USAP-DC

{"dp_type": "Dataset", "free_text": "South Pole"}

[{"awards": "1443397 Kreutz, Karl; 1443336 Osterberg, Erich; 1443663 Cole-Dai, Jihong; 1443105 Steig, Eric; 1141839 Steig, Eric", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(-99 -90)"], "date_created": "Fri, 01 Dec 2023 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This dataset includes all major ion chemistry data from the South Pole Ice Core as well as sea salt sodium data resampled at annual resolution. The development of this dataset is discussed in Winski et al. 2021. The chloride, nitrate, sulfate, magnesium and calcium data have not yet been published, nor has any data prior to the Holocene. Please contact the dataset authors if you have questions.", "east": -99.0, "geometry": ["POINT(-99 -90)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciology; Ice Core; Ice Core Chemistry; Ice Core Records; Major Ion; Sea Ice; Sea Salt; Sodium; South Pole; SPICEcore", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica; Antarctica", "north": -90.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Winski, Dominic A.", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: South Pole Ice Core Chronology and Climate Records using Chemical and Microparticle Measurements", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010051", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: South Pole Ice Core Chronology and Climate Records using Chemical and Microparticle Measurements"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "South Pole Ice Core Sea Salt and Major Ions", "uid": "601754", "west": -99.0}, {"awards": "2032473 Kurbatov, Andrei; 2032463 Talghader, Joseph", "bounds_geometry": null, "date_created": "Thu, 30 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This dataset includes visible-light and thermal imaging video of tap-water ice being cut with millisecond-range pulses of 1070 nm laser light, as well as stable isotope and chemical (commonly-used ion species) composition data of ice samples frozen from Fiji bottled water and South Pole 1980 meltwater. ", "east": null, "geometry": null, "keywords": "Antarctica; Sampling", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": null, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Instrumentation and Facilities; Antarctic Instrumentation and Facilities", "persons": "Mah, Merlin; Kurbatov, Andrei V.; Talghader, Joseph", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Laser Cutting Technology for Borehole Sampling", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010218", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Laser Cutting Technology for Borehole Sampling"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": null, "title": "Visual, thermal, chemical, and stable isotope effects of near-infrared laser cutting on freezer ice", "uid": "601753", "west": null}, {"awards": null, "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60))"], "date_created": "Fri, 13 Oct 2023 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Blue-ice areas (BIAs) and their geographical distribution in Antarctica were mapped using Landsat-7 ETM+ images with 15 m spatial resolution obtained during the 1999\u20132003 austral summers and covering the area north of 82.5\u00b0 S, and a snow grain-size image of the MODIS-based Mosaic of Antarctica (MOA) dataset with 125 m grid spacing acquired during the 2003/04 austral summer from 82.5\u00b0S to the South Pole. A map of BIAs was created with algorithms of thresholds based on band ratio and reflectance for ETM+ data and thresholds based on snow grain size for the MOA dataset. The underlying principle is that blue ice can be separated from snow or rock by their spectral discrepancies and by different grain sizes of snow and ice. We estimate the total area of BIAs in Antarctica during the data acquisition period is 234 549 km2, or 1.67% of the area of the continent. Blue ice is scattered widely over the continent but is generally located in coastal or mountainous regions. The BIA dataset presented in this study is the first map covering the entire Antarctic continent sourced solely from ETM+ and MODIS data. Support by National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant No. 41106157) and NASA grant NNX10AL42G (nsidc0549_hui_V0).", "east": 180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -89.999)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Blue Ice; GIS; Glaciology; LANDSAT; MODIS; Remote Sensing; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": null, "persons": "Hui, Fengming; Scambos, Ted", "project_titles": null, "projects": null, "repositories": null, "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "Distribution of blue ice areas in Antarctica derived from Landsat ETM+ and Modis images", "uid": "601742", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "1744649 Christianson, Knut", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-120 -85.5,-116.67 -85.5,-113.34 -85.5,-110.01 -85.5,-106.68 -85.5,-103.35 -85.5,-100.02000000000001 -85.5,-96.69 -85.5,-93.36 -85.5,-90.03 -85.5,-86.7 -85.5,-86.7 -85.95,-86.7 -86.4,-86.7 -86.85,-86.7 -87.3,-86.7 -87.75,-86.7 -88.2,-86.7 -88.65,-86.7 -89.1,-86.7 -89.55,-86.7 -90,-90.03 -90,-93.36 -90,-96.69 -90,-100.02 -90,-103.35 -90,-106.68 -90,-110.01 -90,-113.34 -90,-116.67 -90,-120 -90,-120 -89.55,-120 -89.1,-120 -88.65,-120 -88.2,-120 -87.75,-120 -87.3,-120 -86.85,-120 -86.4,-120 -85.95,-120 -85.5))"], "date_created": "Thu, 20 Jul 2023 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This dataset contains high-frequency impulse radar data collected by the United States portion of the International TransAntarctic Scientific Expedition (ITASE) 2001-2002 traverse from the vicinity of Hercules Dome, Antarctica to the South Pole. ", "east": -86.7, "geometry": ["POINT(-103.35 -87.75)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; GPR; Hercules Dome; Ice Penetrating Radar; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice", "locations": "Hercules Dome; Antarctica; Antarctica", "north": -85.5, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Hoffman, Andrew; Welch, Brian; Jacobel, Robert; Christianson, Knut", "project_titles": "Ice Dynamics at the Intersection of the West and East Antarctic Ice Sheets", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010359", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Ice Dynamics at the Intersection of the West and East Antarctic Ice Sheets"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "Hercules Dome Ice Core", "south": -90.0, "title": "ITASE Impulse Radar Hercules Dome to South Pole", "uid": "601712", "west": -120.0}, {"awards": "1443471 Koutnik, Michelle", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(137.04 -89.54)"], "date_created": "Tue, 18 Apr 2023 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This dataset comprises firn density and compaction rate measurements from USP50, a site 50km upstream of South Pole. (89.54 S, 137.04 E). Firn compaction rates were measured for two years (from January 2017 to December 2018) using string potentiometers to measure borehole shortening. Density measurements include field measurements from December 2016 and January 2017 as well as measurements made at the National Science Foundation Ice Core Facility (NSF-ICF) on a core that was returned to the U.S. for analysis. The dataset also includes measurements of (near-surface) temperature inside the boxes that housed the potentiometers. The raw data are voltage measurements from a datalogger. The dataset includes these raw data as well as processed data. It also includes the python script used to process the data and relevant files containing site and instrument specifications needed to process the data.", "east": 137.04, "geometry": ["POINT(137.04 -89.54)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Firn; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; South Pole; Temperature", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica; South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -89.54, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Stevens, Christopher Max; Lilien, David; Conway, Howard; Waddington, Edwin D.; Koutnik, Michelle; Fudge, T. J.", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Characterization of Upstream Ice and Firn Dynamics affecting the South Pole Ice Core", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000200", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Characterization of Upstream Ice and Firn Dynamics affecting the South Pole Ice Core"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -89.54, "title": "Firn density and compaction rates 50km upstream of South Pole", "uid": "601680", "west": 137.04}, {"awards": "1443397 Kreutz, Karl", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(-180 -90)"], "date_created": "Thu, 16 Mar 2023 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This dataset contains biologically relevant trace metal concentrations metrics for the\r\nSPICEcore intermediate core (SPC14), from the surface to 1751 m (~54 ka). The data set\r\nincludes cleaned Fe and Mn biologically relevant concentrations (operationally defined pH 5)\r\ntrace mental concentration measurements and dissolved concentrations (operationally defined as concentration \u0026lt;0.45\u00b5m and acidified to \u0026lt;pH 1).", "east": -180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(-180 -90)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; South Pole; SPICEcore", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -90.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Kreutz, Karl", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: South Pole Ice Core Chronology and Climate Records using Chemical and Microparticle Measurements", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010051", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: South Pole Ice Core Chronology and Climate Records using Chemical and Microparticle Measurements"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "Preliminary SPC14 high-resolution Fe and Mn biologically relevant and dissolved trace metal concentrations spanning -42 \u2013 54,300 years BP.", "uid": "601675", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "1543361 Kurbatov, Andrei; 1543454 Dunbar, Nelia", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-180 -50,-163 -50,-146 -50,-129 -50,-112 -50,-95 -50,-78 -50,-61 -50,-44 -50,-27 -50,-10 -50,-10 -54,-10 -58,-10 -62,-10 -66,-10 -70,-10 -74,-10 -78,-10 -82,-10 -86,-10 -90,-27 -90,-44 -90,-61 -90,-78 -90,-95 -90,-112 -90,-129 -90,-146 -90,-163 -90,180 -90,175 -90,170 -90,165 -90,160 -90,155 -90,150 -90,145 -90,140 -90,135 -90,130 -90,130 -86,130 -82,130 -78,130 -74,130 -70,130 -66,130 -62,130 -58,130 -54,130 -50,135 -50,140 -50,145 -50,150 -50,155 -50,160 -50,165 -50,170 -50,175 -50,-180 -50))"], "date_created": "Thu, 16 Feb 2023 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This dataset contains the geochemical composition of three tephra layers that were used in the development of the SPICEcore timescale (Winski et al., 2019). All tephra have been correlated to WDC06A ice core. ", "east": 130.0, "geometry": ["POINT(-120 -70)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Electron Microprobe; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Records; South Pole; Tephra", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -50.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Iverson, Nels", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Tephrochronology of a South Pole Ice Core", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010311", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Tephrochronology of a South Pole Ice Core"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "SPICEcore visable tephra", "uid": "601667", "west": -10.0}, {"awards": "1543361 Kurbatov, Andrei", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(0 -90)"], "date_created": "Wed, 15 Feb 2023 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This dataset includes cryptotephra data from the South Pole Ice Core (SPC-14).", "east": 0.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -90)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Cryptotephra; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Records; South Pole; SPICEcore; Tephra", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -90.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Kurbatov, Andrei V.; Hartman, Laura; Helmick, Meredith; Yates, Martin", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Tephrochronology of a South Pole Ice Core", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010311", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Tephrochronology of a South Pole Ice Core"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "Cryptotephra in SPC-14 ice core", "uid": "601666", "west": 0.0}, {"awards": "1654922 de la Pena, Santiago", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-180 -89.99,-144 -89.99,-108 -89.99,-72 -89.99,-36 -89.99,0 -89.99,36 -89.99,72 -89.99,108 -89.99,144 -89.99,180 -89.99,180 -89.991,180 -89.99199999999999,180 -89.993,180 -89.994,180 -89.995,180 -89.996,180 -89.997,180 -89.998,180 -89.999,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -89.999,-180 -89.998,-180 -89.997,-180 -89.996,-180 -89.995,-180 -89.994,-180 -89.993,-180 -89.99199999999999,-180 -89.991,-180 -89.99))"], "date_created": "Thu, 28 Jul 2022 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "An instrument suite composed of weather sensors and a set of \u0027SnowFox\u0027 Gamma Ray neutron counters used to estimate the water equivalence of snow accumulation, measured continuously between December 2017 and January 2020. ", "east": 180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -89.999)"], "keywords": "Accumulation; Antarctica; Snow; South Pole; Surface Mass Balance", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica; Antarctica", "north": -89.99, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Astrophysics and Geospace Sciences", "persons": "de la Pe\u00f1a, Santiago", "project_titles": "EAGER: An Operational System to Measure Surface Mass Balance Deep in the Interior of the Antarctic Ice Sheet", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010360", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "EAGER: An Operational System to Measure Surface Mass Balance Deep in the Interior of the Antarctic Ice Sheet"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": " South Pole Weather and Accumulation Measurements 2017-2020", "uid": "601591", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "9319379 Blankenship, Donald", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-180 -75,-172 -75,-164 -75,-156 -75,-148 -75,-140 -75,-132 -75,-124 -75,-116 -75,-108 -75,-100 -75,-100 -76.5,-100 -78,-100 -79.5,-100 -81,-100 -82.5,-100 -84,-100 -85.5,-100 -87,-100 -88.5,-100 -90,-108 -90,-116 -90,-124 -90,-132 -90,-140 -90,-148 -90,-156 -90,-164 -90,-172 -90,180 -90,172 -90,164 -90,156 -90,148 -90,140 -90,132 -90,124 -90,116 -90,108 -90,100 -90,100 -88.5,100 -87,100 -85.5,100 -84,100 -82.5,100 -81,100 -79.5,100 -78,100 -76.5,100 -75,108 -75,116 -75,124 -75,132 -75,140 -75,148 -75,156 -75,164 -75,172 -75,-180 -75))"], "date_created": "Sun, 24 Jul 2022 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "These data represent the 1-km decimated version of the SOAR ice thickness data provided to the Bedmap2 project, collected as part of various projects between 1991 and 2001. It encompasses the Corridor Aerogeophysics of the South East Ross Zone (CASERTZ) surveys of the Byrd Subglacial Basin (BSB), Bindschadler Ice Stream (WAZ/TKD), and the upstream catchments of Kamb Ice Steam and Willians Ice Stream (IRE); targeted West Antarctic glaciology projects (IPB/WAZ/DVD/STI/LIV); corridors across the Transantarctic Mountains to South Pole (PPT) and Dome C (WLK); and a version of the Lake Vostok dataset (LVS). Data were collected as stacked log detected traces by the SOAR TUD IV system with an attached digitizer. The digitizer was significantly updated in 1997 (RTZ6). Data interpretation approaches can be found in Blankenship et al., 2001.\r\n\r\nData is in ASCII format. Transects are separated by GMT style segment headers with the transect name.\r\nColumns are:\r\n1. Year\r\n2. Day of Year\r\n3. Seconds of Day\r\n4. Longitude (degrees, WGS-84)\r\n5. Latitude (degrees, WGS-84)\r\n6. Easting (meters, EPSG 3031; Polar Stereographic with true scale at 71\u02daS)\r\n7. Northing (meters, EPSG 3031; Polar Stereographic with true scale at 71\u02daS)\r\n8. Surface Elevation (meters, WGS-84) - derived where possible from laser data\r\n9. Ice thickness (meters, using a speed of light in air of 299705000 m/s and a refractive index of 1.78; no firn correction)\r\n10. Bed Elevation (meters, WGS-84) - column 8 minus column 9\r\n11. The transect name formatted by Project/Set/Transect\r\n", "east": 100.0, "geometry": ["POINT(-180 -82.5)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Ice Penetrating Radar; Ice Thickness; SOAR", "locations": "Antarctica; Antarctica", "north": -75.