USAP-DC

Sea-ice coverage surrounding Antarctica has expanded during the era of satellite observations, in contrast to rapidly shrinking Arctic sea ice. Most climate models predict Antarctic sea ice loss, rather than growth, indicating that there is much to learn about Antarctic sea ice in terms of its natural variability, processes and interactions affecting annual growth and retreat, and the impact of atmospheric factors such increasing greenhouse gases and stratospheric ozone depletion. This project is designed to improve model simulations of sea ice and examine the role of wind and wave forcing on changes in sea ice around Antarctica.

This project seeks to explain basic interactions of the coupled atmosphere, ocean, and ice dynamics in the Antarctic climate system, especially in the region near the sea ice edge. The summer evolution of sea ice cover and the near surface heat exchange of atmosphere and ocean depend on the geometric distribution of floes and the open water surrounding them. The distribution of floes has the greatest impact on the sea ice state in the marginal seas, where the distribution itself can vary rapidly. This project would develop and implement a model of sea ice floes in the Los Alamos sea ice model, known as CICE5. This sea ice component would be coupled to the third generation WaveWatch model within the Community Climate System Model Version 2. The coupled model would be used to study sea ice-wave interactions and the role of modeling sea ice floes in the Antarctic. The broader impacts of this project include outreach, support of female scientists, and improvement of the sea-ice codes in widely used climate models.

Person	Role
Bitz, Cecilia	Investigator and contact

Antarctic Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences

Award # 1643431

USAP-1643431_1

None in the Database

Repository	Title (link)	Format(s)	Status
Zenodo	Model output from experiments (IC4M1) described in Cooper et al 2022.	None	exists
Zenodo	Model output from experiments (IC4M2) described in Cooper et al 2022.	None	exists
Zenodo	Model output from experiments (IC4M3rad) described in Cooper et al 2022.	None	exists
Zenodo	Model output from experiments (IC4M4) described in Cooper et al 2022.	None	exists
Zenodo	Model output from experiments (IC4M5) described in Cooper et al 2022.	None	exists
Zenodo	Model output from experiments (IC4M7) described in Cooper et al 2022.	None	exists
Zenodo	Model output from experiments (FSD-M21) described in Cooper et al 2022.	None	exists
Zenodo	Analysis code, processed observational data and climate model output required to produce figures for Roach et al (2022)	None	exists
Zenodo	Model output: CICE experiments with varying floe and wave physics described in Roach et al. (2019)	None	exists
Zenodo	Model output: NEMO-CICE with an emergent sea ice floe size distribution described in Roach et al (2018)	None	exists

