USAP-DC

{"dp_type": "Dataset", "free_text": "Macroalgae"}

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The amphipods were collected from the brown macroalga Desmarestia menziesii and placed into experimental containers (5-gallon buckets) for 5-6 weeks (experimental period significantly shortened by COVID complications). D. menziesii was also present in the buckets and the density of amphipods on the macroalgae was the same as it was in the field collections. The dataset includes counts of amphipods in the initial conditions and at the end of the experiment from the three pH levels.", "east": -64.05, "geometry": ["POINT(-64.055 -64.765)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Palmer Station", "locations": "Palmer Station; Antarctica", "north": -64.76, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems", "persons": "Amsler, Charles", "project_titles": "Assemblage-wide effects of ocean acidification and ocean warming on ecologically important macroalgal-associated crustaceans in Antarctica", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010193", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Assemblage-wide effects of ocean acidification and ocean warming on ecologically important macroalgal-associated crustaceans in Antarctica"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -64.77, "title": "Amphipod counts from 2020 ocean acidification experiment", "uid": "601702", "west": -64.06}, {"awards": "1744602 Iken, Katrin", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-68 -64.5,-67.5 -64.5,-67 -64.5,-66.5 -64.5,-66 -64.5,-65.5 -64.5,-65 -64.5,-64.5 -64.5,-64 -64.5,-63.5 -64.5,-63 -64.5,-63 -64.95,-63 -65.4,-63 -65.85,-63 -66.3,-63 -66.75,-63 -67.2,-63 -67.65,-63 -68.1,-63 -68.55,-63 -69,-63.5 -69,-64 -69,-64.5 -69,-65 -69,-65.5 -69,-66 -69,-66.5 -69,-67 -69,-67.5 -69,-68 -69,-68 -68.55,-68 -68.1,-68 -67.65,-68 -67.2,-68 -66.75,-68 -66.3,-68 -65.85,-68 -65.4,-68 -64.95,-68 -64.5))"], "date_created": "Tue, 10 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The purpose of this dataset was to determine the importance of macroalgal primary producers to the coastal invertebrate food webs along a gradient of sites with increasing mean annual sea ice cover. This dataset contains the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope values, in addition to carbon and nitrogen content, of various coastal primary producers and invertebrate consumers from 15 stations along the Antarctic Peninsula from 64 to 69 degree latitude south collected in 2019. Primary producers included multiple species of macroalgae, particulate organic matter (POM) as a proxy of phytoplankton production, and benthic diatoms (where they occurred). Consumers included various benthic invertebrates of different feeding types, from suspension feeders (like sponges and ascidians) to predators/omnivores (like sea stars). ", "east": -63.0, "geometry": ["POINT(-65.5 -66.75)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Antarctic Peninsula; Biota; Carbon; Carbon Isotopes; LMG1904; Nitrogen Isotopes; Oceans", "locations": "Antarctic Peninsula; Antarctica", "north": -64.5, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems", "persons": "Iken, Katrin", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Sea ice as a driver of Antarctic benthic macroalgal community composition and nearshore trophic connectivity", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010104", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Sea ice as a driver of Antarctic benthic macroalgal community composition and nearshore trophic connectivity"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -69.0, "title": "Carbon and nitrogen isotope data along a gradient at the Antarctic Peninsula", "uid": "601653", "west": -68.0}, {"awards": "1341339 Baker, Bill; 1341333 McClintock, James", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-64.36222 -64.72805,-64.325105 -64.72805,-64.28799 -64.72805,-64.250875 -64.72805,-64.21376 -64.72805,-64.176645 -64.72805,-64.13953 -64.72805,-64.102415 -64.72805,-64.0653 -64.72805,-64.028185 -64.72805,-63.99107 -64.72805,-63.99107 -64.74691299999999,-63.99107 -64.765776,-63.99107 -64.784639,-63.99107 -64.803502,-63.99107 -64.82236499999999,-63.99107 -64.841228,-63.99107 -64.860091,-63.99107 -64.878954,-63.99107 -64.897817,-63.99107 -64.91668,-64.028185 -64.91668,-64.0653 -64.91668,-64.102415 -64.91668,-64.13953 -64.91668,-64.176645 -64.91668,-64.21376 -64.91668,-64.250875 -64.91668,-64.28799 -64.91668,-64.325105 -64.91668,-64.36222 -64.91668,-64.36222 -64.897817,-64.36222 -64.878954,-64.36222 -64.860091,-64.36222 -64.841228,-64.36222 -64.82236499999999,-64.36222 -64.803502,-64.36222 -64.784639,-64.36222 -64.765776,-64.36222 -64.74691299999999,-64.36222 -64.72805))"], "date_created": "Tue, 22 Nov 2022 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Data and R code from Sabrina Heiser\u0027s study of the reproductive system of Plocamium sp. in the Palmer Station region.", "east": -63.99107, "geometry": ["POINT(-64.176645 -64.82236499999999)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Benthic; Biota; Macroalgae; Population Genetics", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -64.72805, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems; Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems", "persons": "Amsler, Charles", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula - continuing", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010016", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula - continuing"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -64.91668, "title": "Plocamium reproductive system data and R code", "uid": "601622", "west": -64.36222}, {"awards": "1341333 McClintock, James; 1341339 Baker, Bill", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-64.3622 -64.72805,-64.325087 -64.72805,-64.287974 -64.72805,-64.250861 -64.72805,-64.213748 -64.72805,-64.176635 -64.72805,-64.139522 -64.72805,-64.102409 -64.72805,-64.065296 -64.72805,-64.028183 -64.72805,-63.99107 -64.72805,-63.99107 -64.74691299999999,-63.99107 -64.765776,-63.99107 -64.784639,-63.99107 -64.803502,-63.99107 -64.82236499999999,-63.99107 -64.841228,-63.99107 -64.860091,-63.99107 -64.878954,-63.99107 -64.897817,-63.99107 -64.91668,-64.028183 -64.91668,-64.065296 -64.91668,-64.102409 -64.91668,-64.139522 -64.91668,-64.176635 -64.91668,-64.213748 -64.91668,-64.250861 -64.91668,-64.287974 -64.91668,-64.325087 -64.91668,-64.3622 -64.91668,-64.3622 -64.897817,-64.3622 -64.878954,-64.3622 -64.860091,-64.3622 -64.841228,-64.3622 -64.82236499999999,-64.3622 -64.803502,-64.3622 -64.784639,-64.3622 -64.765776,-64.3622 -64.74691299999999,-64.3622 -64.72805))"], "date_created": "Tue, 22 Nov 2022 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Data from Sabrina Heiser\u0027s study of Plocamium sp. benthic transect and transplant studies. ", "east": -63.99107, "geometry": ["POINT(-64.176635 -64.82236499999999)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Benthic; Biota; Macroalgae; Mesograzer; Microscopy; Oceans; Secondary Metabolites", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -64.72805, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems; Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems", "persons": "Amsler, Charles", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula - continuing", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010016", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula - continuing"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -64.91668, "title": "Plocamium transect and transplant data", "uid": "601621", "west": -64.3622}, {"awards": "1744550 Amsler, Charles; 1744570 Galloway, Aaron; 1744602 Iken, Katrin; 1744584 Klein, Andrew", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-67.77137 -64.77195,-67.3795463 -64.77195,-66.9877226 -64.77195,-66.59589890000001 -64.77195,-66.2040752 -64.77195,-65.8122515 -64.77195,-65.4204278 -64.77195,-65.0286041 -64.77195,-64.6367804 -64.77195,-64.2449567 -64.77195,-63.853133 -64.77195,-63.853133 -65.16396350000001,-63.853133 -65.555977,-63.853133 -65.9479905,-63.853133 -66.34000400000001,-63.853133 -66.73201750000001,-63.853133 -67.124031,-63.853133 -67.5160445,-63.853133 -67.90805800000001,-63.853133 -68.3000715,-63.853133 -68.692085,-64.2449567 -68.692085,-64.6367804 -68.692085,-65.0286041 -68.692085,-65.4204278 -68.692085,-65.8122515 -68.692085,-66.2040752 -68.692085,-66.59589890000001 -68.692085,-66.9877226 -68.692085,-67.3795463 -68.692085,-67.77137 -68.692085,-67.77137 -68.3000715,-67.77137 -67.90805800000001,-67.77137 -67.5160445,-67.77137 -67.124031,-67.77137 -66.73201750000001,-67.77137 -66.34000400000001,-67.77137 -65.9479905,-67.77137 -65.555977,-67.77137 -65.16396350000001,-67.77137 -64.77195))"], "date_created": "Thu, 17 Nov 2022 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This dataset consists of a file with results of community analyses from underwater video transects along the benthos at 14 sites between the Joubin Islands in the north and the