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Earth Sciences", "persons": "Blankenship, Donald D.; Young, Duncan A.; Kempf, Scott D.", "project_titles": null, "projects": null, "repositories": null, "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "Support Office for Airborne Research 1 km sampled ice thickness data", "uid": "601588", "west": -100.0}, {"awards": "1443397 Kreutz, Karl", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(0 -90)"], "date_created": "Fri, 01 Apr 2022 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This dataset contains particle metrics for the South Pole Ice Core (SPICEcore) intermediate core (SPC14), from the surface to 1751 m depth (~54,000 years before present [BP]). Data were collected via Klotz Abakus laser particle counter via continuous-flow-analysis (CFA), Beckman Coulter Multisizer 3 using Coulter Counter (CC) principles, and dynamic particle imaging using a FlowCAM instrument. CFA measurements were made at Dartmouth College, CC measurements were made at Colby College, and FlowCAM measurements were made at the University of Maine.", "east": 0.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -90)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Dust; Ice Core; South Pole", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -90.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Kreutz, Karl", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: South Pole Ice Core Chronology and Climate Records using Chemical and Microparticle Measurements", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010051", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: South Pole Ice Core Chronology and Climate Records using Chemical and Microparticle Measurements"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "South Pole (SPC14) microparticle concentration, mass concentration, flux, particle-size-distribution mode, and aspect ratio measurements", "uid": "601553", "west": 0.0}, {"awards": "1643722 Brook, Edward", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-180 -89,-171.9 -89,-163.8 -89,-155.7 -89,-147.6 -89,-139.5 -89,-131.4 -89,-123.3 -89,-115.2 -89,-107.1 -89,-99 -89,-99 -89,-99 -89,-99 -89,-99 -89,-99 -89,-99 -89,-99 -89,-99 -89,-99 -89,-99 -89,-107.1 -89,-115.2 -89,-123.3 -89,-131.4 -89,-139.5 -89,-147.6 -89,-155.7 -89,-163.8 -89,-171.9 -89,180 -89,152.2 -89,124.4 -89,96.6 -89,68.8 -89,41 -89,13.2 -89,-14.6 -89,-42.4 -89,-70.2 -89,-98 -89,-98 -89,-98 -89,-98 -89,-98 -89,-98 -89,-98 -89,-98 -89,-98 -89,-98 -89,-98 -89,-70.2 -89,-42.4 -89,-14.6 -89,13.2 -89,41 -89,68.8 -89,96.6 -89,124.4 -89,152.2 -89,-180 -89))"], "date_created": "Mon, 28 Mar 2022 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Total air content (TAC) of the South Pole ice core (SPC14). The dataset includes 1,225 duplicate or triplicate averaged measurements along the 1,751-m length of the ice core. Measurements were made using a wet extraction technique, concurrent with discrete CH4 concentration measurements.", "east": -99.0, "geometry": ["POINT(81.5 -89)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; South Pole", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -89.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Epifanio, Jenna", "project_titles": "A High Resolution Atmospheric Methane Record from the South Pole Ice Core", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010102", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "A High Resolution Atmospheric Methane Record from the South Pole Ice Core"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -89.0, "title": "South Pole ice core (SPC14) total air content (TAC)", "uid": "601546", "west": -98.0}, {"awards": "1443448 Schaefer, Joerg", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(0 -90)"], "date_created": "Fri, 11 Mar 2022 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This data set includes the 10Be measurements from South Pole Ice Core produced within the NSF award OPP-2022765.", "east": 0.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -90)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; South Pole", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -90.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Schaefer, Joerg", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: A High-sensitivity Beryllium-10 Record from an Ice Core at South Pole", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010158", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: A High-sensitivity Beryllium-10 Record from an Ice Core at South Pole"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "South Pole ice Core 10Be CE", "uid": "601535", "west": 0.0}, {"awards": "1443471 Koutnik, Michelle", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(137.04 -89.54)"], "date_created": "Tue, 22 Feb 2022 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "These data are 6-hourly measurements of temperature in the upper 40 m of firn at a site 50 km upstream of South Pole (89.54 S, 137.04 E). The measurements span the two years from January 2017 to December 2018. ", "east": 137.04, "geometry": ["POINT(137.04 -89.54)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Firn; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Data; Ice Core Records; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; South Pole; SPICEcore; Temperature", "locations": "Antarctica; South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -89.54, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Stevens, Christopher Max; Lilien, David; Conway, Howard; Koutnik, Michelle; Waddington, Edwin D.; Fudge, T. J.", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Characterization of Upstream Ice and Firn Dynamics affecting the South Pole Ice Core", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000200", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Characterization of Upstream Ice and Firn Dynamics affecting the South Pole Ice Core"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -89.54, "title": "Firn temperatures 50km upstream of South Pole", "uid": "601525", "west": 137.04}, {"awards": "1443710 Severinghaus, Jeffrey", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(0 -90)"], "date_created": "Thu, 03 Feb 2022 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "We present measurements gas measurements from the South Pole Ice Core, including the isotopic composition of molecular nitrogen (\u03b415N) and argon (\u03b440Ar), and the argon-nitrogen ratio (\u03b4Ar/N2). The measurements were made between approximately 490 and 1310 m depth, which is between 5 and 30 kyr BP on the SP19 Gas Chronology.\r\nThe measurements allow us to reconstruct the past amounts of gravitational and thermal fractionation in the firn and thus reconstruct past firn thickness and temperature gradient. These reconstructions are also included.\r\n", "east": 0.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -90)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Argon; Argon Isotopes; Firn; Firn Temperature Gradient; Firn Thickness; Gas Isotopes; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core; Ice Core Records; Nitrogen; Nitrogen Isotopes; South Pole; SPICEcore", "locations": "South Pole; South Pole; Antarctica; Antarctica", "north": -90.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Morgan, Jacob; Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Inert Gas and Methane Based Climate Records throughout the South Pole Deep Ice Core", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010005", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Inert Gas and Methane Based Climate Records throughout the South Pole Deep Ice Core"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "South Pole Ice Core Isotopes of N2 and Ar", "uid": "601517", "west": 0.0}, {"awards": "1744649 Christianson, Knut; 1643353 Christianson, Knut", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-179.9989061 -89.752739299,-143.999017884 -89.752739299,-107.999129669 -89.752739299,-71.9992414529 -89.752739299,-35.9993532372 -89.752739299,0.000534978500013 -89.752739299,36.0004231942 -89.752739299,72.0003114099 -89.752739299,108.000199626 -89.752739299,144.000087841 -89.752739299,179.999976057 -89.752739299,179.999976057 -89.7772743702,179.999976057 -89.8018094414,179.999976057 -89.8263445126,179.999976057 -89.8508795838,179.999976057 -89.875414655,179.999976057 -89.8999497262,179.999976057 -89.9244847974,179.999976057 -89.9490198686,179.999976057 -89.9735549398,179.999976057 -89.998090011,144.000087841 -89.998090011,108.000199626 -89.998090011,72.0003114099 -89.998090011,36.0004231942 -89.998090011,0.000534978499985 -89.998090011,-35.9993532372 -89.998090011,-71.9992414529 -89.998090011,-107.999129669 -89.998090011,-143.999017884 -89.998090011,-179.9989061 -89.998090011,-179.9989061 -89.9735549398,-179.9989061 -89.9490198686,-179.9989061 -89.9244847974,-179.9989061 -89.8999497262,-179.9989061 -89.875414655,-179.9989061 -89.8508795838,-179.9989061 -89.8263445126,-179.9989061 -89.8018094414,-179.9989061 -89.7772743702,-179.9989061 -89.752739299))"], "date_created": "Thu, 06 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "These are ground-based radar data collected from a subglacial lake ~15 km from the geographic South Pole. Data were collected with the Autonomous phase-sensitive Radio Echo Sounder (ApRES) (Nicholls et al., 2015). The intention of this dataset is to be used for vertical velocity structure and interpretation.", "east": 179.999976057, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -89.999)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Apres; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; South Pole; Subglacial Lakes; Vertical Velocity", "locations": "South Pole; South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -89.752739299, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Hills, Benjamin", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Computational Methods Supporting Joint Seismic and Radar Inversion for Ice Fabric and Temperature in Streaming Flow", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010160", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Computational Methods Supporting Joint Seismic and Radar Inversion for Ice Fabric and Temperature in Streaming Flow"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -89.998090011, "title": "South Pole Lake ApRES Radar", "uid": "601503", "west": -179.9989061}, {"awards": "1643353 Christianson, Knut; 1744649 Christianson, Knut", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-179.9989061 -89.752739299,-143.999017884 -89.752739299,-107.999129669 -89.752739299,-71.9992414529 -89.752739299,-35.9993532372 -89.752739299,0.000534978500013 -89.752739299,36.0004231942 -89.752739299,72.0003114099 -89.752739299,108.000199626 -89.752739299,144.000087841 -89.752739299,179.999976057 -89.752739299,179.999976057 -89.7772743702,179.999976057 -89.8018094414,179.999976057 -89.8263445126,179.999976057 -89.8508795838,179.999976057 -89.875414655,179.999976057 -89.8999497262,179.999976057 -89.9244847974,179.999976057 -89.9490198686,179.999976057 -89.9735549398,179.999976057 -89.998090011,144.000087841 -89.998090011,108.000199626 -89.998090011,72.0003114099 -89.998090011,36.0004231942 -89.998090011,0.000534978499985 -89.998090011,-35.9993532372 -89.998090011,-71.9992414529 -89.998090011,-107.999129669 -89.998090011,-143.999017884 -89.998090011,-179.9989061 -89.998090011,-179.9989061 -89.9735549398,-179.9989061 -89.9490198686,-179.9989061 -89.9244847974,-179.9989061 -89.8999497262,-179.9989061 -89.875414655,-179.9989061 -89.8508795838,-179.9989061 -89.8263445126,-179.9989061 -89.8018094414,-179.9989061 -89.7772743702,-179.9989061 -89.752739299))"], "date_created": "Thu, 06 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "These are ground-based GNSS data collected from a subglacial lake ~15 km from the geographic South Pole.\r\nData were collected with two separate antenna/receiver systems: 1) Septentrio Altus APS3G antenna/receiver 2) Trimble NetR8 and Trimble Zephyr Geodetic antenna.", "east": 179.999976057, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -89.999)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; GNSS; GPS; GPS Data; South Pole; Subglacial Lakes", "locations": "South Pole; South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -89.752739299, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Hills, Benjamin", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Computational Methods Supporting Joint Seismic and Radar Inversion for Ice Fabric and Temperature in Streaming Flow", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010160", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Computational Methods Supporting Joint Seismic and Radar Inversion for Ice Fabric and Temperature in Streaming Flow"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -89.998090011, "title": "South Pole Lake GNSS", "uid": "601502", "west": -179.9989061}, {"awards": "0636875 Halzen, Francis", "bounds_geometry": null, "date_created": "Mon, 12 Apr 2021 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The following is a list of neutrino candidate events recorded by the AMANDA-II neutrino telescope during the period 2000-2006. The events are mostly from atmospheric neutrinos with a typical energy of several hundred GeV. The events include a small fraction of misreconstructed cosmic ray muon tracks, and this contamination increases near the horizon. ", "east": null, "geometry": null, "keywords": "Amanda-ii; Antarctica; Neutrino; Neutrino Candidate Events; Neutrino Telescope; South Pole", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": null, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Astrophysics and Geospace Sciences", "persons": "Halzen, Francis; Riedel, Benedikt", "project_titles": "Management and Operations of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory 2021-2026", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010168", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Management and Operations of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory 2021-2026"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "IceCube", "south": null, "title": "Amanda 7 Year Data Set", "uid": "601438", "west": null}, {"awards": "1443448 Schaefer, Joerg; 1443144 Steig, Eric", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60))"], "date_created": "Wed, 03 Feb 2021 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Experiments were conducted using ECHAM5-HAM atmospheric aerosol - climate model at horizontal resolution of T42 (~2.8\u00b0 latitude \u00d7 2.8\u00b0 longitude) with 19 vertical levels to examine the relationship between the production of 10Be in the atmosphere and its deposition at the surface. Five experiments were conducted, using a) constant 10Be production but varying, observed climate b) climatological climate of the last 50 years but varying 10Be production, c) constant 10Be production with 50-years of varying climate for 0 ka, (d) 6 ka, and (e) 21 ka, using the TraCE21 simulation to provide boundary conditions. The results will be useful for comparison with 10Be concentration records obtained from the South Pole ice core and other Antarctic and Greenland records.", "east": 180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -89.999)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; South Pole", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica; Antarctica", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Ding, Qinghua; Schaefer, Joerg; Steig, Eric J.", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: A High-sensitivity Beryllium-10 Record from an Ice Core at South Pole", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010158", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: A High-sensitivity Beryllium-10 Record from an Ice Core at South Pole"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "Simulations of 10Be over Antarctica", "uid": "601431", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "1443663 Cole-Dai, Jihong", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-180 -89.99,-152.184 -89.99,-124.368 -89.99,-96.552 -89.99,-68.736 -89.99,-40.92 -89.99,-13.104 -89.99,14.712 -89.99,42.528 -89.99,70.344 -89.99,98.16 -89.99,98.16 -89.99,98.16 -89.99,98.16 -89.99,98.16 -89.99,98.16 -89.99,98.16 -89.99,98.16 -89.99,98.16 -89.99,98.16 -89.99,98.16 -89.99,70.344 -89.99,42.528 -89.99,14.712 -89.99,-13.104 -89.99,-40.92 -89.99,-68.736 -89.99,-96.552 -89.99,-124.368 -89.99,-152.184 -89.99,180 -89.99,152.184 -89.99,124.368 -89.99,96.552 -89.99,68.736 -89.99,40.92 -89.99,13.104 -89.99,-14.712 -89.99,-42.528 -89.99,-70.344 -89.99,-98.16 -89.99,-98.16 -89.99,-98.16 -89.99,-98.16 -89.99,-98.16 -89.99,-98.16 -89.99,-98.16 -89.99,-98.16 -89.99,-98.16 -89.99,-98.16 -89.99,-98.16 -89.99,-70.344 -89.99,-42.528 -89.99,-14.712 -89.99,13.104 -89.99,40.92 -89.99,68.736 -89.99,96.552 -89.99,124.368 -89.99,152.184 -89.99,-180 -89.99))"], "date_created": "Sat, 30 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Major ion concentrations in SPICEcore samples from the section of 400-480 m were measured with ion chromatography. The ions are chloride, nitrate, sulfate, sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium.\r\nThis section was analyzed to replicate the measurement of the same section at Dartmouth College.", "east": -98.16, "geometry": ["POINT(-180 -89.99)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Ions; South Pole; SPICEcore", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -89.99, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Cole-Dai, Jihong; Larrick, Carleigh", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: South Pole Ice Core Chronology and Climate Records using Chemical and Microparticle Measurements", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010051", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: South Pole Ice Core Chronology and Climate Records using Chemical and Microparticle Measurements"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -89.99, "title": "SPICEcore 400-480 m Major Ions SDSU", "uid": "601430", "west": 98.16}, {"awards": "1443663 Cole-Dai, Jihong; 1141839 Steig, Eric; 1443105 Steig, Eric; 1443397 Kreutz, Karl; 1443336 Osterberg, Erich", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(-89.16 -89.99)"], "date_created": "Thu, 05 Nov 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This dataset includes major ion and seasonal sea salt chemistry data from the South Pole Ice Core. Included are the raw major ion data, annually resolved mean, maximum and minimum sea salt sodium concentrations and centennially resolved principal components (discussed in Winski et al. (in review).", "east": -89.16, "geometry": ["POINT(-89.16 -89.99)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciology; Ice Core; Ice Core Chemistry; Ice Core Records; Major Ion; Sea Ice; Sea Salt; Sodium; South Pole; SPICEcore", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -89.99, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Winski, Dominic A.", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: A 1500m Ice Core from South Pole; Collaborative Research: Record of the Triple-oxygen Isotope and Hydrogen Isotope Composition of Ice from an Ice Core at South Pole; Collaborative Research: South Pole Ice Core Chronology and Climate Records using Chemical and Microparticle Measurements", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010060", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: A 1500m Ice Core from South Pole"}, {"proj_uid": "p0010051", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: South Pole Ice Core Chronology and Climate Records using Chemical and Microparticle Measurements"}, {"proj_uid": "p0010065", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Record of the Triple-oxygen Isotope and Hydrogen Isotope Composition of Ice from an Ice Core at South Pole"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -89.99, "title": "South Pole Ice Core Holocene Major Ion Dataset", "uid": "601399", "west": -89.16}, {"awards": "1443105 Steig, Eric", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(180 -90)"], "date_created": "Wed, 28 Oct 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This data set provides the input and output data used in Kahle et al. 2020 to reconstruct climate variables at the South Pole. The files below include high resolution water isotopes, water isotope diffusion length, and various reconstructions of temperature, accumulation rate, and thinning function for the SPC14 ice core. An inverse approach was used to combine information from water isotope diffusion length, Dage, and annual-layer thickness to solve for temperature, accumulation rate, and thinning function. Corrections were applied to account for the advection of ice from upstream to yield estimates for the South Pole site. Updated data for Hires_Water_Isotopes_halfcm.txt is available at www.usap-dc.org/view/dataset/601429.", "east": 180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(180 -90)"], "keywords": "Accumulation; Antarctica; Diffusion Length; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Records; Ice Dynamic; Layer Thinning; Oxygen Isotope; South Pole; SPICEcore; Temperature", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -90.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Kahle, Emma; Steig, Eric J.; Jones, Tyler R.; Fudge, T. J.; Koutnik, Michelle; Morris, Valerie; Vaughn, Bruce; Schauer, Andrew; Stevens, Max; Conway, Howard; Waddington, Edwin D.; Buizert, Christo; Epifanio, Jenna; White, James", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: A 1500m Ice Core from South Pole; Collaborative Research: Record of the Triple-oxygen Isotope and Hydrogen Isotope Composition of Ice from an Ice Core at South Pole", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010065", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Record of the Triple-oxygen Isotope and Hydrogen Isotope Composition of Ice from an Ice Core at South Pole"}, {"proj_uid": "p0010060", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: A 1500m Ice Core from South Pole"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "Temperature, accumulation rate, and layer thinning from the South Pole ice core (SPC14)", "uid": "601396", "west": 180.0}, {"awards": "1543267 Brook, Edward; 1543229 Severinghaus, Jeffrey", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60))"], "date_created": "Thu, 22 Oct 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Stable isotope ratios of atmospheric krypton, argon, nitrogen and oxygen were measured in late-Holocene ice core samples from nine sites in Antarctica and Greenland, for the purpose of calibrating the Kr-86 excess proxy as defined in Buizert and Severinghaus (2016).", "east": 180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -89.999)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Bruce Plateau; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Greenland Ice Cap; Ice Core; Ice Core Chemistry; Ice Core Records; James Ross Island; Krypton; Law Dome; Low Dome Ice Core; Roosevelt Island; Siple Dome; Siple Dome Ice Core; South Pole; SPICEcore; WAIS Divide; WAIS Divide Ice Core", "locations": "WAIS Divide; South Pole; Siple Dome; Law Dome; Roosevelt Island; Greenland Ice Cap; James Ross Island; Bruce Plateau; Antarctica", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Buizert, Christo; Shackleton, Sarah; Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.; Brook, Edward J.; Baggenstos, Daniel; Bereiter, Bernhard; Etheridge, David; Bertler, Nancy; Pyne, Rebecca L.; Mulvaney, Robert; Mosley-Thompson, Ellen", "project_titles": "Collaborative research: Kr-86 as a proxy for barometric pressure variability and movement of the SH westerlies during the last\r\ndeglaciation", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010037", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative research: Kr-86 as a proxy for barometric pressure variability and movement of the SH westerlies during the last\r\ndeglaciation"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "WAIS Divide Ice Core; SPICEcore; Siple Dome Ice Core", "south": -90.0, "title": "Multi-site ice core Krypton stable isotope ratios", "uid": "601394", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "1142517 Aydin, Murat; 1443472 Brook, Edward; 1141839 Steig, Eric; 1443336 Osterberg, Erich; 1804154 Sowers, Todd; 1443464 Sowers, Todd; 1443397 Kreutz, Karl; 1443470 Aydin, Murat; 1443710 Severinghaus, Jeffrey; 1643394 Buizert, Christo", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(-99.16 -89.99)"], "date_created": "Fri, 09 Oct 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "We present the methane (CH4) concentration data for the South Pole ice core (SPC14). CH4 concentrations were measured jointly at Oregon State University and Pennsylvania State University. All depths are in meters below the surface. Methane data have been corrected for blank offsets, solubility, and gravitational fractionation. All ages are in years before 1950 C.E. on the SP19 gas chronology. ", "east": -99.16, "geometry": ["POINT(-99.16 -89.99)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Ch4; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Data; Ice Core Records; Methane; South Pole; SPICEcore", "locations": "Antarctica; South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -89.99, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.; Epifanio, Jenna; Brook, Edward J.; Buizert, Christo; Kreutz, Karl; Aydin, Murat; Edwards, Jon S.; Sowers, Todd A.; Kahle, Emma; Steig, Eric J.; Winski, Dominic A.; Osterberg, Erich; Fudge, T. J.; Hood, Ekaterina; Kalk, Michael; Ferris, David G.; Kennedy, Joshua A.", "project_titles": "Carbonyl Sulfide, Methyl Chloride, and Methyl Bromide Measurements in the New Intermediate-depth South Pole Ice Core; Collaborative Research: A 1500m Ice Core from South Pole; Collaborative Research: Inert Gas and Methane Based Climate Records throughout the South Pole Deep Ice Core; Collaborative Research: South Pole Ice Core Chronology and Climate Records using Chemical and Microparticle Measurements", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010089", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Carbonyl Sulfide, Methyl Chloride, and Methyl Bromide Measurements in the New Intermediate-depth South Pole Ice Core"}, {"proj_uid": "p0010060", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: A 1500m Ice Core from South Pole"}, {"proj_uid": "p0010051", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: South Pole Ice Core Chronology and Climate Records using Chemical and Microparticle Measurements"}, {"proj_uid": "p0010005", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Inert Gas and Methane Based Climate Records throughout the South Pole Deep Ice Core"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -89.99, "title": "South Pole ice core (SPC14) discrete methane data", "uid": "601381", "west": -99.16}, {"awards": "1443472 Brook, Edward; 1443710 Severinghaus, Jeffrey; 1443397 Kreutz, Karl; 1142517 Aydin, Murat; 1443470 Aydin, Murat; 1643394 Buizert, Christo; 1141839 Steig, Eric; 1443464 Sowers, Todd; 1804154 Sowers, Todd; 1443105 Steig, Eric", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(99.16 -89.99)"], "date_created": "Fri, 09 Oct 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "We present the SP19 gas chronology for the South Pole ice core. The chronology is based on stratigraphic matching of abrupt methane (CH4) changes. To construct the chronology, abrupt changes in CH4 during the glacial period and small, 20-30ppb, centennial scale changes in CH4 were used with analogous data from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide ice core. Stratigraphic matching was verified by an optimization algorithm. The ages cover the last 52,586 years. Absolute uncertainty increases with depth until \u00b1 540 years. ", "east": 99.16, "geometry": ["POINT(99.16 -89.99)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Ch4; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Records; Ice Core Stratigraphy; Methane; South Pole; SPICEcore", "locations": "Antarctica; South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -89.99, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Epifanio, Jenna", "project_titles": "Carbonyl Sulfide, Methyl Chloride, and Methyl Bromide Measurements in the New Intermediate-depth South Pole Ice Core; Collaborative Research: A 1500m Ice Core from South Pole; Collaborative Research: Inert Gas and Methane Based Climate Records throughout the South Pole Deep Ice Core; Collaborative Research: Record of the Triple-oxygen Isotope and Hydrogen Isotope Composition of Ice from an Ice Core at South Pole", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010065", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Record of the Triple-oxygen Isotope and Hydrogen Isotope Composition of Ice from an Ice Core at South Pole"}, {"proj_uid": "p0010060", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: A 1500m Ice Core from South Pole"}, {"proj_uid": "p0010005", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Inert Gas and Methane Based Climate Records throughout the South Pole Deep Ice Core"}, {"proj_uid": "p0010089", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Carbonyl Sulfide, Methyl Chloride, and Methyl Bromide Measurements in the New Intermediate-depth South Pole Ice Core"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -89.99, "title": "SP19 Gas Chronology", "uid": "601380", "west": 99.16}, {"awards": "1443471 Koutnik, Michelle", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-180 -89,-166.5 -89,-153 -89,-139.5 -89,-126 -89,-112.5 -89,-99 -89,-85.5 -89,-72 -89,-58.5 -89,-45 -89,-45 -89.1,-45 -89.2,-45 -89.3,-45 -89.4,-45 -89.5,-45 -89.6,-45 -89.7,-45 -89.8,-45 -89.9,-45 -90,-58.5 -90,-72 -90,-85.5 -90,-99 -90,-112.5 -90,-126 -90,-139.5 -90,-153 -90,-166.5 -90,180 -90,173 -90,166 -90,159 -90,152 -90,145 -90,138 -90,131 -90,124 -90,117 -90,110 -90,110 -89.9,110 -89.8,110 -89.7,110 -89.6,110 -89.5,110 -89.4,110 -89.3,110 -89.2,110 -89.1,110 -89,117 -89,124 -89,131 -89,138 -89,145 -89,152 -89,159 -89,166 -89,173 -89,-180 -89))"], "date_created": "Thu, 20 Aug 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This data set contains ice-penetrating radar measurements of surface topography, ice thickness, internal stratigraphy, and derived bed topography in the vicinity of South Pole.", "east": -45.0, "geometry": ["POINT(-147.5 -89.5)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Ice Sheet", "locations": "Antarctica; Antarctica", "north": -89.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Waddington, Edwin D.; Conway, Howard; Koutnik, Michelle; Fudge, T. J.; Lilien, David; Stevens, Max", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Characterization of Upstream Ice and Firn Dynamics affecting the South Pole Ice Core", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000200", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Characterization of Upstream Ice and Firn Dynamics affecting the South Pole Ice Core"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "7MHz radar in the vicinity of South Pole", "uid": "601369", "west": 110.0}, {"awards": "1644245 Aydin, Murat", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60))"], "date_created": "Thu, 30 Jul 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This is a data set of ice core air ethane and acetylene measurements. Both gases were analyzed in air extracted from the South Pole SPC14 ice core at 149 discrete depths as shown in the data file. Ice core air was extracted using a wet extraction method. This data set includes the ethane and acetylene measurements from the younger (last 2ky) sections of the SPC14 ice core published separately in an earlier data set from the same ice core (doi:10.18739/A2J09W45H). ", "east": 180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -89.999)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Ethane", "locations": "Antarctica; Antarctica", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Aydin, Murat; Saltzman, Eric", "project_titles": "Ethane Measurements in the Intermediate Depth South Pole Ice Core (SPICECORE)", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000762", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Ethane Measurements in the Intermediate Depth South Pole Ice Core (SPICECORE)"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "Ice Core Air Ethane and Acetylene Measurements - South Pole SPC14 Ice Core (SPICEcore project)", "uid": "601367", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "1443232 Waddington, Edwin", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60))"], "date_created": "Tue, 28 Jul 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "These data were collected with DC and AC ECM at the NSF Ice Core Facility.", "east": 180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -89.999)"], "keywords": "Antarctica", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Fudge, T. J.", "project_titles": "Using Electrical Conductance Measurements to Develop the South Pole Ice Core Chronology", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000378", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Using Electrical Conductance Measurements to Develop the South Pole Ice Core Chronology"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "ECM (DC and AC) multi-track data and images from 2016 processing season", "uid": "601366", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "0338359 Saltzman, Eric; 0440602 Saltzman, Eric", "bounds_geometry": null, "date_created": "Fri, 10 Jul 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This is a data set of ice core carbonyl sulfide data. Carbonyl sulfide was analyzed in air extracted from the SPRESSO ice core at 106 discrete depths as indicated in the data file. SPRESSO is a shallow, dry-drilled ice core from the South Pole. ", "east": null, "geometry": null, "keywords": "Antarctica; Atmospheric Gases; Gas Measurement; Ice Core; Ice Core Gas Records; Trace Gases", "locations": "Antarctica; Antarctica", "north": null, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Aydin, Murat; Saltzman, Eric", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Gases in Firn Air and Shallow Ice at the Proposed WAIS Divide Drilling Site; Methyl chloride and methyl bromide in Antarctic ice cores", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000368", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Gases in Firn Air and Shallow Ice at the Proposed WAIS Divide Drilling Site"}, {"proj_uid": "p0000032", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Methyl