1. Roach, L.A., I. Eisenman, T.J. Wagner, E. Blanchard-Wrigglesworth, and C.M. Bitz, 2022: Asymmetry in the seasonal cycle of Antarctic sea ice due to insolation, Nature Geosciences. 15, 277-281. (doi:10.1038/s41561-022-00913-6)
2. Hahn, L. C., K.C. Armour, M.D. Zelinka, C. M. Bitz, and A. Donohoe, 2021: Contributions to Polar Amplification in CMIP5 and CMIP6 Models. 9. Frontiers in Earth Science, 9. 2296-6463. (doi:10.3389/feart.2021.710036)
3. Blanchard‐Wrigglesworth, E., A. Donohoe, L. A. Roach, A. DuVivier, and C. M. Bitz, 2021: High‐Frequency Sea Ice Variability in Observations and Models. 48. (14). Geophysical Research Letters, 48. 0094-8276. (doi:10.1029/2020GL092356)
4. Cooper, V.T., L.A. Roach, J. Thomson, S.D. Brenner, M.M. Smith, M.H. Meylan, & C.M. Bitz, 2022: Wind waves in sea ice of the Western Arctic and a global Coupled wave-ice model, submitted to Philosophical Transactions Royal Society A, in press. (doi:10.1098/rsta.2021.0258)
5. Horvat, Ch. and L.A. Roach, 2022: WIFF1.0: a hybrid machine-learning-based parameterization of wave-induced sea ice floe fracture. 15. (2). Geoscientific Model Development, 15. 1991-9603. (doi:10.5194/gmd-15-803-2022)
6. Hahn, L.C., K.C. Armour, D.S. Battisti, I. Eisenman, and C.M. Bitz, 2022: Seasonality in Arctic Warming Driven by Sea Ice Effective Heat Capacity, J. Climate, 35,1629-1642. (doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-21-0626.1)
7. Meylan M.H., C. Horvat, C.M. Bitz, and L.G. Bennetts, 2021 A floe size dependent scattering model in two- and three-dimensions for wave attenuation by ice floes. Ocean Modelling 161, 101779. (doi:10.1016/j.ocemod.2021.101779)
8. Hošeková, L., M.P. Malila, W.E. Rogers, L.A. Roach, E. Eidam, L. Rainville, N. Kumar, and J. Thomson, 2020: Attenuation of Ocean Surface Waves in Pancake and Frazil Sea Ice Along the Coast of the Chukchi Sea. 125. (12). Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 125. 2169-9275. (doi:10.1029/2020JC016746)
9. Roach, L.A., J. Dorr, C.R. Holmes, F. Massonnet, E.W. Blockley, D. Notz, T. Rackow, M.N. Raphael, S. O’Farrell, D.A. Bailey, C.M. Bitz, 2020: Antarctic Sea Ice Area in CMIP6, Geophys. Res. Lett. 47, e2019GL086729. (doi:10.1029/2019GL086729)
10. Roach, L.A., C.M. Bitz, C. Horvat, and S.M. Dean, 2019: Advances in modeling interactions between sea ice and ocean surface waves, J. Advances in Modeling the Earth System, 11, 4167-4181. (doi:10.1029/2019MS001836)
11. Horvat, C., L.A. Roach, R. Tilling, C.M. Bitz, B. Fox-Kemper, C. Guider, K. Hill, A. Ridout, and A. Shepherd, 2019: Estimating the sea ice floe size distribution using satellite altimetry: Theory, climatology, and model comparison, The Cryosphere, 13, 2869-2885. (doi:10.5194/tc-13-2869-2019)
12. Randall, D.A., C.M. Bitz, G. Danabasoglu, S. Denning, P. Gent, A. Gettelman, S. Griffies, P. Lynch, H. Morrison, R. Pincus, and J. Thuburn, 2019: 100 Years of Earth System Model Development. 59. Meteorological Monographs, 59. p. 12.1-12.66. (doi:10.1175/AMSMONOGRAPHS-D-18-0018.1)
13. Roach, L.A., C. Horvat, S. Dean, and C.M. Bitz, 2018: An emergent sea ice floe size distribution in a global coupled ocean-sea ice model, J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 123, 4322-4337. (doi:10.1029/2017JC013692)
14. Stuecker, M.F., C.M. Bitz, K.C. Armour, C. Proistosescu, S.M. Kang, S.-P. Xie, D. Kim, S. McGregor, W. Zhang, S. Zhao, W. Cai, Y. Dong, and F.-F. Jin, 2018: Polar amplification dominated by local forcing and feedbacks, Nature Climate Change, 8, 1076-1081. (doi:10.1038/s41558-018-0339-y)
15. Russell, J.L., Kamenkovich, I., Bitz, C.M., Ferrari, R., Gille, S. T., Goodman, P. J., Hallberg, R., Johnson, K., Khazmutdinova, K., Marinov, I., Mazloff, M., Riser, S, 2018: Metrics for the Evaluation of the Southern Ocean in Coupled Climate Models and Earth System Models Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 123, 3120-3143. (doi:10.1002/2017JC013461)
16. Cooper, V., Roach, L., Bitz, C., Brenner, S., & Thomson, J. (2021). Towards Validating Wave-Ice Interactions in Climate Models Using In Situ Observations. (doi:10.1002/essoar.10506174.1)
17. Horvat, C., Roach, L., Tilling, R., Bitz, C., Fox-Kemper, B., Guider, C., Hill, K., Ridout, A., & Sheperd, A. (2019). Estimating The Sea Ice Floe Size Distribution Using Satellite Altimetry: Theory, Climatology, and Model Comparison. (doi:10.5194/tc-2019-134)