Terra Firma Islands in the south. ", "east": -63.853133, "geometry": ["POINT(-65.8122515 -66.73201750000001)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Antarctic Peninsula; Benthic Communities; Biota; Macroalgae; Macroinvertebrates; Oceans; Video Transects", "locations": "Antarctic Peninsula; Antarctic Peninsula; Antarctica; Antarctica", "north": -64.77195, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems; Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems; Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems; Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems", "persons": "Amsler, Charles", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Sea ice as a driver of Antarctic benthic macroalgal community composition and nearshore trophic connectivity", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010104", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Sea ice as a driver of Antarctic benthic macroalgal community composition and nearshore trophic connectivity"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -68.692085, "title": "Underwater video transect community analysis data", "uid": "601619", "west": -67.77137}, {"awards": "1744550 Amsler, Charles", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-67.77137 -64.77195,-67.3795463 -64.77195,-66.9877226 -64.77195,-66.59589890000001 -64.77195,-66.2040752 -64.77195,-65.8122515 -64.77195,-65.4204278 -64.77195,-65.0286041 -64.77195,-64.6367804 -64.77195,-64.2449567 -64.77195,-63.853133 -64.77195,-63.853133 -65.16396350000001,-63.853133 -65.555977,-63.853133 -65.9479905,-63.853133 -66.34000400000001,-63.853133 -66.73201750000001,-63.853133 -67.124031,-63.853133 -67.5160445,-63.853133 -67.90805800000001,-63.853133 -68.3000715,-63.853133 -68.692085,-64.2449567 -68.692085,-64.6367804 -68.692085,-65.0286041 -68.692085,-65.4204278 -68.692085,-65.8122515 -68.692085,-66.2040752 -68.692085,-66.59589890000001 -68.692085,-66.9877226 -68.692085,-67.3795463 -68.692085,-67.77137 -68.692085,-67.77137 -68.3000715,-67.77137 -67.90805800000001,-67.77137 -67.5160445,-67.77137 -67.124031,-67.77137 -66.73201750000001,-67.77137 -66.34000400000001,-67.77137 -65.9479905,-67.77137 -65.555977,-67.77137 -65.16396350000001,-67.77137 -64.77195))"], "date_created": "Fri, 23 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This dataset consists of underwater videos of transects along the benthos at 14 sites between the Joubin Islands in the north and the Terra Firma Islands in the south. These were used for community analyses of the benthic communities. ", "east": -63.853133, "geometry": ["POINT(-65.8122515 -66.73201750000001)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Antarctic Peninsula; Benthic Communities; Biota; Macroalgae; Macroinvertebrates; Oceans; Video Transects", "locations": "Antarctic Peninsula; Antarctica", "north": -64.77195, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems", "persons": "Amsler, Charles", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Sea ice as a driver of Antarctic benthic macroalgal community composition and nearshore trophic connectivity", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010104", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Sea ice as a driver of Antarctic benthic macroalgal community composition and nearshore trophic connectivity"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -68.692085, "title": "Underwater transect videos used for community analyses", "uid": "601610", "west": -67.77137}, {"awards": "1341339 Baker, Bill; 1341333 McClintock, James", "bounds_geometry": null, "date_created": "Tue, 15 Mar 2022 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This file represents the raw gastropod count data used for the analyses in Amsler et al. 2022, Antarctic Science. See the methods there in the main text and supplementary material for specifics on collections and exact coordinates of the collection sites. ", "east": null, "geometry": null, "keywords": "Antarctica; Benthos; Palmer Station", "locations": "Palmer Station; Antarctica", "north": null, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems; Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems", "persons": "Amsler, Charles", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula - continuing", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010016", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula - continuing"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": null, "title": "Raw gastropod collection data from Amsler et