chloride and methyl bromide in Antarctic ice cores"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": null, "title": "Ice Core Air Carbonyl Sulfide Measurements - SPRESSO Ice Core", "uid": "601357", "west": null}, {"awards": "1443482 Mak, John", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60))"], "date_created": "Thu, 09 Jul 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Data from measurement of CO mixing ratios and stable isotopes from the South Pole Ice Core for the first ca 10,000 years BP", "east": 180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -89.999)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; CO; Delta 13C; Delta 18O; South Pole; SPICEcore", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Mak, John", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Using Stable Isotopes to Constrain the Atmospheric Carbon Monoxide Budget over the Last 20,000 Years", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010117", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Using Stable Isotopes to Constrain the Atmospheric Carbon Monoxide Budget over the Last 20,000 Years"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "Carbon monoxide mixing ratios and stable isotopic values, SPICE", "uid": "601356", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "1907974 Saltzman, Eric", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((129.26 -89.86,130.261 -89.86,131.262 -89.86,132.263 -89.86,133.264 -89.86,134.265 -89.86,135.266 -89.86,136.267 -89.86,137.268 -89.86,138.269 -89.86,139.27 -89.86,139.27 -89.861,139.27 -89.862,139.27 -89.863,139.27 -89.864,139.27 -89.865,139.27 -89.866,139.27 -89.867,139.27 -89.868,139.27 -89.869,139.27 -89.87,138.269 -89.87,137.268 -89.87,136.267 -89.87,135.266 -89.87,134.265 -89.87,133.264 -89.87,132.263 -89.87,131.262 -89.87,130.261 -89.87,129.26 -89.87,129.26 -89.869,129.26 -89.868,129.26 -89.867,129.26 -89.866,129.26 -89.865,129.26 -89.864,129.26 -89.863,129.26 -89.862,129.26 -89.861,129.26 -89.86))"], "date_created": "Tue, 09 Jun 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This data set contains measurements of molecular hydrogen (H2) in firn air samples collected at South Pole in 2001.", "east": 139.27, "geometry": ["POINT(134.265 -89.865)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Firn; Glaciology; Hydrogen; Ice Core Records; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; South Pole", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -89.86, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Saltzman, Eric", "project_titles": "EAGER: Feasibility of Reconstructing the Atmospheric History of Molecular Hydrogen from Antarctic Ice", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010106", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "EAGER: Feasibility of Reconstructing the Atmospheric History of Molecular Hydrogen from Antarctic Ice"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -89.87, "title": "H2 in South Pole firn air", "uid": "601332", "west": 129.26}, {"awards": "1443576 Panter, Kurt", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-154.1 -86.9,-154.03 -86.9,-153.96 -86.9,-153.89 -86.9,-153.82 -86.9,-153.75 -86.9,-153.68 -86.9,-153.61 -86.9,-153.54 -86.9,-153.47 -86.9,-153.4 -86.9,-153.4 -86.92,-153.4 -86.94,-153.4 -86.96,-153.4 -86.98,-153.4 -87,-153.4 -87.02,-153.4 -87.04,-153.4 -87.06,-153.4 -87.08,-153.4 -87.1,-153.47 -87.1,-153.54 -87.1,-153.61 -87.1,-153.68 -87.1,-153.75 -87.1,-153.82 -87.1,-153.89 -87.1,-153.96 -87.1,-154.03 -87.1,-154.1 -87.1,-154.1 -87.08,-154.1 -87.06,-154.1 -87.04,-154.1 -87.02,-154.1 -87,-154.1 -86.98,-154.1 -86.96,-154.1 -86.94,-154.1 -86.92,-154.1 -86.9))"], "date_created": "Fri, 05 Jun 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Mt. Early and Sheridan Bluff (87\u00b0S) are the above ice expression of Earth\u2019s southernmost volcanic field that lies approximately 300 km from the South Pole. The dataset supplies the locations and lithological descriptions of the units that the samples were collected from for dating and petrological study. Fundamental compositional information on the mafic volcanic rock samples include whole rock MgO concentrations (wt.%), the forsterite content of olivine and the oxygen isotopic composition of olivine. The dataset also provides a record of what samples have been analyzed for major and trace elements by XRF and ICP-MS, mineral chemistry by EMPA, radiogenic isotopes of Sr, Nd and Pb on whole rock powders by ICP-MS and dating by 40Ar/39Ar method.", "east": -153.4, "geometry": ["POINT(-153.75 -87)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Chemistry:rock; Chemistry:Rock; Geochronology; Glacial Volcanism; Magma Differentiation; Major Elements; Mantle Melting; Solid Earth; Trace Elements; Transantarctic Mountains", "locations": "Transantarctic Mountains; Antarctica", "north": -86.9, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Earth Sciences", "persons": "Panter, Kurt", "project_titles": "Investigating Early Miocene Sub-ice Volcanoes in Antarctica for Improved Modeling and understanding of a Large Magmatic Province", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010105", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Investigating Early Miocene Sub-ice Volcanoes in Antarctica for Improved Modeling and understanding of a Large Magmatic Province"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -87.1, "title": "Volcanological and Petrological measurements on Mt. Early and Sheridan Bluff volcanoes, upper Scott Glacier, Antarctica ", "uid": "601331", "west": -154.1}, {"awards": "1643722 Brook, Edward", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(180 -90)"], "date_created": "Wed, 03 Jun 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This data set contains measurements of atmospheric methane in the South Pole Ice core made at both Oregon State University and Penn State University, as well as a gas age time scale for the core. In both laboratories methane was measured using a melt-refreeze technique to liberate extracted air and using a gas chromatograph with flame ionization detection to quantify the methane concentration, by comparison to calibrated air standards. To construct the gas time scale abrupt changes in atmospheric methane during the glacial period and centennial methane variability during the Holocene were used to synchronize the South Pole gas record with analogous data from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide ice core. Stratigraphic matching based on visual optimization was verified using an automated matching algorithm. The South Pole ice core recovers all expected changes in methane based on previous records. In combination with an existing ice age scale (Winski et al., 2019, Clim. Past, 15, 1793\u20131808) an independent estimate of the gas age-ice age difference is also provided. A full description of the data and gas age scale are provided in Epifanio et al., 2020 (Climate of the Past, 16, 2431-2444). ", "east": 180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(180 -90)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Gas Chromatography; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Records; Methane; South Pole", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -90.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Brook, Edward J.", "project_titles": "A High Resolution Atmospheric Methane Record from the South Pole Ice Core", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010102", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "A High Resolution Atmospheric Methane Record from the South Pole Ice Core"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "South Pole Ice Core Methane Data and Gas Age Time Scale", "uid": "601329", "west": 180.0}, {"awards": null, "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60))"], "date_created": "Wed, 20 May 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Shallow firn temperature records made at the Byrd, Ellesworth, Wilkes and South Pole sites during the International Geophysical Year (1957-58). Depths of measurements range from the surface to as deep as 16m, on intervals of 0.5m to 8m. Time intervals of measurements vary from one day to one month. ", "east": 180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -89.999)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Firn Temperature Measurements", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": null, "persons": "Goldthwait, Richard, P; Pirrit, John; Hollin, John; Giovineto, Mario", "project_titles": null, "projects": null, "repositories": null, "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "Shallow firn temperature records", "uid": "601324", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "1142167 Pettit, Erin", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(-180 -90)"], "date_created": "Mon, 04 May 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Acoustic Televiewer measures borehole shape and tilt. These data were collected to study detailed borehole deformation with respect to ice properties to expand our understanding of the flow law for ice. ", "east": -180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(-180 -90)"], "keywords": "Acoustic Televiewer; Anisotropy; Antarctica; Borehole Logging; Deformation; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Records; Ice Flow; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; South Pole; SPICEcore", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -90.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Pettit, Erin", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: VeLveT Ice - eVoLution of Fabric and Texture in Ice at WAIS Divide, West Antarctica", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010098", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: VeLveT Ice - eVoLution of Fabric and Texture in Ice at WAIS Divide, West Antarctica"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "South Pole (SPICEcore) Borehole Deformation", "uid": "601315", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "1443470 Aydin, Murat", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(-98.16 -89.99)"], "date_created": "Wed, 01 Apr 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The data file includes the results of the carbonyl sulfide (COS), methyl chloride (CH3Cl), and methyl bromide (CH3Br) measurements from the SPC14 ice core drilled at the South Pole as part of the SPICEcore project. There are a total of 425 measurements. The file is an Excel worksheet saved in .xlsx format. The are seven columns: depth (m), COS (ppt), err (ppt), CH3Cl (ppt), err (ppt), CH3Br (ppt), err (ppt). The depth column is the mid-depth of the samples calculated from top and bottom depth measurements conducted during the CPL. All measurements are reported as dry molar mixing ratios in parts per trillion (ppt). The err column after the data for each compound is the plus/minus 1 sigma uncertainty estimate in ppt\u2019s and it is the cumulative uncertainty based on the precision of the analytical measurement plus the uncertainty that arises from the variability in the background (blank) trace gas levels in the ice core extraction system. The background trace gas levels in the ice core gas extraction and the analytical systems are determined by regularly conducting nitrogen (N2) blanks. Please refer to Aydin et al. [JGR doi:10.1029/2006JD008027, 2007] for details of the measurement methods and the calibration practices. A few instances of missing data are denoted by -999. Contact with the PI encouraged before data usage.", "east": -98.16, "geometry": ["POINT(-98.16 -89.99)"], "keywords": "Antarctica", "locations": "Antarctica; Antarctica", "north": -89.99, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Aydin, Murat", "project_titles": "Carbonyl Sulfide, Methyl Chloride, and Methyl Bromide Measurements in the New Intermediate-depth South Pole Ice Core", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010089", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Carbonyl Sulfide, Methyl Chloride, and Methyl Bromide Measurements in the New Intermediate-depth South Pole Ice Core"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -89.99, "title": "SPC14 carbonyl sulfide, methyl chloride, and methyl bromide measurements from South Pole, Antarctica", "uid": "601270", "west": -98.16}, {"awards": "1443471 Koutnik, Michelle", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(-98.16 -89.99)"], "date_created": "Wed, 25 Mar 2020 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The South Pole Ice Core (SPICEcore), which spans the past 54,300 years, was drilled far from an ice divide such that ice recovered at depth originated upstream of the core site. If the climate is different upstream, the climate history recovered from the core will be a combination of the upstream conditions advected to the core site and temporal changes. Here, we evaluate the impact of ice advection on two fundamental records from SPICEcore: accumulation rate and water isotopes. We determined past locations of ice deposition based on GPS measurements of the modern velocity field spanning 100 km upstream, where ice of ~20 ka age would likely have originated. Beyond 100 km, there are no velocity measurements, but ice likely originates from Titan Dome, an additional 90 km distant. Shallow radar measurements extending 100 km upstream from the core site reveal large (~20%) variations in accumulation but no significant trend. Water isotope ratios, measured at 12.5 km intervals for the first 100 km of the flowline, show a decrease with elevation of -0.008\u2030 m-1 for \u03b418O. Advection adds approximately 1\u2030 for \u03b418O to the LGM-to-modern change. We also use an existing ensemble of continental ice-sheet model runs to assess the ice sheet elevation change through time. The magnitude of elevation change is likely small and the sign uncertain. Assuming a lapse rate of 10\u00b0C per km of elevation, the inference of LGM-to-modern temperature change is ~1.4\u00b0C smaller than if the flow from upstream is not considered. ", "east": -98.16, "geometry": ["POINT(-98.16 -89.99)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Ice Core Data; South Pole; SPICEcore", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -89.99, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Fudge, T. J.", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Characterization of Upstream Ice and Firn Dynamics affecting the South Pole Ice Core", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000200", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Characterization of Upstream Ice and Firn Dynamics affecting the South Pole Ice Core"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -89.99, "title": "SPICEcore Advection", "uid": "601266", "west": -98.16}, {"awards": "1443464 Sowers, Todd", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(0 -90)"], "date_created": "Wed, 11 Dec 2019 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The overiding goal for our collaborative project is to provide the necessary data to construct an accurate gas age scale all along the SPICE core. Downcore measurements of CH4 and other species would help to constrain the ice age - gas age difference all along the core that is a prerequisite for the construction of the gas age vs depth profile that is the backbone for all atmospheric reconstructions. ", "east": 0.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -90)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Atmospheric CH4; Ch4; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core; Ice Core Chemistry; Ice Core Data; Methane; Methane Concentration; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; South Pole; SPICEcore", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -90.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Sowers, Todd A.", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Inert Gas and Methane Based Climate Records throughout the South Pole Deep Ice Core", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010005", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Inert Gas and Methane Based Climate Records throughout the South Pole Deep Ice Core"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "South Pole CH4 data for termination", "uid": "601230", "west": 0.0}, {"awards": "1443464 Sowers, Todd", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(0 -90)"], "date_created": "Wed, 11 Dec 2019 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The total air content in ice core samples are a fundamental indication of the multitude of processes that impact densification of snow in polar regions. In addition, variations in the elevation of the ice sheet directly control the pressure in the bubble close off region and thereby the total gas content. Attempts to remove the physical factors (temperature, accumulation rate, dust content, seasonality) impacting the total air content could provide a means of assessing variations in the elevation of the South Pole over the last 50,000 years.", "east": 0.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -90)"], "keywords": "Air Content; Antarctica; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Data; Ice Core Records; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; South Pole; SPICEcore", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -90.