null}, {"awards": "0230348 Dunbar, Nelia; 0230021 Sowers, Todd; 0230316 White, James", "bounds_geometry": "POINT(135.1333 -76.05)", "dataset_titles": "Mount Moulton Isotopes and Other Ice Core Data", "datasets": [{"dataset_uid": "609640", "doi": "10.7265/N5FT8J0N", "keywords": "Antarctica; Chemistry:ice; Chemistry:Ice; Epica Dome C; Geochemistry; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Records; Isotope; Lake Vostok; Mount Moulton; Paleoclimate; Talos Dome; Taylor Dome", "people": "White, James; Popp, Trevor; Steig, Eric J.", "repository": "USAP-DC", "science_program": null, "title": "Mount Moulton Isotopes and Other Ice Core Data", "url": "https://www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/609640"}], "date_created": "Tue, 01 Aug 2006 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The summit crater of Mt. Moulton, in West Antarctica, contains a 600-m thick horizontally-exposed section of ice with intercalated tephra layers from nearby Mt Berlin. Argon-40/Argon-39 dating of the thick, near-source tephra indicates that the age of the horizontal ice section ranges between 15,000 and 492,000 years. Thus, the Mt Moulton site offers an unparalleled repository of ancient West Antarctic snow and trapped air that can be used to investigate West Antarctic climate over much of the past 500,000 years. The planar nature and consistent dips of the tephra layers suggests that, although the ice section has thinned, it is otherwise undeformed. The Mt. Moulton site was visited during the 1999/2000 field season, at which time a horizontal ice core representing approximately 400 meters of ice was collected, ranging in age from 15,000 to older than 480,000 years. In addition to this horizontal core, samples of ice at a range of depths were collected in order to test the quality of the climate record in the ice. Forty tephra layers intercalated in the ice were also collected in order to provide chronology for the ice section. The results of this first effort are extremely encouraging. Based on the d?18 O of ice, for example, there is clearly a useable record of past climate at Mt. Moulton extending back beyond 140,000 years. There is work to do, however, to realize the full potential of this horizontal ice core. The elemental and isotopic composition of trapped gases suggest some contamination with modern air, for example. As gas cross-dating of ice cores is the current standard by which climate records are intercompared, we need to understand why and how the gas record is compromised before adding Moulton to our arsenal of ice core paleoclimate records. This award supports a collaborative effort between three institutions with following objectives: 1) to evaluate more thoroughly the integrity of the climatic record through shallow drilling of the blue ice area, as well as the snow field upslope from the blue ice; 2) to improve the radioisotopic dating of specific tephra layers; 3) to obtain baseline information about modern snowfall deposition, mean annual temperature, and wind pumping around the summit of Mt. Moulton; and 4) to study how firn densification differs when surface accumulation changes from net accumulation to net ablation.", "east": 135.1333, "geometry": "POINT(135.1333 -76.05)", "instruments": "IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e SPECTROMETERS/RADIOMETERS \u003e MASS SPECTROMETERS; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e CORERS \u003e CORING DEVICES; IN SITU/LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS \u003e PROBES \u003e ELECTRON MICROPROBES", "is_usap_dc": true, "keywords": "LABORATORY; Climate; Argon-40; 40Ar; Argon-39; FIELD SURVEYS; Chronology; Ice Core Gas Age; Gas Record; Ice Core; FIELD INVESTIGATION; Tephra; Mount Moulton; Not provided; Caldera; 39Ar; Stratigraphy; Ice Core Depth", "locations": "Mount Moulton", "north": -76.05, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology", "paleo_time": null, "persons": "White, James; Popp, Trevor; Dunbar, Nelia; Sowers, Todd A.; Steig, Eric J.", "platforms": "LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD INVESTIGATION; LAND-BASED PLATFORMS \u003e FIELD SITES \u003e FIELD SURVEYS; Not provided; OTHER \u003e PHYSICAL MODELS \u003e LABORATORY", "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -76.05, "title": "Collaborative Research: Refining a 500-kry Climate Record From the Moulton Blue Ice Field in West Antarctica", "uid": "p0000755", "west": 135.1333}]