al. 2022 Antarctic Science", "uid": "601533", "west": null}, {"awards": "1341339 Baker, Bill", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-64.03 -64.254,-64.0286 -64.254,-64.0272 -64.254,-64.0258 -64.254,-64.0244 -64.254,-64.023 -64.254,-64.0216 -64.254,-64.0202 -64.254,-64.0188 -64.254,-64.0174 -64.254,-64.016 -64.254,-64.016 -64.2543,-64.016 -64.2546,-64.016 -64.2549,-64.016 -64.2552,-64.016 -64.2555,-64.016 -64.2558,-64.016 -64.2561,-64.016 -64.2564,-64.016 -64.2567,-64.016 -64.257,-64.0174 -64.257,-64.0188 -64.257,-64.0202 -64.257,-64.0216 -64.257,-64.023 -64.257,-64.0244 -64.257,-64.0258 -64.257,-64.0272 -64.257,-64.0286 -64.257,-64.03 -64.257,-64.03 -64.2567,-64.03 -64.2564,-64.03 -64.2561,-64.03 -64.2558,-64.03 -64.2555,-64.03 -64.2552,-64.03 -64.2549,-64.03 -64.2546,-64.03 -64.2543,-64.03 -64.254))"], "date_created": "Wed, 09 Oct 2019 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Samples of the red alga Plocamium cartilagineum were collected from the area around Palmer Station, Antarctica, and characterized by gas chromatography for their secondary metabolite content. Patterns in secondary metabolite content were used to establish chemical phenotypes (chemotypes).", "east": -64.016, "geometry": ["POINT(-64.023 -64.2555)"], "keywords": "Algae; Antarctica; Biota; Chemical Ecology; Chemotyping; Halogenated Monoterpenes; Natural Products; Oceans; Palmer Station; Plocamium Cartilagineum; Southern Ocean; Terpenes", "locations": "Palmer Station; Southern Ocean; Antarctica; Palmer Station", "north": -64.254, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems", "persons": "Baker, Bill", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula - continuing", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010016", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula - continuing"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -64.257, "title": "Plocamium cartilagineum field chemotyping", "uid": "601215", "west": -64.03}, {"awards": "1341333 McClintock, James", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-65 -63,-64.8 -63,-64.6 -63,-64.4 -63,-64.2 -63,-64 -63,-63.8 -63,-63.6 -63,-63.4 -63,-63.2 -63,-63 -63,-63 -63.2,-63 -63.4,-63 -63.6,-63 -63.8,-63 -64,-63 -64.2,-63 -64.4,-63 -64.6,-63 -64.8,-63 -65,-63.2 -65,-63.4 -65,-63.6 -65,-63.8 -65,-64 -65,-64.2 -65,-64.4 -65,-64.6 -65,-64.8 -65,-65 -65,-65 -64.8,-65 -64.6,-65 -64.4,-65 -64.2,-65 -64,-65 -63.8,-65 -63.6,-65 -63.4,-65 -63.2,-65 -63))"], "date_created": "Mon, 04 Mar 2019 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "These three spreadsheets contain all the data used in Amsler et al. 2019. Impacts of macroalgal-associated gastropods on epiphytic microalgae on the ecologically important Antarctic brown alga Himantothallus grandifolius. Antarctic Science 31: doi:10.1017/S0954102019000014", "east": -63.0, "geometry": ["POINT(-64 -64)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Benthic; Biota; Macroalgae; Mesograzer; Microscopy; Oceans; Zooplankton", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -63.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems", "persons": "Amsler, Charles", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula - continuing", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010016", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula - continuing"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -65.0, "title": "Data from Amsler et al. 2019 Antarctic Science, doi:10.1017/S0954102019000014", "uid": "601159", "west": -65.0}, {"awards": "1041022 McClintock, James", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-79 -60,-76.4 -60,-73.8 -60,-71.2 -60,-68.6 -60,-66 -60,-63.4 -60,-60.8 -60,-58.2 -60,-55.6 -60,-53 -60,-53 -61,-53 -62,-53 -63,-53 -64,-53 -65,-53 -66,-53 -67,-53 -68,-53 -69,-53 -70,-55.6 -70,-58.2 -70,-60.8 -70,-63.4 -70,-66 -70,-68.6 -70,-71.2 -70,-73.8 -70,-76.4 -70,-79 -70,-79 -69,-79 -68,-79 -67,-79 -66,-79 -65,-79 -64,-79 -63,-79 -62,-79 -61,-79 -60))"], "date_created": "Thu, 01 Jan 2015 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The research will investigate the individual and combined effects of rising ocean acidification and sea surface temperatures on shallow-water calcified benthic organisms in western Antarctic Peninsular (WAP) marine communities. The Southern Ocean is predicted to become undersaturated in terms of both aragonite and calcite within 50 and 100 years, respectively, challenging calcification processes. Adding to the problem, antarctic calcified benthic marine organisms