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Sowers, Todd A.", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Inert Gas and Methane Based Climate Records throughout the South Pole Deep Ice Core", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010005", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Inert Gas and Methane Based Climate Records throughout the South Pole Deep Ice Core"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "South Pole ice core total air content", "uid": "601231", "west": 0.0}, {"awards": "1443566 Bay, Ryan", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(0 -90)"], "date_created": "Sun, 03 Nov 2019 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "We deployed an oriented laser dust logger in the SPICEcore borehole in order to study the particulate stratigraphy, volcanology, glaciology and climatology of South Pole. We obtained a detailed record of dust and ash, SPICEcore age versus depth, and measurements of the optical anisotropy indicated by IceCube analyses.", "east": 0.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -90)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Dust; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice; Ice Core Data; Ice Core Records; Paleoclimate; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; SPICEcore", "locations": "Antarctica; Antarctica", "north": -90.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Bay, Ryan", "project_titles": "Laser Dust Logging of a South Pole Ice Core", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010061", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Laser Dust Logging of a South Pole Ice Core"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "Laser Dust Logging of the South Pole Ice Core (SPICE)", "uid": "601222", "west": 0.0}, {"awards": "1142646 Twickler, Mark; 1142517 Aydin, Murat; 1141839 Steig, Eric", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(90 -90)"], "date_created": "Wed, 30 Oct 2019 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Qualitative assessment of ice-core quality versus depth for the South Pole ice core SPC14. The depths and core quality ratings presented here are from the field observations made at South Pole, Antarctica, during the course of the drilling of the ice core and also from the lab observations at the NSF-Ice Core Facility in Lakewood, Colorado. Depths are in meters. Core quality ratings were defined are as follows. Excellent: 0\u20131 breaks/no fractures; Very Good: 0\u20132 breaks/90% no fractures; Good: 0\u20133 breaks/50% no fractures; Fair: \u003e10 cm without fractures; Poor: \u003e10 cm without through fractures; Very Poor: \u003c10 cm without through fractures.", "east": 90.0, "geometry": ["POINT(90 -90)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice; Ice Core Data; Ice Core Depth; Ice Core Records; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; SPICEcore", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -90.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology; Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Souney, Joseph Jr.; Twickler, Mark; Fegyveresi, John; Casey, Kimberly A.; Aydin, Murat; Steig, Eric J.; Nunn, Richard; Hargreaves, Geoff; Fudge, T. J.; Nicewonger, Melinda R.; Kahle, Emma", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: A 1500m Ice Core from South Pole", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010060", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: A 1500m Ice Core from South Pole"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "South Pole Ice Core (SPICEcore) SPC14 Core Quality Versus Depth", "uid": "601221", "west": 90.0}, {"awards": "1443336 Osterberg, Erich", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(-180 -90)"], "date_created": "Thu, 29 Aug 2019 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The South Pole Ice Core (SPICEcore) was drilled in 2014-2016 to provide a detailed multi-proxy archive of paleoclimate conditions in East Antarctica during the Holocene and late Pleistocene. Interpretation of these records requires an accurate depth-age relationship. Here, we present the SP19 timescale for the age of the ice of SPICEcore. SP19 is synchronized to the WD2014 chronology from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide (WAIS Divide) ice core using stratigraphic matching of 251 volcanic events. These events indicate an age of 54,302 +/- 519 years BP (before the year 1950) at the bottom of SPICEcore. Annual layers identified in sodium and magnesium ions to 11,341 BP were used to interpolate between stratigraphic volcanic tie points, yielding an annually-resolved chronology through the Holocene. Estimated timescale uncertainty during the Holocene is less than 18 years relative to WD2014, with the exception of the interval between 1800 to 3100 BP when uncertainty estimates reach +/- 25 years due to widely spaced volcanic tie points. Prior to the Holocene, uncertainties remain within 124 years relative to WD2014. Results show an average Holocene accumulation rate of 7.4 cm/yr (water equivalent). The time variability of accumulation rate is consistent with expectations for steady-state ice flow through the modern spatial pattern of accumulation rate. Time variations in nitrate concentration, nitrate seasonal amplitude, and \u03b415N of N2 in turn are as expected for the accumulation-rate variations. The highly variable yet well-constrained Holocene accumulation history at the site can help improve scientific understanding of deposition-sensitive climate proxies such as \u03b415N of N2 and photolyzed chemical compounds.", "east": -180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(-180 -90)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Calcium (ca); Chemistry:ice; Chemistry:Ice; Depth; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciochemistry; Glaciology; Ice; Ice Core; Ice Core Chemistry; Ice Core Data; Ice Core Records; Ice Core Stratigraphy; Nitrate; Nitrogen Isotopes; Paleoclimate; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; South Pole; SPICEcore", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -90.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Winski, Dominic A.; Fudge, T. J.; Dunbar, Nelia; Buizert, Christo; Bay, Ryan; Souney, Joseph Jr.; Sigl, Michael; McConnell, Joseph; Fegyveresi, John; Cole-Dai, Jihong; Thundercloud, Zayta; Cox, Thomas S.; Kreutz, Karl; Epifanio, Jenna; Ortman, Nikolas; Brook, Edward J.; Beaudette, Ross; Sowers, Todd A.; Steig, Eric J.; Morris, Valerie; Kahle, Emma; Ferris, David G.; Aydin, Murat; Nicewonger, Melinda R.; Casey, Kimberly A.; Alley, Richard; Waddington, Edwin D.; Osterberg, Erich; Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.; Jones, Tyler R.; Iverson, Nels", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: South Pole Ice Core Chronology and Climate Records using Chemical and Microparticle Measurements", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010051", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: South Pole Ice Core Chronology and Climate Records using Chemical and Microparticle Measurements"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "The South Pole Ice Core (SPICEcore) chronology and supporting data", "uid": "601206", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "1443550 Brook, Edward", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(-180 -90)"], "date_created": "Thu, 08 Aug 2019 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Measurements of CO2, N2O, and the isotopic composition of CO2 from the Holocene section of SPICEcore", "east": -180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(-180 -90)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Carbon Dioxide; Ice Core Gas Records; Nitrous Oxide; South Pole; SPICEcore", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -90.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Brook, Edward J.", "project_titles": "Controls on Variations in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Nitrous Oxide During the Last 10,000 years", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010043", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Controls on Variations in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Nitrous Oxide During the Last 10,000 years"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "SPICEcore Holocene CO2 and N2O data", "uid": "601197", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "1443232 Waddington, Edwin", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(-180 -90)"], "date_created": "Mon, 08 Jul 2019 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "These are AC-ECM data used to identify volcanic events in SPICEcore. The data have been normalized to get a consistent baseline for data collected from three different processing seasons.", "east": -180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(-180 -90)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Electrical Conductivity; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core; Ice Core Records; Physical Properties; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; South Pole; SPICEcore; Volcanic", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -90.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Waddington, Edwin D.; Fudge, T. J.", "project_titles": "Using Electrical Conductance Measurements to Develop the South Pole Ice Core Chronology", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000378", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Using Electrical Conductance Measurements to Develop the South Pole Ice Core Chronology"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "AC-ECM for SPICEcore", "uid": "601189", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "1443710 Severinghaus, Jeffrey", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(0 -90)"], "date_created": "Sat, 02 Feb 2019 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This data set includes major atmospheric gas and gas isotope data from the SPICECORE project, which recovered a 1750-m ice core at the South Pole in 2015. 15N, 18O of O2, O2/N2, and Ar/N2 are included.", "east": 0.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -90)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Antarctic Ice Sheet; Chemistry:gas; Chemistry:Gas; Chemistry:ice; Chemistry:Ice; Delta 18O; Dole Effect; Firn Thickness; Gas Isotopes; Geochemistry; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Gravitational Settling; Ice; Ice Core Chemistry; Ice Core Data; Ice Core Gas Records; Ice Core Records; Inert Gases; Nitrogen; Nitrogen Isotopes; Oxygen; Oxygen Isotope; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; South Pole; SPICEcore", "locations": "Antarctic Ice Sheet; South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -90.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Inert Gas and Methane Based Climate Records throughout the South Pole Deep Ice Core", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0010005", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Inert Gas and Methane Based Climate Records throughout the South Pole Deep Ice Core"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "South Pole (SPICECORE) 15N, 18O, O2/N2 and Ar/N2", "uid": "601152", "west": 0.0}, {"awards": "1443471 Koutnik, Michelle", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((110 -89,117 -89,124 -89,131 -89,138 -89,145 -89,152 -89,159 -89,166 -89,173 -89,180 -89,180 -89.1,180 -89.2,180 -89.3,180 -89.4,180 -89.5,180 -89.6,180 -89.7,180 -89.8,180 -89.9,180 -90,173 -90,166 -90,159 -90,152 -90,145 -90,138 -90,131 -90,124 -90,117 -90,110 -90,110 -89.9,110 -89.8,110 -89.7,110 -89.6,110 -89.5,110 -89.4,110 -89.3,110 -89.2,110 -89.1,110 -89))"], "date_created": "Tue, 29 May 2018 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "These data indicate the positions and velocities of a network of stakes emplaced in the vicinity of South Pole during 2015-2018. They were collected by resurveying emplaced poles over the course of 1-2 years.", "east": 180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(145 -89.5)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; GPS; Ice Velocity", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -89.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Lilien, David; Fudge, T. J.; Koutnik, Michelle; Conway, Howard; Waddington, Edwin D.", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Characterization of Upstream Ice and Firn Dynamics affecting the South Pole Ice Core", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000200", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Characterization of Upstream Ice and Firn Dynamics affecting the South Pole Ice Core"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "South Pole area GPS velocities", "uid": "601100", "west": 110.0}, {"awards": "1443471 Koutnik, Michelle", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((110 -89,117 -89,124 -89,131 -89,138 -89,145 -89,152 -89,159 -89,166 -89,173 -89,180 -89,180 -89.1,180 -89.2,180 -89.3,180 -89.4,180 -89.5,180 -89.6,180 -89.7,180 -89.8,180 -89.9,180 -90,173 -90,166 -90,159 -90,152 -90,145 -90,138 -90,131 -90,124 -90,117 -90,110 -90,110 -89.9,110 -89.8,110 -89.7,110 -89.6,110 -89.5,110 -89.4,110 -89.3,110 -89.2,110 -89.1,110 -89))"], "date_created": "Fri, 25 May 2018 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "These are 200MHz radar data collected upstream of South Pole during the 2016/17 and 2017/18 field seasons. Data are the raw files produced by the GSSI radar controller, and a set of layer picks.", "east": 180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(145 -89.5)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Radar; Snow Accumulation; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -89.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Lilien, David; Fudge, T. J.; Koutnik, Michelle; Conway, Howard; Waddington, Edwin D.", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Characterization of Upstream Ice and Firn Dynamics affecting the South Pole Ice Core", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000200", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Characterization of Upstream Ice and Firn Dynamics affecting the South Pole Ice Core"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "Shallow radar near South Pole", "uid": "601099", "west": 110.0}, {"awards": "1542778 Alley, Richard", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-180 -89.9,-144 -89.9,-108 -89.9,-72 -89.9,-36 -89.9,0 -89.9,36 -89.9,72 -89.9,108 -89.9,144 -89.9,180 -89.9,180 -89.91,180 -89.92,180 -89.93,180 -89.94,180 -89.95,180 -89.96,180 -89.97,180 -89.98,180 -89.99,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -89.99,-180 -89.98,-180 -89.97,-180 -89.96,-180 -89.95,-180 -89.94,-180 -89.93,-180 -89.92,-180 -89.91,-180 -89.9))"], "date_created": "Mon, 05 Mar 2018 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This dataset includes all visible observations made of the South Pole Ice core within a dark booth during core processing at the National Ice Core Laboratory. This dataset includes observations starting at 735 meters depth, down to the bottom of the drilled core at 1751 meters. All visible and cloudy layers are noted, as well as any other observed feature or cracks. In addition, all Volcanic layers measured on the ECM were noted.", "east": 180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -89.999)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core; Ice Core Records; Physical Properties; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; South Pole; Visual Observations", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -89.9, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Fegyveresi, John; Alley, Richard", "project_titles": "Climate History and Flow Processes from Physical Analyses of the SPICECORE South Pole Ice Core", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000141", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Climate History and Flow Processes from Physical Analyses of the SPICECORE South Pole Ice Core"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "South Pole Ice Core (SPIcecore) Visual Observations", "uid": "601088", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "1542778 Alley, Richard", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(-180 -90)"], "date_created": "Wed, 20 Sep 2017 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Thin sections of the South Pole Ice Core, SPC14, were prepared from samples taken every ~20 meters starting at 100 meters depth. Samples from 140 meters to 1739 meters depth were analyzed to determine the c-axis fabric of the grains. The ice is generally fine-grained, with the samples at 100 and 120 meters depth too fine grained for successful analysis, but sufficient grain growth having occurred for analysis of all deeper samples.\r\r\nThe c-axis fabric was measured on the automated c-axis fabric analyzer located at Penn State University, designed and built by Larry Wilen. Raw data is in the form of multiple images of the ice thin section taken at defined angles under cross polarized light. The images are analyzed to determine position of the extinction minimum of each grain within the thin section, this being the orientation of the c-axis of that grain. During processing, the area of each analyzed grain is also measured.