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| Project Title/Abstract/Map | NSF Award(s) | Date Created | PIs / Scientists | Dataset Links and Repositories | Abstract | Bounds Geometry | Geometry | Selected | Visible | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Heat and Chemical Exchange During the Early Stages of Backarc Rifting in a Polar Region: Hydrothermal Activity in Bransfield Strait, Antarctica
|
9725972 |
2010-05-04 | Klinkhammer, Gary |
|
NSF FORM 1358 (1/94) This award, provided by the Office of Polar Programs of the National Science Foundation, supports research to investigate hydrothermal venting in Bransfield Strait, between the South Shetland Islands and the Antarctic Peninsula. Previous exploratory work in the Strait identified several sites where hot hydrothermal fluids emanate from the sea floor. These discoveries were made using an instrument package specially designed to detect and map the thermal and chemical anomalies that hydrothermal activity imparts on the overlying water column. Hydrothermal sites in the Strait range in water depth from <200 to 1300 meters and occur on the volcanic outcrops that periodically protrude through the sediment cover along the strike of the rift zone. These sites are alligned with the caldera at Deception Island which has active hot springs. These are the first submarine hydrothermal sites discovered in Antarctica and as such represent unique research opportunities. This project will return to the Strait to further map and sample these areas. There are several compelling reasons to believe that further exploration of vent systems in the Bransfield will yield exciting new information: (1) Bransfield Strait is a back-arc rift system and it is likely that the vent fluids and mineral deposits associated with venting in this setting are unlike anything sampled so far from submarine vents. (2) Preliminary evidence suggests that venting in the Bransfield occurs in two different volcanic substrates: andesite and rhyolite. This situation provides a natural laboratory for investigating the effects of substrate chemistry on vent fluid composition. (3) Bransfield Strait is isolated from the system of mid-ocean ridges and has a relatively short history of rifting (approximately 4 my). So, while the region straddles the Atlantic and Pacific, vent biota in the Strait may well have a distinct genealogy. Biochemical information on vent species in the Bransfield will add to our knowledge of the dispersal of life in the deep ocean. In the past such discoveries have led to the identification of new species and the isolation of previously unknown biochemical compounds. (4) The fire and ice environments of hydrothermal sites in the Bransfield may prove to be the closest analog for primordial environments on Earth and extraterrestrial bodies. The Bransfield Strait is one of the most productive areas of the world's oceans and lies close to the Antarctic continent, far removed from the mid-ocean ridge system. The combination of organic-rich sediment and heat produced by volcanism in this back- arc setting creates a situation conducive to unusual fluids, unique vent biota, and exotic hydrothermal deposits. Collaborative awards: OPP 9725972 and OPP 9813450 | POLYGON((-70.90664 -52.35256,-69.221316 -52.35256,-67.535992 -52.35256,-65.850668 -52.35256,-64.165344 -52.35256,-62.48002 -52.35256,-60.794696 -52.35256,-59.109372 -52.35256,-57.424048 -52.35256,-55.738724 -52.35256,-54.0534 -52.35256,-54.0534 -53.399775,-54.0534 -54.44699,-54.0534 -55.494205,-54.0534 -56.54142,-54.0534 -57.588635,-54.0534 -58.63585,-54.0534 -59.683065,-54.0534 -60.73028,-54.0534 -61.777495,-54.0534 -62.82471,-55.738724 -62.82471,-57.424048 -62.82471,-59.109372 -62.82471,-60.794696 -62.82471,-62.48002 -62.82471,-64.165344 -62.82471,-65.850668 -62.82471,-67.535992 -62.82471,-69.221316 -62.82471,-70.90664 -62.82471,-70.90664 -61.777495,-70.90664 -60.73028,-70.90664 -59.683065,-70.90664 -58.63585,-70.90664 -57.588635,-70.90664 -56.54142,-70.90664 -55.494205,-70.90664 -54.44699,-70.90664 -53.399775,-70.90664 -52.35256)) | POINT(-62.48002 -57.588635) | false | false | |||
|
Adaptations of Organisms at the Sulfide- and Methane-Containing Hydrothermal Areas of Deception Island, Antarctica
|
9811427 |
2010-05-04 | Smith, Ken |
|