are more vulnerable to ocean acidification than temperate and tropical species because they are generally weakly calcified. Many antarctic organisms are essentially stenothermal, and those in the West Antarctic Peninsula are being subjected to rising seawater temperatures. The project employs both single-species and multi-species level approaches to evaluating the impacts of rising ocean acidification and seawater temperature on representative calcified and non-calcified macroalgae, on calcified and non-calcified mesograzers, and on a calcified macro-grazer, all of which are important ecological players in the rich benthic communities. Multi-species analysis will focus on the diverse assemblage of amphipods and mesogastropods that are associated with dominant macroalgae that collectively play a key role in community dynamics along the WAP. The project will support undergraduate research, both through NSF programs, as well as home university-based programs, some designed to enhance the representation of minorities in the sciences. The principal investigators also will support and foster graduate education through mentoring of graduate students. Through their highly successful UAB IN ANTARCTICA interactive web program, they will continue to involve large numbers of teachers, K-12 students, and other members of the community at large in their scientific endeavors in Antarctica.", "east": -53.0, "geometry": ["POINT(-66 -65)"], "keywords": "Antarctic Peninsula; Biota; Oceans; Southern Ocean", "locations": "Antarctic Peninsula; Southern Ocean", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": null, "persons": "McClintock, James; Amsler, Charles; Angus, Robert", "project_titles": "The effects of ocean acidification and rising sea surface temperatures on shallow-water benthic organisms in Antarctica", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000426", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "The effects of ocean acidification and rising sea surface temperatures on shallow-water benthic organisms in Antarctica"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -70.0, "title": "The effects of ocean acidification and rising sea surface temperatures on shallow-water benthic organisms in Antarctica", "uid": "600122", "west": -79.0}, {"awards": "0838773 McClintock, James", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-79 -60,-76.4 -60,-73.8 -60,-71.2 -60,-68.6 -60,-66 -60,-63.4 -60,-60.8 -60,-58.2 -60,-55.6 -60,-53 -60,-53 -61,-53 -62,-53 -63,-53 -64,-53 -65,-53 -66,-53 -67,-53 -68,-53 -69,-53 -70,-55.6 -70,-58.2 -70,-60.8 -70,-63.4 -70,-66 -70,-68.6 -70,-71.2 -70,-73.8 -70,-76.4 -70,-79 -70,-79 -69,-79 -68,-79 -67,-79 -66,-79 -65,-79 -64,-79 -63,-79 -62,-79 -61,-79 -60))"], "date_created": "Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The near shore environments of the western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) harbor extremely high densities of mesograzers (small invertebrate predators approximately 1-25 mm in length) such as benthic amphipods, as well as rich assemblages of macroalgae, endophytes, and macroinvertebrates. Unlike temperate and tropical shallow marine environments, where fish and sea urchins are key grazers structuring the community, mesograzers appear to be much more important in the WAP. Accordingly, the proposed research has two main objectives: (1) To further investigate the interactions between the ecologically dominant large macrophytes, filamentous epi/endophytes, and mesograzers and (2) To determine the nature of interactions between mesograzers and sessile invertebrates. Specifically, the research will examine the following hypotheses: 1: The effects of endophytes on macrophytes are often negative, and consequently macrophytes defend against endophytic infection. 2: Mesoherbivores prevent filamentous algal species, common in the intertidal, from dominating subtidal assemblages. 3: Mesograzer predation pressure on sessile benthic macroinvertebrates, primarily sponges and tunicates, is greatest in shallow habitats dominated by macrophytes, and this impacts depth distributions of macroinvertebrate species. 