\r\r\nShallow samples show a fairly random distribution, although with a slight tendency for clustering of c-axes toward the vertical. With increasing depth, the c-axes rotate toward a vertical plane with a slight additional tendency of clustering toward the vertical within that plane. The core was not oriented during collection, so it is not possible to unambiguously tell how the vertical plane is related to ice flow, but physical understanding indicates that it is transverse to flow.", "east": -180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(-180 -90)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; South Pole; SPICEcore", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -90.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Voigt, Donald E.", "project_titles": "Climate History and Flow Processes from Physical Analyses of the SPICECORE South Pole Ice Core", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000141", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Climate History and Flow Processes from Physical Analyses of the SPICECORE South Pole Ice Core"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "SPICEcore", "south": -90.0, "title": "c-Axis Fabric of the South Pole Ice Core, SPC14", "uid": "601057", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "0944764 Brook, Edward", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(-148.82 -81.66)"], "date_created": "Wed, 25 Jun 2014 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This data set provides a new CO2 record from the Siple Dome ice core, Antarctica, that covers 7.4-9.0 ka (thousand years) with 8- to 16-year resolution. A small, about 1-2 ppm, increase of atmospheric CO2 during the 8.2 ka event was observed. The increase is not significant when compared to other centennial variations in the Holocene that are not linked to large temperature changes. The results do not agree with leaf stomata records that suggest a CO2 decrease of up to ~25 ppm and imply that the sensitivity of atmospheric CO2 to the primarily northern hemisphere cooling of the 8.2 ka event was limited.", "east": -148.82, "geometry": ["POINT(-148.82 -81.66)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Chemistry:fluid; Chemistry:Fluid; Geochemistry; Geochronology; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Records; Paleoclimate; Siple Dome; Siple Dome Ice Core; South Pole; WAISCORES", "locations": "Siple Dome; South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -81.66, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Brook, Edward J.; Ahn, Jinho", "project_titles": "Atmospheric CO2 and Abrupt Climate Change", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000179", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Atmospheric CO2 and Abrupt Climate Change"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "Siple Dome Ice Core", "south": -81.66, "title": "High-resolution Atmospheric CO2 during 7.4-9.0 ka", "uid": "609527", "west": -148.82}, {"awards": "0337933 Cole-Dai, Jihong", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(0 -90)"], "date_created": "Tue, 19 Nov 2013 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "A 180 m ice core drilled at South Pole in 2004/2005 was analyzed for concentrations of major ions at a depth resolution of approximately 2 cm. Measured ions are chloride, nitrate, sulfate, sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium. The bottom of the core has been dated to 1830 years before 2004.", "east": 0.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -90)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Chemistry:ice; Chemistry:Ice; Geochemistry; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Records; Ion Chromatograph; South Pole", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -90.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Cole-Dai, Jihong", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Investigating Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics through Oxygen and Sulfur Isotopes in Volcanic Sulfate from South Pole Ice Cores", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000031", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Investigating Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics through Oxygen and Sulfur Isotopes in Volcanic Sulfate from South Pole Ice Cores"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "Major Ion Concentrations in 2004 South Pole Ice Core", "uid": "609542", "west": 0.0}, {"awards": "0738975 Baker, Ian", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(-148.82 -81.66)"], "date_created": "Mon, 26 Nov 2012 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This data set characterizes the microstructure in ice cores, in particular the microstructural locations of impurities, grain orientations, and strain gradients. The fabric of polycrystalline ice is typically described using only the c-axis orientation, but this is insufficient for a full description of grain orientations in this hexagonal material. Thus, both the a-axis and c-axis are used in this data set showing pole figures for five depths of the Siple Dome (SDMA) core between 640 m and 790 m and misorientation angle distribution for the same grains.", "east": -148.82, "geometry": ["POINT(-148.82 -81.66)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Sample/collection Description; Sample/Collection Description; Siple Dome; Siple Dome Ice Core; South Pole; WAISCORES", "locations": "Siple Dome; South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -81.66, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Baker, Ian; Obbard, Rachel; Sieg, Katherine", "project_titles": "Advanced Microstructural Characterization of Polar Ice Cores", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000178", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Advanced Microstructural Characterization of Polar Ice Cores"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "Siple Dome Ice Core", "south": -81.66, "title": "Siple Dome A (SDMA) Grain Orientation 640 - 790 Meters", "uid": "609526", "west": -148.82}, {"awards": "0739598 Aydin, Murat", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(112.09 -79.47)", "POINT(0 -90)", "POINT(-38.3833 72.5833)"], "date_created": "Wed, 30 Nov 2011 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This data set contains ethane, propane, and n-butane measurements in firn air from the South Pole and the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) Divide in Antarctica, and from Summit, Greenland. The WAIS Divide and South Pole samples were collected in December to January of of 2005/06 and 2008/09, respectively. The Summit firn was sampled in the summer of 2006. Analyses were conducted on a gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) system at the University of California, Irvine. Measurements and the associated uncertainties are reported as dry air molar mixing ratios in part per trillion (ppt). The reported measurements for each sampling depth represent a mean of multiple measurements on more than one flask in most cases.\n\nData are available via FTP in Microsoft Excel (.xls) format.", "east": 112.09, "geometry": ["POINT(112.09 -79.47)", "POINT(0 -90)", "POINT(-38.3833 72.5833)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Arctic; Atmosphere; Chemistry:fluid; Chemistry:Fluid; Geochemistry; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Greenland; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; South Pole; WAIS Divide", "locations": "Greenland; South Pole; WAIS Divide; Arctic; Antarctica", "north": 72.5833, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Aydin, Murat; Saltzman, Eric", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Methane Isotopes, Hydrocarbons, and other Trace Gases in South Pole Firn Air", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000162", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Methane Isotopes, Hydrocarbons, and other Trace Gases in South Pole Firn Air"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "Alkanes in Firn Air Samples, Antarctica and Greenland", "uid": "609504", "west": -38.3833}, {"awards": "0542164 Taylor, Michael", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60))"], "date_created": "Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "A focused plan is presented to investigate the role and importance of short period (\u003c1 hour) gravity waves on the dynamics of the Antarctic Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere (MLT) region (~80-100 km). Excited primarily by deep convection, frontal activity, topography, and strong wind shears in the lower atmosphere, these waves transport energy and momentum upwards where they have a profound influence on the MLT dynamics. Most of the wave forcing is expected to occur at mid-and low-latitudes where such sources predominate. However, short-period waves (exhibiting similar characteristics to mid-latitude events) have now been detected in copious quantities from research sites on the Antarctic Peninsula and the coastal regions exhibiting strong anisotropy in their dominant horizontal motions (and hence their momentum fluxes). Radiosonde measurements have established the existence of ubiquitous gravity wave activity at South Pole but, to date, there have been no detailed measurements of the properties of short-period waves at MLT heights deep in the Antarctic interior. In particular, the South Pole Station is uniquely situated to investigate the filtering and penetration of these waves into the MLT region, a substantial fraction of which may be ducted waves traveling over vast geographic distances (several thousand km). Novel image measurements at South Pole Station combined with existing measurement programs will provide an unprecedented capability for quantifying the role of these gravity waves on the regional MLT dynamics over central Antarctica. This research also contributes to the training and education of both the graduate and undergraduate students.", "east": 180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -89.999)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Atmosphere; Meteorology; Radiosonde; South Pole", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": null, "persons": "Taylor, Michael", "project_titles": "Quantifying the Role of Short-Period Gravity Waves on the Antarctic Mesospheric Dynamics Using an Advanced Mesospheric Temperature Mapper", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000684", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Quantifying the Role of Short-Period Gravity Waves on the Antarctic Mesospheric Dynamics Using an Advanced Mesospheric Temperature Mapper"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "Quantifying the Role of Short-Period Gravity Waves on the Antarctic Mesospheric Dynamics Using an Advanced Mesospheric Temperature Mapper", "uid": "600060", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "0739491 Sowers, Todd", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-180 90,-144 90,-108 90,-72 90,-36 90,0 90,36 90,72 90,108 90,144 90,180 90,180 72,180 54,180 36,180 18,180 0,180 -18,180 -36,180 -54,180 -72,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -72,-180 -54,-180 -36,-180 -18,-180 0,-180 18,-180 36,-180 54,-180 72,-180 90))"], "date_created": "Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This data set contains depth profiles for delta carbon-13 (\u0026#948;13C) and delta deuterium (\u0026#948;D) of methane (CH\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e) in South Pole firn air. The investigators obtained air samples from two boreholes during December 2008 and January 2009, and subsequently determined isotope ratios at 18 depths. The profiles represent a roughly 100-year history of the isotopic composition of CH\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e at South Pole Station (no depth-age model provided).\n\nData are available via FTP as an ASCII text file (.txt) and a Microsoft Excel file (.xlsx).", "east": 180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -89.999)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Atmosphere; Chemistry:fluid; Chemistry:Fluid; Geochemistry; Isotope; Paleoclimate; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; South Pole", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": 90.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Sowers, Todd A.", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Methane Isotopes, Hydrocarbons, and other Trace Gases in South Pole Firn Air", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000162", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Methane Isotopes, Hydrocarbons, and other Trace Gases in South Pole Firn Air"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "Methane Isotopes in South Pole Firn Air, 2008", "uid": "609502", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "0337567 Jacobel, Robert", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((130 -78,133 -78,136 -78,139 -78,142 -78,145 -78,148 -78,151 -78,154 -78,157 -78,160 -78,160 -79.2,160 -80.4,160 -81.6,160 -82.8,160 -84,160 -85.2,160 -86.4,160 -87.6,160 -88.8,160 -90,157 -90,154 -90,151 -90,148 -90,145 -90,142 -90,139 -90,136 -90,133 -90,130 -90,130 -88.8,130 -87.6,130 -86.4,130 -85.2,130 -84,130 -82.8,130 -81.6,130 -80.4,130 -79.2,130 -78))"], "date_created": "Wed, 20 Oct 2010 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This data set contains ice penetrating radar data from the US-International Trans-Antarctic Science Expedition (ITASE) Traverse, from Taylor Dome to South Pole recorded by the St. Olaf College deep radar system. Parameters include latitude, longitude, distance along profile (m), ice thickness pick (m), surface elevation (m), and bed echo power (relative units) from the approximately 1800 km traverse recorded during the 2006-2007 and 2007-2008 Antarctic field seasons (austral summer). The traverse has been broken into three segments, which are shown on three maps provided with the data. A sample radar profile covering approximately 120 km of the traverse near Titan Dome is also provided.\n\nData are available via FTP as ASCII text files (.txt). Profile location maps and sample profile sections are available as Joint Photographic Experts Group (.jpg) image files.", "east": 160.0, "geometry": ["POINT(145 -84)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Elevation; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Thickness; ITASE; South Pole; Taylor Dome", "locations": "South Pole; Taylor Dome; Antarctica", "north": -78.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Jacobel, Robert", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Is Ice Stream C Restarting? Glaciological Investigations of the \u0027Bulge\u0027 and the Trunk of Ice Stream C, West Antartica", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000192", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Is Ice Stream C Restarting? Glaciological Investigations of the \u0027Bulge\u0027 and the Trunk of Ice Stream C, West Antartica"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "ITASE", "south": -90.0, "title": "Radar Studies of Internal Stratigraphy and Bed Topography along the US ITASE-II Traverse", "uid": "609475", "west": 130.0}, {"awards": "0636506 Mayewski, Paul", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-137.7 -75.7,-137.4 -75.7,-137.1 -75.7,-136.8 -75.7,-136.5 -75.7,-136.2 -75.7,-135.9 -75.7,-135.6 -75.7,-135.3 -75.7,-135 -75.7,-134.7 -75.7,-134.7 -75.773,-134.7 -75.846,-134.7 -75.919,-134.7 -75.992,-134.7 -76.065,-134.7 -76.138,-134.7 -76.211,-134.7 -76.284,-134.7 -76.357,-134.7 -76.43,-135 -76.43,-135.3 -76.43,-135.6 -76.43,-135.9 -76.43,-136.2 -76.43,-136.5 -76.43,-136.8 -76.43,-137.1 -76.43,-137.4 -76.43,-137.7 -76.43,-137.7 -76.357,-137.7 -76.284,-137.7 -76.211,-137.7 -76.138,-137.7 -76.065,-137.7 -75.992,-137.7 -75.919,-137.7 -75.846,-137.7 -75.773,-137.7 -75.7))"], "date_created": "Thu, 29 Jul 2010 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This data set contains measurments from co-registered samples from a horizontal trench in the Mt. Moulton Blue Ice Area (BIA) in Antarctica. All 3795 co-registered samples were analyzed for their soluble major anion content by Ion Chromatography (IC) and for trace elements by inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometry . \n\nThe data are available via FTP in Microsoft Excel format (.xls) and Microsoft Word document (.doc).", "east": -134.7, "geometry": ["POINT(-136.2 -76.065)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Chemistry:ice; Chemistry:Ice; Geochemistry; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Mt Moulton; Paleoclimate", "locations": "Mt Moulton; Antarctica", "north": -75.7, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Mayewski, Paul A.; Korotkikh, Elena", "project_titles": "Collaborative Proposal: 2000+ Year Detailed, Calibrated Climate Reconstruction from a South Pole Ice Core Set in an Antarctic - Global Scale Context", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000209", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Proposal: 2000+ Year Detailed, Calibrated Climate Reconstruction from a South Pole Ice Core Set in an Antarctic - Global Scale Context"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -76.43, "title": "Mt. Moulton Ice Trench Mass Spectrometry Data, Antarctica", "uid": "609472", "west": -137.7}, {"awards": "0636506 Mayewski, Paul", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(-144.39 -89.93)"], "date_created": "Thu, 01 Jul 2010 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This data set contains ion measurements from co-registered samples from the South Pole Remote Earth Science and Seismological Observatory (SPRESSO) ice core. The core was drilled during the 2002-2003 field season as part of the International Trans-Antarctic Science Expedition (ITASE). Samples were collected for ion chromatography, inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometry and stable water isotope analysis. Parameters include measurements of ion concentrations in ice core samples.