Deception Island is a flooded caldera in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The most recent eruption was in the 1970s causing the formation of new islands in the caldera and various other structures. It harbors many hot springs and fumaroles submerged in the caldera and intertidally. Sulfide and methane are prominent chemicals in the outflowing waters. Bacterial densities in the caldera reach unusually high values probably due to the input of reduced chemicals as energy sources. The environment around the springs resembles that found at hydrothermal vents where whole communities are based on the input of chemical energy by the hot waters. Similarities to hydrothermal vent environments include cold waters surrounding the hot springs resulting in large distances to the next warm water habitat and a lack of external food sources. The latter is due to ice cover during winter at Deception Island and the large distance to the euphotic zone at the vent sites. These parameters encourage the evolution of alternative ways to support life such as the establishment of a bacterial symbiosis. This Small Grant for Exploratory Research project will focus on an examination of the warm springs around Deception Island for the presence of marine invertebrates with chemoautotrophic symbionts. Maps will be made of any submerged fumaroles and of warm and hot springs in the intertidal zone. If animals are found near the fumaroles or in the hot springs, specimens will be collected. Collected specimens will be examined for the presence of chemoautotrophic bacteria and other adaptations to a hot sulfide- and methane-rich environment using enzyme text experimental incubations to analyze metabolic pathways and microscopic examination. | None | None | false | false | |||
|
Collaborative Research: Refining a 500-kry Climate Record From the Moulton Blue Ice Field in West Antarctica
|
0230348 0230021 0230316 |
2006-08-01 | White, James; Popp, Trevor; Dunbar, Nelia; Sowers, Todd A.; Steig, Eric J. |
|
The summit crater of Mt. Moulton, in West Antarctica, contains a 600-m thick horizontally-exposed section of ice with intercalated tephra layers from nearby Mt Berlin. Argon-40/Argon-39 dating of the thick, near-source tephra indicates that the age of the horizontal ice section ranges between 15,000 and 492,000 years. Thus, the Mt Moulton site offers an unparalleled repository of ancient West Antarctic snow and trapped air that can be used to investigate West Antarctic climate over much of the past 500,000 years. The planar nature and consistent dips of the tephra layers suggests that, although the ice section has thinned, it is otherwise undeformed. The Mt. Moulton site was visited during the 1999/2000 field season, at which time a horizontal ice core representing approximately 400 meters of ice was collected, ranging in age from 15,000 to older than 480,000 years. In addition to this horizontal core, samples of ice at a range of depths were collected in order to test the quality of the climate record in the ice. Forty tephra layers intercalated in the ice were also collected in order to provide chronology for the ice section. The results of this first effort are extremely encouraging. Based on the d?18 O of ice, for example, there is clearly a useable record of past climate at Mt. Moulton extending back beyond 140,000 years. There is work to do, however, to realize the full potential of this horizontal ice core. The elemental and isotopic composition of trapped gases suggest some contamination with modern air, for example. As gas cross-dating of ice cores is the current standard by which climate records are intercompared, we need to understand why and how the gas record is compromised before adding Moulton to our arsenal of ice core paleoclimate records. This award supports a collaborative effort between three institutions with following objectives: 1) to evaluate more thoroughly the integrity of the climatic record through shallow drilling of the blue ice area, as well as the snow field upslope from the blue ice; 2) to improve the radioisotopic dating of specific tephra layers; 3) to obtain baseline information about modern snowfall deposition, mean annual temperature, and wind pumping around the summit of Mt. Moulton; and 4) to study how firn densification differs when surface accumulation changes from net accumulation to net ablation. | POINT(135.1333 -76.05) | POINT(135.1333 -76.05) | false | false |