4: Benthic macroinvertebrates may defend against mesograzers with secondary metabolites which effect molting and/or deter feeding. Broader impacts include involvement of undergraduates, including minorities, in research; training of graduate students, and continuation of the highly successful UAB IN ANTARCTICA interactive web program (two time recipient of awards of excellence from the US Council for Advancement and Support of Education). The researchers also will share their scientific endeavors with teachers, K-12 students, and other members of the community at large while in residence in Antarctica. In addition, the investigators will request the participation of a PolarTREC teacher.", "east": -53.0, "geometry": ["POINT(-66 -65)"], "keywords": "Algae; Antarctica; Antarctic Peninsula; Biota; Oceans; Southern Ocean", "locations": "Antarctic Peninsula; Antarctica; Southern Ocean", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": null, "persons": "McClintock, James; Amsler, Charles", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula; Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula - continuing", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000475", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula"}, {"proj_uid": "p0010016", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula - continuing"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -70.0, "title": "The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula", "uid": "600095", "west": -79.0}, {"awards": "0838776 Baker, Bill", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60))"], "date_created": "Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The near shore environments of the western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) harbor extremely high densities of mesograzers (small invertebrate predators approximately 1-25 mm in length) such as benthic amphipods, as well as rich assemblages of macroalgae, endophytes, and macroinvertebrates. Unlike temperate and tropical shallow marine environments, where fish and sea urchins are key grazers structuring the community, mesograzers appear to be much more important in the WAP. Accordingly, the proposed research has two main objectives: (1) To further investigate the interactions between the ecologically dominant large macrophytes, filamentous epi/endophytes, and mesograzers and (2) To determine the nature of interactions between mesograzers and sessile invertebrates. Specifically, the research will examine the following hypotheses: 1: The effects of endophytes on macrophytes are often negative, and consequently macrophytes defend against endophytic infection. 2: Mesoherbivores prevent filamentous algal species, common in the intertidal, from dominating subtidal assemblages. 3: Mesograzer predation pressure on sessile benthic macroinvertebrates, primarily sponges and tunicates, is greatest in shallow habitats dominated by macrophytes, and this impacts depth distributions of macroinvertebrate species. 4: Benthic macroinvertebrates may defend against mesograzers with secondary metabolites which effect molting and/or deter feeding. Broader impacts include involvement of undergraduates, including minorities, in research; training of graduate students, and continuation of the highly successful UAB IN ANTARCTICA interactive web program (two time recipient of awards of excellence from the US Council for Advancement and Support of Education). The researchers also will share their scientific endeavors with teachers, K-12 students, and other members of the community at large while in residence in Antarctica. In addition, the investigators will request the participation of a PolarTREC teacher.", "east": 180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -89.999)"], "keywords": "Algae; Antarctica; Antarctic Peninsula; Biota; Oceans; Southern Ocean", "locations": "Antarctic Peninsula; Southern Ocean; Antarctica", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": null, "persons": "Baker, Bill", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula; Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula - continuing", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010016", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula - continuing"}, {"proj_uid": "p0000475", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula", "uid": "600096", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "0442857 Baker, Bill", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-65 -63,-64.8 -63,-64.6 -63,-64.4 -63,-64.2 -63,-64 -63,-63.8 -63,-63.6 -63,-63.4 -63,-63.2 -63,-63 -63,-63 -63.2,-63 -63.4,-63 -63.6,-63 -63.8,-63 -64,-63 -64.2,-63 -64.4,-63 -64.6,-63 -64.8,-63 -65,-63.2 -65,-63.4 -65,-63.6 -65,-63.8 -65,-64 -65,-64.2 -65,-64.4 -65,-64.6 -65,-64.8 -65,-65 -65,-65 -64.8,-65 -64.6,-65 -64.4,-65 -64.2,-65 -64,-65 -63.8,-65 -63.6,-65 -63.4,-65 -63.2,-65 -63))"], "date_created": "Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Mesoherbivores, and specifically amphipods, are a conspicuous and dominant component of the macroalgal community in Antarctica. Despite their high abundance, the functional ecology, and particularly the trophic relationships of Antarctic amphipods are poorly understood. This project will evaluate the importance of mesograzers (small invertebrate predators approximately 1 to 25 mm in body length) in western Antarctic Peninsula marine communities. This will be accomplished by examining the role of mesoherbivores in structuring macroalgal communities and by elucidating the ecological interactions of mesograzers with a dominant group of benthic macroinvertebrates, the marine sponges. Moreover, chemical studies will be conducted to gain a more thorough understanding of the chemical defenses that Antarctic Peninsula sponges direct towards crustacean mesograzers. Three sets of questions will be addressed concerning the importance of mesograzers, and amphipods in particular, in nearshore habitats of the western Antarctic Peninsula. First, the hypothesis that mesoherbivory is particularly heavy in western Antarctic Peninsula marine communities and has an important influence on algal community structure will be addressed. Initial studies will document which species of amphipods feed in whole or part on microalgae and macroalgae, the incidence and distribution of filamentous endophytes in dominant macroalgae, comparative night time patterns of amphipod abundances on macrophytes, and the role of chemical mediation in these relationships. Second, the broad hypothesis that mesograzers in general, and amphipods in particular, interact with and prey upon sponges to a greater extent than heretofore recognized in Antarctic communities will be tested. The functional basis of these associations will be considered by examining whether the sponges are used as prey, and if so, whether there is evidence that some sponges produce secondary metabolites that show efficacy against mesograzers such as amphipods. Third, the researchers will test the hypotheses that: 1) Antarctic algae and invertebrates biosynthesize secondary metabolites that deter feeding by amphipod predators; and 2) pigments found in three Antarctic sponges are tryptophan catabolites produced as defenses against crustacean predators that impact molting. Evaluation of these hypotheses will be based on isolation and characterization of the specific anti-feeding metabolites, on biosynthetic studies to establish the metabolic origin of the pigments, and on bioassays to establish the chemical defense roles of both groups of compounds. A variety of educational activities will be a major component of this project. Opportunities will be made to support graduate and undergraduate research, both through NSF programs as well as home university-based programs including a number of funded programs that enhance the representation of minorities in the sciences. Through their proven and highly successful interactive web program, the investigators will continue to involve a large numbers of teachers, K-12 students, and other members of the community at large in their scientific endeavors in Antarctica. Moreover, they will actively participate in outreach efforts by presenting numerous talks on their research to school and community groups.", "east": -63.0, "geometry": ["POINT(-64 -64)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Biota; Oceans; Southern Ocean", "locations": "Antarctica; Southern Ocean", "north": -63.0, "nsf_funding_programs": null, "persons": "Baker, Bill", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula; Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula - continuing", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000475", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula"}, {"proj_uid": "p0010016", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula - continuing"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -65.0, "title": "The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula", "uid": "600047", "west": -65.0}, {"awards": "0442769 McClintock, James", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-64.15 -64.78,-64.132 -64.78,-64.114 -64.78,-64.096 -64.78,-64.078 -64.78,-64.06 -64.78,-64.042 -64.78,-64.024 -64.78,-64.006 -64.78,-63.988 -64.78,-63.97 -64.78,-63.97 -64.784,-63.97 -64.788,-63.97 -64.792,-63.97 -64.796,-63.97 -64.8,-63.97 -64.804,-63.97 -64.808,-63.97 -64.812,-63.97 -64.816,-63.97 -64.82,-63.988 -64.82,-64.006 -64.82,-64.024 -64.82,-64.042 -64.82,-64.06 -64.82,-64.078 -64.82,-64.096 -64.82,-64.114 -64.82,-64.132 -64.82,-64.15 -64.82,-64.15 -64.816,-64.15 -64.812,-64.15 -64.808,-64.15 -64.804,-64.15 -64.8,-64.15 -64.796,-64.15 -64.792,-64.15 -64.788,-64.15 -64.784,-64.15 -64.78))"], "date_created": "Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Mesoherbivores, and specifically amphipods, are a conspicuous and dominant component of the macroalgal community in Antarctica. Despite their high abundance, the functional ecology, and particularly the trophic relationships of Antarctic amphipods are poorly understood. This project will evaluate the importance of mesograzers (small invertebrate predators approximately 1 to 25 mm in body length) in western Antarctic Peninsula marine communities. This will be accomplished by examining the role of mesoherbivores in structuring macroalgal communities and by elucidating the ecological interactions of mesograzers with a dominant group of benthic macroinvertebrates, the marine sponges. Moreover, chemical studies will be conducted to gain a more thorough understanding of the chemical defenses that Antarctic Peninsula sponges direct towards crustacean mesograzers. Three sets of questions will be addressed concerning the importance of mesograzers, and amphipods in particular, in nearshore habitats of the western Antarctic Peninsula. First, the hypothesis that mesoherbivory is particularly heavy in western Antarctic Peninsula marine communities and has an important influence on algal community structure will be addressed. Initial studies will document which species of amphipods feed in whole or part on microalgae and macroalgae, the incidence and distribution of filamentous endophytes in dominant macroalgae, comparative night time patterns of amphipod abundances on macrophytes, and the role of chemical mediation in these relationships. Second, the broad hypothesis that mesograzers in general, and amphipods in particular, interact with and prey upon sponges to a greater extent than heretofore recognized in Antarctic communities will be tested. The functional basis of these associations will be considered by examining whether the sponges are used as prey, and if so, whether there is evidence that some sponges produce secondary metabolites that show efficacy against mesograzers such as amphipods. Third, the researchers will test the hypotheses that: 1) Antarctic algae and invertebrates biosynthesize secondary metabolites that deter feeding by amphipod predators; and 2) pigments found in three Antarctic sponges are tryptophan catabolites produced as defenses against crustacean predators that impact molting. Evaluation of these hypotheses will be based on isolation and characterization of the specific anti-feeding metabolites, on biosynthetic studies to establish the metabolic origin of the pigments, and on bioassays to establish the chemical defense roles of both groups of compounds. A variety of educational activities will be a major component of this project. Opportunities will be made to support graduate and undergraduate research, both through NSF programs as well as home university-based programs including a number of funded programs that enhance the representation of minorities in the sciences. Through their proven and highly successful interactive web program, the investigators will continue to involve a large numbers of teachers, K-12 students, and other members of the community at large in their scientific endeavors in Antarctica. Moreover, they will actively participate in outreach efforts by presenting numerous talks on their research to school and community groups.", "east": -63.97, "geometry": ["POINT(-64.06 -64.8)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Biota; Oceans; Southern Ocean", "locations": "Antarctica; Southern Ocean", "north": -64.78, "nsf_funding_programs": null, "persons": "McClintock, James; Amsler, Charles", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula; Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula - continuing", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000475", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula"}, {"proj_uid": "p0010016", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula - continuing"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -64.82, "title": "The Chemical Ecology of Shallow-water Marine Macroalgae and Invertebrates on the Antarctic Peninsula", "uid": "600046", "west": -64.15}]

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