\n\nThe data are available via FTP in Microsoft Excel format (.xls).", "east": -144.39, "geometry": ["POINT(-144.39 -89.93)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Chemistry:ice; Chemistry:Ice; Geochemistry; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Ice Core Records; ITASE; Paleoclimate; South Pole; SPRESSO Ice Core", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -89.93, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Mayewski, Paul A.; Korotkikh, Elena", "project_titles": "Collaborative Proposal: 2000+ Year Detailed, Calibrated Climate Reconstruction from a South Pole Ice Core Set in an Antarctic - Global Scale Context", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000209", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Proposal: 2000+ Year Detailed, Calibrated Climate Reconstruction from a South Pole Ice Core Set in an Antarctic - Global Scale Context"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -89.93, "title": "Ion Concentrations from SPRESSO Ice Core, Antarctica", "uid": "609471", "west": -144.39}, {"awards": "0440523 Baker, Ian; 9980379 Baker, Ian", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(-119.516667 -80.016667)", "POINT(-38.466667 72.583333)", "POINT(106.8 -72.466667)"], "date_created": "Mon, 15 Feb 2010 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This data set contains measurements of impurities and ions in three polar ice cores: the Vostok 5G ice core and the Byrd ice core from Antarctica, and the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) D core. Parameters include sample depth, grain size, ion concentration, and ice core impurity information. Measurements were made using Ion Chromatography (IC), optical microscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). \n\nData are available via FTP in Microsoft Excel (.xls)and Microsoft Word (.doc) formats.", "east": 106.8, "geometry": ["POINT(-119.516667 -80.016667)", "POINT(-38.466667 72.583333)", "POINT(106.8 -72.466667)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Arctic; Byrd Glacier; Byrd Ice Core; Chemistry:ice; Chemistry:Ice; Geochemistry; GISP2; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Records; Lake Vostok; Paleoclimate; Vostok Ice Core", "locations": "Lake Vostok; Byrd Glacier; Arctic; Antarctica", "north": 72.583333, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Baker, Ian; Obbard, Rachel", "project_titles": "The Physical Properties of the US ITASE Firn and Ice Cores from South Pole to Taylor Dome", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000289", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "The Physical Properties of the US ITASE Firn and Ice Cores from South Pole to Taylor Dome"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -80.016667, "title": "Microstructural Location and Composition of Impurities in Polar Ice Cores", "uid": "609436", "west": -119.516667}, {"awards": "0838838 Evenson, Paul", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-165.89 -56.02,-150.571 -56.02,-135.252 -56.02,-119.933 -56.02,-104.614 -56.02,-89.295 -56.02,-73.976 -56.02,-58.657 -56.02,-43.338 -56.02,-28.019 -56.02,-12.7 -56.02,-12.7 -58.203,-12.7 -60.386,-12.7 -62.569,-12.7 -64.752,-12.7 -66.935,-12.7 -69.118,-12.7 -71.301,-12.7 -73.484,-12.7 -75.667,-12.7 -77.85,-28.019 -77.85,-43.338 -77.85,-58.657 -77.85,-73.976 -77.85,-89.295 -77.85,-104.614 -77.85,-119.933 -77.85,-135.252 -77.85,-150.571 -77.85,-165.89 -77.85,-165.89 -75.667,-165.89 -73.484,-165.89 -71.301,-165.89 -69.118,-165.89 -66.935,-165.89 -64.752,-165.89 -62.569,-165.89 -60.386,-165.89 -58.203,-165.89 -56.02))"], "date_created": "Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "We determined a set of cosmic ray response functions for the ice Cherenkov detector used by the surface air shower IceTop, part of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole. At the same time we measured the response function of moderated neutron detectors that are now in use in conjunction with IceTop. We did this by means of a global latitude survey conducted with a detector identical to the IceTop sensors built in a freezer van installed on the Swedish icebreaker Oden. The freezer van also housed the moderated neutron detectors. Cosmic rays shower data were recorded on the Oden voyage from Sweden to McMurdo and return during the 2009-2010 austral summer season. Reliance on student observers and data analysts enhanced the broader impact of this research and firmly grounds this effort in its educational mission.", "east": -12.7, "geometry": ["POINT(-89.295 -66.935)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Atmosphere; Cosmic Ray; Cosmos; Icecube; Oden; Southern Ocean", "locations": "Southern Ocean; Antarctica", "north": -56.02, "nsf_funding_programs": null, "persons": "Tilav, Serap; Evenson, Paul; Bieber, John; Clem, John", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Measurement of Cosmic Ray Response Functions for an Ice Cherenkov Detector", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000516", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Measurement of Cosmic Ray Response Functions for an Ice Cherenkov Detector"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -77.85, "title": "Measurement of Cosmic Ray Response Functions for an Ice Cherenkov Detector", "uid": "600098", "west": -165.89}, {"awards": "0438777 Fritts, David", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60))"], "date_created": "Thu, 01 Jan 2009 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This proposal is to continue operation and scientific studies with the middle-frequency (MF, 1-30 MHz) mesospheric radar deployed at the British Antarctic station Rothera in 1996. This system is now a key site in the Antarctic MF radar chain near 68 deg. S, which includes also MF radars at Syowa (Japan) and Davis (Australia) stations. This radar comprises the winds component of a developing instrument suite for the mesosphere-thermosphere (MLT) studies at Rothera - a focus of the new BAS 5-year plan, which also includes the Fe temperature lidar (formerly at South Pole) and the mesopause airglow imager for gravity wave studies (formerly at Halley). The Rothera MF radar has just had its antennas and electronics upgraded to achieve better signal-to-noise ratio and more continuous measurements in height and time. The main focus of the proposed research is to extend the knowledge of the polar mesosphere dynamics. The instrument suite at Rothera is ideally positioned for correlative interhemispheric studies with northern hemisphere sites at Poker Flat, Alaska (65 deg. N) and ALOMAR, Norway (69 deg. N) having comparable instrumentation. Further research efforts performed with continued funding will focus on: (1) multi-instrument collaborative studies at Rothera to quantify as fully as possible the dynamics, structure, and variability of the MLT at that location, (2) multi-site (and multi-instrument) studies of large-scale dynamics and variability in the Antarctic (together with the radars and other instrumentation at Davis and Syowa), and (3) interhemispheric studies employing instruments (e.g., the Na resonance lidar and MF radar) at Poker Flat and ALOMAR. It is expected that these studies will lead to a more detailed understanding of (1) mean, tidal, and planetary wave structures at polar latitudes, (2) seasonal, inter-annual, and short-term variability of these structures, (3) hemispheric differences in the tidal and planetary wave structures arising from different source and wave interaction conditions, and (4) the relative influences of gravity waves in the two hemispheres. Such studies will also contribute more generally to an increased awareness of the role of high-latitude processes in global atmospheric dynamics and variability.", "east": 180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -89.999)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Atmosphere; Meteorology; Radar", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": null, "persons": "Fritts, David", "project_titles": "Correlative Antarctic and Inter-Hemispheric Dynamics Studies Using the MF Radar at Rothera", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000021", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Correlative Antarctic and Inter-Hemispheric Dynamics Studies Using the MF Radar at Rothera"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "Correlative Antarctic and Inter-Hemispheric Dynamics Studies Using the MF Radar at Rothera", "uid": "600040", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "0440414 Steig, Eric", "bounds_geometry": ["POLYGON((-180 -60,-144 -60,-108 -60,-72 -60,-36 -60,0 -60,36 -60,72 -60,108 -60,144 -60,180 -60,180 -63,180 -66,180 -69,180 -72,180 -75,180 -78,180 -81,180 -84,180 -87,180 -90,144 -90,108 -90,72 -90,36 -90,0 -90,-36 -90,-72 -90,-108 -90,-144 -90,-180 -90,-180 -87,-180 -84,-180 -81,-180 -78,-180 -75,-180 -72,-180 -69,-180 -66,-180 -63,-180 -60))"], "date_created": "Thu, 01 Jan 2009 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This award supports a project to obtain stable isotope profiles from shallow (\u003c100 m) ice cores from East Antarctica, to add to the growing database of environmental proxy data collected under the auspices of the \"ITASE\" (International TransAntarctic Scientific Expedition) program. In Antarctica, the instrumental record of climate is particularly short (~40 years except in a few isolated locations on the coast), and ice core proxy data are the only means available for extending this record into the past. The use of stable isotopes of water (18-O/16-O and D/H ratios) from ice cores as proxies for temperature is well established for both very short (i.e. seasonal) and long timescales (centuries, millennia). Using multivariate regression methods and shallow ice cores from West Antarctica, a reconstruction of Antarctic climate over the last ~150 years has been developed which suggests the continent has been warming, on average, at a rate of ~0.2 K/century. Further improving these reconstructions is the chief motivation for further extending the US ITASE project. Ten to fifteen shallow (~100 m) from Victoria Land, East Antarctica will be obtained and analyzed. The core will be collected along a traverse route beginning at Taylor Dome and ending at the South Pole. Age-depth relationships for the cores will be determined through a combination of stable isotopes, visual stratigraphy and seasonal chemical signatures and marker horizons. Reconstructions of Antarctic climate obtained from these cores will be incorporated into the global network of paleoclimate information, which has been important in science, policy and educational contexts. The project will include graduate student and postdoctoral training and field experience.", "east": 180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -89.999)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Atmosphere; Climate; Cryosphere; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Records; Isotope; ITASE; Meteorology; Paleoclimate; Satellite Remote Sensing; Weather Station Data", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": -60.0, "nsf_funding_programs": null, "persons": "Steig, Eric J.", "project_titles": "Stable Isotope Studies at East Antarctic US ITASE Sites", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000202", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Stable Isotope Studies at East Antarctic US ITASE Sites"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "ITASE", "south": -90.0, "title": "Stable Isotope Studies at East Antarctic US ITASE Sites", "uid": "600042", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "0538683 Lal, Devendra", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(-180 -90)"], "date_created": "Thu, 01 Jan 2009 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "The principal aim of this research is to determine the precise manner in which solar activity has varied in the past 1000 years. During this period, four periods of very low solar activity have been identified: Wolf (1305-1345 AD), Spoerer (1418-1540 AD), Maunder (1645-1715), and one period of high solar activity (1100-1250 A.D.) have been deduced based on available historical records of sunspot numbers and aurora. Our proposal aims to study the solar activity during the past 1000 years in detail using a new method, based on studies of polar ice, as developed earlier (Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 234, 335-349, 2005). The method is based on the fact that greater solar activity leads to production of greater magnetic fields in the heliosphere, which reduces the primary cosmic ray flux in the near Earth environment, and vice-versa. Consequently if one can measure the primary cosmic ray flux in the near Earth space, it becomes a direct measure of the solar activity. Lal et al. (Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 234, 335-349, 2005) concluded that the best way of measuring the primary cosmic ray flux would be to measure the concentration of cosmogenic in-situ produced 14C in polar ice sheets, which was discovered by Lal et al. (Nature 346, 350-352, 1990). Following this idea Lal et al. (op. cit.) measured cosmogenic in-situ produced in 19 samples from the GISP 2 core covering time range of 375-31,250 yrs B.P. Their studies showed that there were two periods of very low solar activity in this time bracket (during 8500-9500 B.P and 27,000-32,000 B.P.), and one high solar activity period during 12,000-16,000 yrs B.P. In order to provide an independent check on the veracity of the new method, we decided to apply it to the historical period, \u003c 1000 yrs B.P. The inferred Solar activities based on the study of cosmogenic in-situ produced 14C in South Pole ice samples clearly establish that there was a period of high Solar activity during 1100-1250 A.D., and a period of very low solar activity during 1416-1534 A.D, designated as the Spoerer Minimum. These results however do not confirm the proposed dates for the Dalton and the Maunder Minimum periods, predicted to be 1795-1825 A.D. and 1654-1714 A.D. respectively. Instead, our studies show that there was a long duration period of low solar activity during 1750-1860 A.D. These results make it quite clear that we should carry out more studies to fully establish the temporal behavior of the Solar activity in the past 1000 yrs.", "east": -180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(-180 -90)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Carbon-14; Cosmos; Geochemistry; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core Records; Paleoclimate; Solar Activity; South Pole", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -90.0, "nsf_funding_programs": null, "persons": "Lal, Devendra", "project_titles": "Solar Activity during the Last Millennium, Estimated from Cosmogenic in-situ 14C in South Pole and GISP2 Ice Cores", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000555", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Solar Activity during the Last Millennium, Estimated from Cosmogenic in-situ 14C in South Pole and GISP2 Ice Cores"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "Solar activity during the last millennium, estimated from cosmogenic in-situ C14 in South Pole and GISP2 ice cores", "uid": "600058", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "0636899 Mende, Stephen", "bounds_geometry": null, "date_created": "Tue, 01 Jan 2008 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Auroral protons are not energized by electric fields directly above the auroral atmosphere and therefore they are a much better diagnostic of processes deep in the magnetosphere. It has been shown from measurements from space by the IMAGE spacecraft that the dayside hydrogen emission is directly related to dayside reconnection processes. A four channel all-sky images had been operating at South Pole during 2004-2007 to observe auroral features in specific wavelengths channels that allowed a quantitative investigation of proton aurora. This was accomplished by measuring the Hydrogen Balmer beta line at 486.1 nm and by monitoring another wavelength band for subtracting non proton produced background emissions. South Pole allows these measurements because of the 24 hour darkness and favorable conditions even on the dayside. To increase the scientific return it was also attempted to measure the Doppler shift of the hydrogen emissions because that provides diagnostics regarding the energy of the protons. Thus the proton camera measured 3 wavelength bands simultaneously in the vicinity of the Balmer beta line to provide the line intensity near zero Doppler shift, at a substantial Doppler shift and a third channel for background. \n\nThe 4-channel all-sky camera at South Pole was modified in 2008 in order to observe several types of auroras, and to distinguish the cusp reconnection aurora from the normal plasma sheet precipitation. The camera simultaneously operates in four wavelength regions that allow a distinction between auroras that are created by higher energy electrons (greater than 1 keV) and those created by low energy (less than 500 eV) precipitation. The cusp is the location where plasma enters the magnetosphere through the process of magnetic reconnection. This reconnection occurs where the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) and the terrestrial magnetic field are oriented in opposite directions. \n\nThe data are represented as keograms (geomagnetic north-south slices through the time series of images) for the four different wavelengths. The top of the keogram points to the magnetic south pole. The time series allows a very quick assessment about the presence of aurora, motion, intensity, and brightness differences in the four simultaneously registered channels.", "east": null, "geometry": null, "keywords": "Antarctica; Atmosphere; Aurora; Cosmos; Photo/video; Photo/Video", "locations": "Antarctica", "north": null, "nsf_funding_programs": null, "persons": "Frey, Harald; Mende, Stephen", "project_titles": "Antarctic Auroral Imaging", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000361", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Antarctic Auroral Imaging"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": null, "title": "Antarctic Auroral Imaging", "uid": "600070", "west": null}, {"awards": "0338359 Saltzman, Eric", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(-144.39 -89.93)"], "date_created": "Sat, 10 Nov 2007 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This data set is an analysis of methyl chloride (CH3Cl) and methyl bromide (CH3Br) in Antarctic ice core samples. Investigators reported mixing ratios of methyl chloride gas extracted from samples taken from the South Pole Remote Earth Science and Seismological Observatory (SPRESSO) core, drilled as part of the International Trans Antarctic Science Expedition (ITASE). This data covers an age range of 2159 - 140 years before present (Y.B.P.) where the year 2000 was used as present. Investigators analyzed trace gases in ice core samples from Siple Dome, West Antarctica (dry-drilled C core and deep, fluid-drilled A core) and from South Pole, Antarctica (300 m dry drilled SPRESSO core). Data are available in Microsoft Excel format and are available via FTP.", "east": -144.39, "geometry": ["POINT(-144.39 -89.93)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Atmosphere; Chemistry:fluid; Chemistry:Fluid; Geochemistry; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Glaciology; Ice Core; Ice Core Records; ITASE; Paleoclimate; Siple Dome Ice Core; South Pole; SPRESSO; SPRESSO Ice Core", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -89.93, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Saltzman, Eric; Aydin, Murat; Williams, Margaret; Tatum, Cheryl", "project_titles": "Methyl chloride and methyl bromide in Antarctic ice cores", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000032", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Methyl chloride and methyl bromide in Antarctic ice cores"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -89.93, "title": "Antarctic Ice Cores: Methyl Chloride and Methyl Bromide", "uid": "609313", "west": -144.39}, {"awards": "9526556 Sowers, Todd", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(-148.3023 -81.403)"], "date_created": "Mon, 09 Jul 2007 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This data set includes records of the delta carbon-13 (\u0026delta;\u003csup\u003e13\u003c/sup\u003eC) of methane (CH\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e) in firn air from the South Pole and trapped in bubbles in a short ice core from Siple Dome, Antarctica. Using two firn air samples, one from January 1995 and the other from January 2001, investigators reconstructed records of the isotopic composition of paleoatmospheric methane covering the last 2 centuries, from 1820 to 2001. \n\nData are in Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Word formats and are available via FTP.", "east": -148.3023, "geometry": ["POINT(-148.3023 -81.403)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Atmosphere; Chemistry:fluid; Chemistry:Fluid; Geochemistry; Siple Dome; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; South Pole", "locations": "Siple Dome; South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -81.403, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Sowers, Todd A.", "project_titles": "Constructing Paleoatmospheric Records of the Isotopic Composition of Methane and Nitrous Oxide", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000611", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Constructing Paleoatmospheric Records of the Isotopic Composition of Methane and Nitrous Oxide"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "Siple Dome Ice Core", "south": -81.403, "title": "Carbon-13 Isotopic Composition of Atmospheric Methane in Firn Air, South Pole and Siple Dome, Antarctica", "uid": "609310", "west": -148.3023}, {"awards": "0125761 Thiemens, Mark", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(139.2728 -89.9975)"], "date_created": "Wed, 01 Nov 2006 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This data set contains snow pit measurements of oxygen isotopes, \u003csup\u003e17\u003c/sup\u003eO and \u003csup\u003e18\u003c/sup\u003eO, in nitrate and ion concentrations, and surface measurements of oxygen isotopes in nitrate and in nitrate aerosols from the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica. The 6-meter snow pit provides investigators with a 25-year record of nitrate isotope variations and ion concentrations for a period spanning from 1979 to 2004. Monthly surface snow and weekly aerosol collections yield a year-long record of nitrate isotopic composition starting 01 December 2003 and ending 31 December 2004.\n\nLittle is known about the past denitrification of the stratosphere in high latitude regions. Such knowledge is important to understanding the chemical state of the ancient atmospheres and evaluating the present climate models. With this research, investigators aim to understand the denitrification of the Antarctic stratosphere and quantify the sources of nitrate aerosols over time.\n\nData are in Microsoft Excel format and are available via FTP.", "east": 139.2728, "geometry": ["POINT(139.2728 -89.9975)"], "keywords": "Aerosol; Antarctica; Atmosphere; Chemistry:fluid; Chemistry:Fluid; Geochemistry; NBP1502; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; South Pole Station", "locations": "South Pole Station; Antarctica", "north": -89.9975, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Thiemens, Mark H.; Savarino, Joel", "project_titles": "South Pole Atmospheric Nitrate Isotopic Analysis (SPANIA)", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000242", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "South Pole Atmospheric Nitrate Isotopic Analysis (SPANIA)"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -89.9975, "title": "Atmospheric Nitrate Isotopic Analysis at Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, A Twenty-Five Year Record", "uid": "609281", "west": 139.2728}, {"awards": "0230452 Severinghaus, Jeffrey; 0230260 Bender, Michael; 9725305 Severinghaus, Jeffrey", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(-148.767 -80.667)", "POINT(0 -90)"], "date_created": "Thu, 17 Aug 2006 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This data set includes gas ratios in polar firn air: O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e/N\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e, \u003csup\u003e15\u003c/sup\u003eN/\u003csup\u003e14\u003c/sup\u003eN, \u003csup\u003e40\u003c/sup\u003eAr/N\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e, \u003csup\u003e40\u003c/sup\u003eAr/\u003csup\u003e36\u003c/sup\u003eAr, \u003csup\u003e40\u003c/sup\u003eAr/\u003csup\u003e38\u003c/sup\u003eAr, \u003csup\u003e84\u003c/sup\u003eKr/\u003csup\u003e36\u003c/sup\u003eAr, \u003csup\u003e132\u003c/sup\u003eXe/\u003csup\u003e36\u003c/sup\u003eAr, and \u003csup\u003e22\u003c/sup\u003eNe/\u003csup\u003e36\u003c/sup\u003eAr. Investigators sampled air from the permeable snowpack (firn) layer at two sites: Siple Dome, Antarctica in 1996 and at the South Pole in 2001. They observed and modeled the processes of gravitational settling, thermal fractionation, and preferential exclusion of small gas molecules from closed air bubbles. The purpose of this study was to understand these physical processes, which affect the composition of bubbles trapped in ice. By measuring these gas ratios in the ancient air preserved in bubbles trapped in ice, researchers can determine past atmospheric composition and local temperature changes along with the relative timing and magnitude of such events.\n\nThe data file is available in Microsoft Excel format. The research paper is available in PDF. Data and the research paper are available via FTP.", "east": 0.0, "geometry": ["POINT(-148.767 -80.667)", "POINT(0 -90)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Atmosphere; Chemistry:fluid; Chemistry:Fluid; Geochemistry; Glaciology; Paleoclimate; Siple Dome; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; South Pole", "locations": "Siple Dome; South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -80.667, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.; Battle, Mark; Bender, Michael", "project_titles": "Collaborative Research: Trapped Gas Composition and the Chronology of the Vostok Ice Core", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000257", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Collaborative Research: Trapped Gas Composition and the Chronology of the Vostok Ice Core"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "Siple Dome Ice Core", "south": -90.0, "title": "Firn Air Inert Gas and Oxygen Observations from Siple Dome, 1996, and the South Pole, 2001", "uid": "609290", "west": -148.767}, {"awards": "XXXXXXX Palais, Julie", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(-180 -90)"], "date_created": "Thu, 24 Jun 2004 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Information from 6-meter snow pits dug close to the South Pole in\naustral summer 1988-1989 by the Glacier Research Group of the\nUniversity of New Hampshire (location - 38 km on grid 90 from South\nPole station - eastern margin of clean air sector) are available.\n\nMajor ion chemistry (Na, K, Mg, Ca, Cl, NO3, SO4), oxygen isotopes\n(I8O), H2O2, and beta from a 6-meter snow pit covering the period 1955\nto 1989 are included. Major ion chemistry for a series of surface snow\nsamples were also collected on the traverse to the pit.", "east": -180.0, "geometry": ["POINT(-180 -90)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Chemistry:ice; Chemistry:Ice; Geochemistry; Glaciology; Ice Core Records; Paleoclimate; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; South Pole", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -90.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Mayewski, Paul A.; Whitlow, Sallie", "project_titles": null, "projects": null, "repositories": null, "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "South Pole Snow Pit, 1988 and 1989", "uid": "609086", "west": -180.0}, {"awards": "0087151 Cole-Dai, Jihong", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(0 -90)"], "date_created": "Fri, 09 Apr 2004 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This data set contains concentrations of soluble chemical species (ions) within a 120 m ice core retrieved at the South Pole station in 2001. The ice core was dated with annual resolution using annual layer counting. Investigators measured chemical species, ions, and volcanic deposits found in the cores. The analysis was conducted at South Dakota State University between 2001 and 2003. Data are available in Microsoft Excel or ASCII text format via FTP from NSIDC.", "east": 0.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -90)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Chemistry:ice; Chemistry:Ice; Geochemistry; Glaciers/ice Sheet; Glaciers/Ice Sheet; Ice Core Records; Solid Earth; South Pole", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -90.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Cole-Dai, Jihong", "project_titles": "A Sulfate-based Volcanic Record from South Pole Ice Cores", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000167", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "A Sulfate-based Volcanic Record from South Pole Ice Cores"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "Sulfate-Based Volcanic Record from South Pole Ice Core", "uid": "609215", "west": 0.0}, {"awards": "9316715 Taylor, Susan", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(0 -90)"], "date_created": "Tue, 01 Jan 2002 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "Micrometeorites dated between 1100 A.D. to 1500 A.D. were collected from the bottom of the South Pole Water Well in December 1995. Element analyses of 181 cosmic glass spherule and micrometeorite samples are in ASCII text and Excel spreadsheet format. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of the spherules and micrometeorites are in TIFF format. Data are available via ftp.", "east": 0.0, "geometry": ["POINT(0 -90)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Chemistry:rock; Chemistry:Rock; Cosmos; Geochemistry; Meteorite; Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Images; South Pole", "locations": "South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -90.0, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Taylor, Susan", "project_titles": "Retrieval and Analysis of Extraterrestrial Particles from the Water Well at the South Pole Station, Antarctica", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000057", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Retrieval and Analysis of Extraterrestrial Particles from the Water Well at the South Pole Station, Antarctica"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": null, "south": -90.0, "title": "Micrometeorites from the South Pole Water Well", "uid": "609113", "west": 0.0}, {"awards": "9725918 Brook, Edward; 9725305 Severinghaus, Jeffrey", "bounds_geometry": ["POINT(-102 -89.997)", "POINT(-148.767 -81.667)"], "date_created": "Mon, 01 Jan 2001 00:00:00 GMT", "description": "This data set includes d15N, d18O/2, dO2/N2/4, d40Ar/4, d38/Ar/2,\nd84Kr/48, and d132Xe/96 values for air drawn from the top 15 to 50 m\nof firn at the South Pole (summer and winter 1998) and a site at Siple\nDome (summers 1996 and 1998). Data also include related firn\ntemperature measurements.\n\nThe objective of this research was to better understand thermal\nfractionation processes affecting records of atmospheric history from\nfirn and ice core gases. Recent work (e.g., Severinghaus and Brook,\n1999) has exploited trapped air in ice and deep firn as a record of\npast atmospheric composition and climate change. Interpretation of these paleoclimate archives is complicated by artifacts of thermal\ndiffusion, a process in which heavier gases migrate down temperature\ngradients toward colder regions in the firn. Seasonal temperature\nchange at the snow surface creates strong temperature gradients in the\ntop few meters of the firn, which cause isotopic fractionation of firn\ngases. A specific goal of this research is to identify any long-term\neffects of seasonal temperature fluctuations on firn air isotopic\nanomalies.", "east": -102.0, "geometry": ["POINT(-102 -89.997)", "POINT(-148.767 -81.667)"], "keywords": "Antarctica; Atmosphere; Chemistry:ice; Chemistry:Ice; Geochemistry; Glaciology; Isotope; Paleoclimate; Siple Dome; Snow/ice; Snow/Ice; South Pole; Temperature", "locations": "Siple Dome; South Pole; Antarctica", "north": -81.667, "nsf_funding_programs": "Antarctic Glaciology", "persons": "Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.; Battle, Mark; Grachev, Alexi", "project_titles": "Thermal Fractionation of Firn Air and the Ice Core Record of Abrupt Interstadial Climate Change", "projects": [{"proj_uid": "p0000160", "repository": "USAP-DC", "title": "Thermal Fractionation of Firn Air and the Ice Core Record of Abrupt Interstadial Climate Change"}], "repo": "USAP-DC", "repositories": "USAP-DC", "science_programs": "Siple Dome Ice Core", "south": -89.997, "title": "Firn Air Isotope and Temperature Measurements from Siple Dome and South Pole", "uid": "609098", "west": -148.767}]

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